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Exp 1 DDL

The document outlines an experiment to implement and verify Data Definition Language (DDL) commands in SQL, including CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, and RENAME. It provides step-by-step procedures and example queries for creating tables, modifying columns, and dropping columns. The experiment concludes with the execution of various DDL commands and their results.

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48 views6 pages

Exp 1 DDL

The document outlines an experiment to implement and verify Data Definition Language (DDL) commands in SQL, including CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, and RENAME. It provides step-by-step procedures and example queries for creating tables, modifying columns, and dropping columns. The experiment concludes with the execution of various DDL commands and their results.

Uploaded by

choleacademy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

1 Write a SQL statement to implement


Data Definition
Language commands.

AIM: To execute and verify the Data Definition Language commands

DDL (DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE COMMANDS)


 CREATE
 ALTER
 DROP
 TRUNCATE
 RENAME

PROCEDURE
STEP 1: Start
STEP 2: Create the table with its essential attributes.
STEP 3: Execute different Commands and extract information from the table.
STEP 4: Stop

SQL COMMANDS

1. COMMAND NAME: CREATE


COMMAND DESCRIPTION: CREATE command is used to create objects
in the database.
2. COMMAND NAME: DROP
COMMAND DESCRIPTION: DROP command is used to delete the object
from the database.
3. COMMAND NAME: TRUNCATE
COMMAND DESCRIPTION: TRUNCATE command is used to remove
all the records from the table
4. COMMAND NAME: ALTER
COMMAND DESCRIPTION: ALTER command is used to alter the structure of
database
5. COMMAND NAME: RENAME
COMMAND DESCRIPTION: RENAME command is used to rename the objects.

QUERY: 01
Q1. Write a query to create a table employee with empno, ename,
designation, and salary.

Syntax for creating a table:


SQL: CREATE <OBJ.TYPE> <OBJ.NAME> (COLUMN NAME.1 <DATATYPE>
(SIZE), COLUMN NAME.1 <DATATYPE> (SIZE) ……………………………);

QUERY: 01
SQL>CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER (4),
ENAME VARCHAR2 (10),
DESIGNATION VARCHAR2 (10),
SALARY NUMBER (8,2));
Table created.

QUERY: 02
Q2. Write a query to display the column name and datatype of the table
employee.

Syntax for describe the table:


SQL: DESC <TABLE NAME>;

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- -------------
EMPNO NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)

QUERY: 03
Q3. Write a query for create new table from an existing table with all the
fields

Syntax For Create A from An Existing Table With All Fields


SQL> CREATE TABLE <TRAGET TABLE NAME> SELECT * FROM
<SOURCE TABLE NAME>;

QUERY: 03
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP1 AS SELECT * FROM EMP;
Table created.

SQL> DESC EMP1


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)

QUERY: 04
Q4. Write a query for create new table from an existing table with selected
fields
Syntax For Create new table from An Existing Table With Selected
Fields
SQL> CREATE TABLE <TRAGET TABLE NAME> SELECT EMPNO, ENAME
FROM <SOURCE TABLE NAME>;

QUERY: 04
SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP2 AS SELECT EMPNO, ENAME FROM EMP;
Table created.

SQL> DESC EMP2


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------
EMPNO NUMBER (4)
ENAME VARCHAR2 (10)

ALTER & MODIFICATION ON TABLE


QUERY: 05
Q5. Write a Query to Alter the column EMPNO NUMBER (4) TO EMPNO
NUMBER
(6).
Syntax for Alter & Modify on a Single Column:
SQL > ALTER <TABLE NAME> MODIFY <COLUMN NAME> <DATATYPE>
(SIZE);
QUERY: 05
SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP MODIFY EMPNO NUMBER (6);
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(6)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)

QUERY: 06
Q6. Write a Query to Alter the table employee with multiple columns
(EMPNO,
ENAME.)
Syntax for alter table with multiple column:
SQL > ALTER <TABLE NAME> MODIFY <COLUMN NAME1> <DATATYPE>
(SIZE), MODIFY <COLUMN NAME2> <DATATYPE> (SIZE)
………………………………………….;
QUERY: 06
SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP MODIFY (EMPNO NUMBER (7), ENAME
VARCHAR2(12));
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2);

QUERY: 07
Q7. Write a query to add a new column in to employee
Syntax for add a new column:
SQL> ALTER TABLE <TABLE NAME> ADD (<COLUMN NAME> <DATA
TYPE> <SIZE>);

QUERY: 07
SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP ADD QUALIFICATION VARCHAR2(6);
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)
QUALIFICATION VARCHAR2(6)

QUERY: 08
Q8. Write a query to add multiple columns in to employee
Syntax for add a new column:
SQL> ALTER TABLE <TABLE NAME> ADD (<COLUMN NAME1> <DATA
TYPE> <SIZE>,(<COLUMN NAME2> <DATA TYPE> <SIZE>,
………………………………………………………………);
QUERY: 08
SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP ADD (DOB DATE, DOJ DATE);
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)
QUALIFICATION VARCHAR2(6)
DOB DATE
DOJ DATE

REMOVE / DROP
QUERY: 9
Q9. Write a query to drop a column from an existing table employee
Syntax for add a new column:
SQL> ALTER TABLE <TABLE NAME> DROP COLUMN <COLUMN NAME>;

QUERY: 9
SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP DROP COLUMN DOJ;
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- -------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)
QUALIFICATION VARCHAR2(6)
DOB DATE

QUERY: 10
Q10. Write a query to drop multiple columns from employee
Syntax for add a new column:
SQL> ALTER TABLE <TABLE NAME> DROP <COLUMN
NAME1>,<COLUMN NAME2>,…
………………………….. ;
QUERY: 10
SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP DROP (DOB, QUALIFICATION);
Table altered.

SQL> DESC EMP;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- --------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)

QUERY: 11
Q11. Write a query to rename table emp to employee
Syntax for add a new column:
SQL> ALTER TABLE RENAME <OLD NAME> TO <NEW NAME>

QUERY: 11
SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP RENAME EMP TO EMPLOYEE;

SQL> DESC EMPLOYEE;


Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- --------------
EMPNO NUMBER(7)
ENAME VARCHAR2(12)
DESIGNATIN VARCHAR2(10)
SALARY NUMBER(8,2)

Result: Various DDL commands has been executed

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