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1st Grading - Computer Number System

The document provides an overview of the computer number system, detailing four key representations: binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal, along with their respective bases and digit usage. It explains the concept of radix and includes conversion methods from decimal to other bases. Additionally, it features practice exercises for converting decimal numbers to binary, octal, and hexadecimal formats.

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16 views39 pages

1st Grading - Computer Number System

The document provides an overview of the computer number system, detailing four key representations: binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal, along with their respective bases and digit usage. It explains the concept of radix and includes conversion methods from decimal to other bases. Additionally, it features practice exercises for converting decimal numbers to binary, octal, and hexadecimal formats.

Uploaded by

Zenaida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE COMPUTER

NUMBER SYSTEM
THE COMPUTER
NUMBER SYSTEM
• Used to count discrete units and relate
quantities and symbols in digital electronics.
• There are four number representations used in
digital electronics: binary, octal, decimal, and
hexadecimal.
Four Key Number
Representations
❑ Binary (Base 2): Utilizes digits 0 and 1.

❑ Octal (Base 8): Utilizes digits 0-7.

❑ Decimal (Base 10): Utilizes digits 0-9.

❑ Hexadecimal (Base 16): Utilizes digits 0-9 and letters A-F.


• The base or number
of unique digits in
each number system
is called radix.
RADIX (1010110) 2
Binary Number System
Uses only two digits: 0 and 1.
Known as the base-2

system. (1010110)
2

❑
Binary Number
System

Bit: One binary digit. (1010110)2


Nibble: 4 bits.
Byte: 8 bits.
Word: 16 bits.
Representation in Digital Electronics
(1010110)
Binary can be 2 represented by any digital
electronics that
has two operating Example: A switch where "on" states or
possible is represented by 0 and "off"

conditions by 1.
Octal Number System:
▪ Contains 8 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
▪ Radix/Base: 8 (Base-8 system).
▪ Binary Conversion: Easily converts to binary.
▪ Usage: Commonly used to represent long binary
numbers in computers and electronic devices.
Decimal Number
System:
▪ Contains 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
▪ Radix/Base: 10 (Base-10 system).
▪ Positional Number System: Value of a digit
depends on its position.
.

HEXADECIMAL
Number System:
▪ Uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F.
▪ Letters represent values: A=10, B=11, C=12, D=13, E=14, F=15
▪ Radix/Base: 16 (Base-16 system).
•Represents long binary numbers in computers and
microprocessors.
•Commonly used for programming in machine language.
.

THE COMPUTER
NUMBER SYSTEM
.

SIGNIFICANT
NUMBERS
Most
10101102
Significant Least Significant
Number Number
.

1D63A7A
Most
Significant Least Significant
Number Number
RECAP TIME!!!
1. It is the most fundamental number
system used in computer science. It
uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to
represent all numbers and data
numbers.
Binary Number
System
2. It
uses ten digits, 0 through 9,
to represent

Decimal Number
System
It uses eight digits, 0 through 7,
to represent numbers. It is
commonly used in computer
programming and digital
Octal Number electronics.
System
It is defined as a writing
system for denoting numbers
logically using digits or
symbols
Number System
It uses 16 digits, including 0
through A through F to
represent numbers
HEXADECIMA
L
It is called the base or number of
unique digits in each number
system
RADI
X
CONVERSION OF
COMPUTER NUMBER
SYSTEM

A. From Decimal to other bases


1. DECIMAL to BINARY
10 2
OPERATION OUTPUT REMAINDER
192÷2 96 0
96÷2 48 0
48÷2 24 0
24÷2 12 0
12÷2 6 0
6÷2 3 0
3÷2 1 1
1÷2 0 1

192 11000000
2. DECIMAL to OCTAL
10 8

OPERATION OUTPUT REMAINDER


192÷8 24 0
24÷8 3 0
3÷8 0 3
192 300
3. DECIMAL to HEXADECIMAL
10 16
OPERATION OUTPUT REMAINDER
771÷16 48 3
48÷16 3 0
3÷16 0 3
771 303
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
DECIMAL to BINARY OF: 2510

25 ÷ 2 = 12, remainder 1
12 ÷ 2 = 6, remainder 0
ANSWER:
6 ÷ 2 = 3, remainder 0 2
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
3 ÷ 2 = 1, remainder 1
11001
1 ÷ 2 = 0, remainder 1
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
DECIMAL to OCTAL OF: 2510

25 ÷ 8 = 3, remainder 1 3
÷ 8 = 0, remainder 3
ANSWER: 318
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
DECIMAL to HEXADECIMAL OF: 2510

25 ÷ 16 = 1, remainder 9 1
÷ 16 = 0, remainder 1
ANSWER: 198
LET’S PRACTICE!!!
PRACTICE TEST
CONVERT DECIMAL to BINARY,OCTAL AND
HEXADECIMAL OF: 156 , 85 , 3710 10 10

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