V2.

1
VIDEO PHOTOMETER
IMAGING LIGHT AND
COLOUR MEASURING TECHNIQUE
 LMK models
The centrepiece of the LMK family is the
luminance measuring camera type LMK 5,
using selected and matched CCD matrix
sensors made by Sony®.

The current available model types are LMK 5

and the LMK 5 color. LMK MODELS
The measurement system is compact and
the operation of the LMK 5 via Windows
OS operated PC is very simple and flexible.
The used PC interface works over GigaBit –
Ethernet connector.

For even more flexible and less stationary

applications, the LMK mobile air is avail-
able. It is based on high-quality digital single-
lens reflex cameras of the Canon EOS series.
Thus, the users have at their disposal a lumi-
nance measuring system which is easy to
operate and for solving mobile measuring
tasks.

LMK 5 color and LMK 5

LMK mobile air

08
 Introduction
The spatially resolved analysis of light sour-
ces and illuminated scenes is getting more
and more important. The complex evaluation
of those scenes requires the knowledge of
the luminance distribution within the whole
field of view or at least in many selected parts
of it. Solving the necessary measuring tasks
VIDEO PHOTOMETER
by point by point measuring either takes an IMAGING LIGHT AND COLOUR MEASURING TECHNIQUE
enormous amount of time or is only possible
within a coarse raster grid or is not possible
at all. Thus, the development of spatially
resolved radiation receivers, in particular
Advantages
CCD matrix cameras, has enabled the user complex evaluation of luminous and illuminated scenes by
to solve measuring problems such as means of the photograph of a spatially-resolved
measurements for glare evaluation accord- luminance distribution
ing to the UGR method, the analysis of simultaneous recording of a large number of connected
visibility conditions in the road traffic at measuring data
night, immission analyis of glare sources, easy data analysis at a glance
the determination of contrasts in illuminated
scenarios like workspaces or directly on light Result data
sources (e.g. lamps/ luminaires, displays,
night design, indicators). luminance distributions in measuring images L(x,y)
derived lighting-engineering parameters such as
measuring of luminous and illuminated illuminance distribution E(x,y) and luminous intensity
surfaces distribution I(x,y)
luminance data in various formats
determination of luminous and back- statistical data for being used in calculation programs
ground-lit symbols (e.g. EXCEL®, MatLAB®, LabVIEW®)
data for simulations in the development
of lamps, luminaires and headlamps Technical data
capturing of complex illumination and light Sensor:
distribution situations CCD - imaging matrix system
cataloguing and presentation 1380 x 1030 pixel or 2448 x 2050 pixel
Resolution (dynamic):
Single picture measurement: 1:1100 (~ 61 dB)
Multi picture measurement: 1:3600 (~ 71 dB)
High Dynamic measurement: 1:10000000 (~140 dB)
A/D conversion: 14 bit
Measurement time:
Starting with 1 sec. up to 15 sec. for different
luminances, depending on adjusted exposure time
Measurement accuracy:
∆L < 3 % (for standard illuminant A)
∆x,y < 0.0020 (for standard illuminant A)
Spectral matching:
with full size filter matched to V(λ)-function for
measuring luminances
arranged with X(λ)-, V(λ)- and Z(λ)-filter for
measuring colour values; additionally C(λ)-, V’(λ)-,
BLH (blue light hazard) and IR-filter are available

02
LMK
 Imaging measuring of
luminances
The measurement of luminance distributions
L(x,y) allows the complex evaluation of num-
erous lighting-engineering devices (lamps,
luminaires, projectors and light control sys-
tems), as well as the evaluation of illumination
APPLICATIONS scenes. The imaging luminance measuring
technology allows the acquisition of both
photometric parameters and geometrical
data, enabling the user to determine further
lighting-engineering quantities (luminous
intensity, illuminance).
For describing lighting-engineering objects,
not only simulation data but also various
measuring data are necessary:
description of luminous and illuminated
surfaces of lamps and lighting fixtures
by their luminance distributions L(x,y)
determination of contrasts and spatial
contrast rendering function (CRF)
deriving additional photometrical or
Luminance distribution recognition data throughout geometrical
analysis like illuminance, luminous
intensity or glare data
deducing the illuminance or luminous
intensity distribution (LID) on illuminated
surfaces (by use of diffuse Lambertian
reflectance and fixed geometrical setup)
by means of the luminance distribution

