Individual Dilemma

1. The situation: A mother, trying to prepare a meal for her family for the first
time, faces the challenge of cooking rice. She is unsure about the right amount of
water and cooking time to use.

The individual dilemma: She faces a personal choice between trying something new
with uncertainty or seeking guidance from others to ensure the best outcome.

2. The situation: A mother is preparing a meal and wants to make a lasting

impression on her guests. She wonders which dish would best showcase her cooking
skills and make the right impact.

The individual dilemma: The dilemma involves balancing comfort and familiarity with
the desire to impress others.

3. The situation: A man is at a crossroads in his life, unsure of which direction

to take.

The individual dilemma: This is a classic example of an internal struggle, where

the man is caught between two or more life-altering choices that represent
different values, risks, and rewards. He faces the challenge of balancing personal
desires with practical considerations.

1.The situation: A person struggles with managing multiple tasks or

responsibilities at work or in their personal life. They feel overwhelmed, unable
to prioritize or complete tasks efficiently.

The individual dilemma: The dilemma revolves around whether to seek support or try
to figure things out independently. The individual is torn between accepting that
they can’t handle everything and being afraid of appearing incapable or losing
control.

2. The situation: A person feels they are being controlled by others, whether it's
in a relationship, at work, or within a social group.

The individual dilemma: This dilemma centers on whether the person should
prioritize their own autonomy and well-being or continue to conform to others’
wishes in order to maintain peace or avoid discomfort.

3. The situation: A person witnesses someone drowning, but they are unsure about
whether to jump in and help. They may fear for their own safety, be uncertain about
their ability to rescue the person, or worry about the consequences if something
goes wrong.

The individual dilemma: The dilemma revolves around the individual’s values—whether
they prioritize self-preservation or whether they are willing to sacrifice their
own safety to help someone in need.

Organizational Dilemma

1.The situation: A hiring manager or interview panel is unsure whether to accept or

reject a job applicant after the interview process.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the organization hire the applicant
despite certain shortcomings, believing that they can be trained or will grow into
the role over time? Or should they stick strictly to the job qualifications and
reject the applicant to ensure the best fit from day one?
2. before the speech, an employee become unsure of how to continue, whether to
address an unexpected question, how to engage the audience, or how to deal with an
unprepared segment of the speech.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the organization provide more formal
support for employees giving speeches, such as training, coaching, or resources to
prepare for such situations? Or should they continue to expect employees to be
self-sufficient and learn through experience, allowing room for mistakes and growth
but also risking a less polished public image?

3. The situation: An employee unknowingly or deliberately invades another

employee's personal space in the workplace.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the organization implement strict policies
or guidelines to clearly define appropriate personal space in the workplace and
take steps to address and prevent such behavior? Or should they leave these matters
to be handled individually, allowing employees to address personal space violations
directly with one another, which may lead to discomfort but also foster personal
responsibility?

1. The situation: a group of students pressures or encourages another student to

smoke.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the school implement stronger preventive
measures, like mandatory educational programs or stricter disciplinary actions to
stop the behavior? Or should they focus on creating an open dialogue and support
systems to address peer pressure and allow students to make informed choices on
their own?

2.The situation: Employees in a workspace are involved in spreading misinformation,

either intentionally or unintentionally, creating confusion and potentially
damaging the reputation of the organization.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the company impose strict monitoring and
control over communication within the workplace to prevent the spread of fake news?
Or should the organization focus on promoting a culture of trust and transparency,
encouraging employees to fact-check information and fostering an open dialogue
where misinformation can be corrected?

3. The situation: An employee feels isolated and disconnected during group meetings
or social gatherings at work, despite being surrounded by colleagues.

The dilemma for the organization: Should the organization implement formal
strategies to ensure everyone feels included, such as team-building exercises or
mentorship programs? Or should the organization promote individual responsibility
for building relationships and fitting in, allowing employees to find their own way
to connect?

Structural Dilemma

1. The situation: In schools or educational institutions, children are increasingly

distracted by their phones, which affects their ability to study and engage with
their learning environment.

The structural dilemma: Should the education system integrate more stringent rules
to limit phone usage, or should they adapt to technological advancements by
incorporating phones and other digital tools into learning? The dilemma involves
balancing traditional methods of learning with the influence of technology in
students' daily lives. The organization (education system) must decide how to
address this shift in behavior within its structure.

2. The situation: Within an organization or industry, there is a noticeable salary

gap between employees in similar roles or across different job functions, causing
dissatisfaction and potential issues of equity and fairness.

The structural dilemma: Should the organization revise its salary structure and
implement a more equitable distribution to address salary disparities, or should it
maintain the current system due to financial constraints or the value placed on
experience and expertise? The dilemma here centers around how the organization is
structured in terms of pay scales and whether these structures should change to
reflect fairness and equality.

3. The situation: A person is imprisoned unjustly due to biased laws, systemic

inequality, or mistakes in the justice system.

The structural dilemma: Should the justice system and government reform their
policies and processes to reduce wrongful imprisonment and ensure fairer trials, or
should they continue to follow existing practices and risk perpetuating injustices?
The dilemma stems from the structure of the legal and penal systems and whether
existing practices should be overhauled to address systemic issues.

1. The situation: In a team or organization, employees or group members are

unwilling to take responsibility for completing tasks, instead shifting blame or
expecting others to do the work.

The structural dilemma: Should the organization implement stricter task delegation
systems and accountability mechanisms to ensure fairness and clarity in roles, or
should it allow for flexibility and autonomy, trusting that individuals will take
responsibility on their own? This dilemma highlights how the structure of work
allocation and responsibility within the organization can influence teamwork and
productivity.

2. The situation: An individual in an organization, community, or system avoids or

ignores uncomfortable truths in order to protect their job, reputation, or personal
well-being.

The structural dilemma: Should the organization create an environment that promotes
transparency and encourages individuals to face uncomfortable truths, or should
they maintain the status quo where people can “survive” by turning a blind eye to
potentially damaging information? The dilemma focuses on how the organization’s
structure supports or discourages open communication and truthfulness, versus
protecting individuals who may be avoiding it.

3. The situation: There are significant gaps in job opportunities, compensation,

and career advancement between different sectors, demographics, or regions.

The structural dilemma: Should the organization or society implement policies to

address job disparity, such as affirmative action, equal opportunity programs, or
improved access to training and education, or should they allow the market to
naturally determine job availability and rewards? This dilemma involves the
structural dynamics of labor markets, education systems, and societal values about
equality and fairness.