Colorimetric measuring data

The imaging measurement and determination
of colour and chromaticity values, for example
of lamps and lighting fixtures, is gaining more
and more importance. Using the LMK color
camera adapted to the colour matching
functions of the 2° CIE standard observer
(CIE 1931) by a filter wheel, not only lumi-
Daylight glare analysis on venetian blinds and sun shutters
nances but also tristimulus values can be
determined. This permits the imaging mea-
surement of chromaticity coordinates, which
can be given in different colour spaces.
Therefore it is possible to solve tasks a lot
faster compared to classical colour measur-
ing techniques.
describing the colour distribution on
Illuminance distribution luminous and illuminated surfaces or
symbols by means of the chromaticity
coordinates x,y
determining the dominant wavelength
λdom and the correlated colour tempera-
ture (CCT in Kelvin) of LEDs and lamps

LMK
Measurement of coloured LED

03
 Night vision design
The dashboard, cockpit and ambient night
vision design of the automotive and avionic
industry offers manifold applications for the
imaging luminance and colour measuring
technology.
brightness and uniformity of backlit sym-
bol illumination
APPLICATIONS
colour, colour rendering and colour shift
of functional backlit or ambient illumina-
tion
brightness, uniformity and contrasts on
screens and displays
For this purpose, TechnoTeam has designed
application adapted software tools for recor-
ding and determining low luminances of
smallest symbols.
Therefore the Symbol object measures the
mean luminance of backlit surfaces – using
adaptive algorithms to set a classifying lumi-
nance threshold, thus offering more adaptive
solutions.

Display analysis
The imaging light and colour measuring
technology is exceptionally well suited for
analysing or checking the rendering charac-
teristics and quality features of flat panel
displays (FPD).
checking the uniformity of backlit back-
ground luminance according to existing
standards
evaluating the angle-dependent contrast
distribution on FPD (by means of a
Conoscopic lens and Application close
software tool)
determining defect pixels of FPD
BlackMURA analysis according to German
Automotive OEM Work Group Displays
Sticking image analysis of FPD

Brightness and uniformity of backlit symbol illumination – symbol

Angular dependent
Bright image Dark image
contrast image

LMK
Angular contrast luminance and colour measurement

04
 Outdoor lighting
The LMK measuring system is very well
suited to make measurements in an urban
environment, on public places and spaces,
on roadways or any other artificially illu-
minated infrastructure in order to produce
APPLICATIONS data for checking and maintaining lighting
design.
checking the luminance, colour ren-
dering and colour shift of large luminous
boards and information carriers with
regard to their visibility and perceptibility
glare evaluation and determination of the
visibility distance of lighting installations
determination of the luminance distri-
bution according to DIN EN 13201 for
roadways
performing the L20 luminance measure-
ment of tunnel portals (CIE Publ. 88)
checking the recognizability of roadway
markings under varying weather condi-
tions
Used in a moving car the LMK camera
also allows for dynamic roadway luminance
analysis.

Indoor lighting
The LMK measuring system allows spatially
resolved measurements to verify existing
standards and design projects to be made
in a simple and fast way with regard to full
illumination, ergonomics and well-being.

evaluation of brightness and colour dis-

tribution and perception in rooms, offices
or other indoor spaces
glare evaluation on window surfaces, day-
light systems and artificial light sources
(GR, UGR, DGP)
determination of brightness dynamics
and contrast ratios (CRF)
Roadway analysis and L20 measurement of tunnel entrance determination of the horizontal illumi-
nance distribution related to ergonomic
and economic aspects of workplaces
and spaces
evaluation of circadian activation poten-
tials of artificial lighting with regard to
the health and well-being of humans
checking and maintaining emergency
and safety lighting according to existing
standards

LMK
UGR analysis of indoor lighting applications

05
 Measuring headlamps
Being the supplier of measuring equipment
for a large number of manufacturers of ligh-
ting and illumination devices and maintain-
ing close contacts to its scientific environment,
the TechnoTeam company has gained experi-
ence in handling both lowest and highest
luminances, thus is in a position to offer solu- APPLICATIONS
tions adapted to very special applications.
determination of the illuminance distribu-
tion on plane surfaces
calculation of the luminous intensity distri-
bution of headlamps
measurement of the colour scale and
colour deviations, e.g. on bright and
dark edges in the projected image of a
headlamp
verification and observance of guide-
lines for car headlamps by means of
prescribed measuring points (e.g. HV;
AK31; B50L and many more)
automatic alignment on measurement
grids and positioning of measurement
spots (automatic elbow-point detection)
calibrated for and supported by our pro-
ducts KMP and BV-Room

By means of the LMK camera, it is possible y

to take street lighting measurements also E(ϑ,φ)→E(x,y)
out of a car in motion.
refl. wall

I(ϑ,φ)
headlamp

aperture
LMK 5 color

Principle of a BV-Room

LMK
Measuring object – automotive headlamp

06
 Compact measuring
station KMP
The KMP is a realisation of the principle of
the indirect luminous intensity measurement
without the need of a specially adapted labo-
ratory room. A measuring object positioned in
front of the optical system of the KMP
KMP illuminates a reflective wall with Lambertian
characteristics, which is placed in the focal
plane of the optical system. Thus the reflec-
ted luminance distribution or colour distribu-
tion can be measured by using the LMK or
LMK color, inside the KMP. The optical
system of the KMP reduces the measuring
distance to less than 1 m while maintaining
the observance of the photometrical limiting
distance. The geometrical and photometric
relations between the light source (in spheri-
cal coordinates) and the reflective wall (in
camera coordinates) are known, therefore
the luminous intensity distribution I(ϑ, ϕ) can
be calculated automatically from the image
of the luminance L(x, y).

LMK 5 color y E(ϑ,φ)→E(x,y)

L(x,y)

I’(ϑ,φ)

triplet x

refl. wall
I(ϑ,φ) aperture
light source

Compact measuring station – KMP

LMK
Luminous intensity distribution

07
 LMK mobile air
Sensor
CMOS Canon APS-C
[ 5566 (H) x 3706 (V) ]
effective Pixel [ 2748 (H) x 1834 (V) ]

LMK MODELS (resolution of the luminance image)

[ 14 Bit RAW
data with Bayer structure, uncompressed ]
Dynamic range
The application of high-quality digital cameras in the LMK Single picture measurement [ SinglePic ]
system allows for easy and fast capturing of luminance [ 1:4000 (~60 dB) ]
images. For evaluating the images, the complete function- High Dynamic measurement [ HighDyn ]
ality of the LMK LabSoft software can also be utilized. [ 1:32000 (1/1250 sec. ≤ ti ≤ 8 sec) ]

Data transmission
SDHC memory card and/or USB 3.0

Metrological specifications
Spectral matching
[ numerical weighting of the RGB tristimulus
values (multiplying matrices) ]

Focal length / Visual field angle

FishEye:
Focal length [ 4.5mm: ca. 180°(circular) ]
Standard:
Focal length [ 17mm: ca. 74.6°(H) x 49,7°(H) ]
LMK mobile air Set
Focal length [ 50mm: ca. 27.8°(H) x 18.6°(H) ]
Tele:
Ti\Av 4 5,6 8 11 Focal length [ 70mm: ca. 14.6°(H) x 10°(H) ]
1 ms 6,6 7,0 7,2 7,8 Focal length [ 200mm: ca. 5,9°(H) x 3,9°(H) ]
2,5 ms 5,0 5,3 5,5 6,2
Selection of measuring range
25 ms 4,8 5,2 5,4 6,0
Selecting aperture,
0,25 s 4,8 5,2 5,4 6,0
exposure time and ISO speed.
2,5 s 4,8 5,2 5,4 6,0
Calibration uncertainty1
Table of measurement uncertainty for LMK mobile air
∆L [ < 2.5% ]

spectral matching EOS70D

Uniformity
1,0 ∆L [ < 2% ]
rel. spectral sensitivity

0,9

0,8
VL Fields of application
70D_rel
0,7 research and development (R&D) applications
0,6 solid state lighting (SSL) - outdoor/indoor
0,5
glare assessment
0,4

0,3 Fields of application

0,2
Can not be used for measuring
0,1
coloured light sources (e.g. LED)
0
380 430 480 530 580 630 680 730 780 Limited use for measuring modulated light
Lambda / nm
sources with strong modulation
Halogen metal discharge lamps 2-9%
High pressure sodium discharge lamp 7-13%
Fluorescent lamp 8-10%
LMK mobile air
LED white 5-12%
APP (iOS)

Quality of spectral matching of the LMK mobile air

Just install!
1 Calibration according to DIN 5032 Part 6 using a luminance standard led back from the Physical-Technical
Federal Institute

09
 LMK 5
Sensor
[ 14 Bit digital, progressive scan ]
LMK 5-1
CCD Sony [ ICX 285 AL (2/3") ]
effective Pixel [ 1380 (H) x 1030 (V) ]
LMK 5-5
LMK MODELS
CCD Sony [ ICX 655 AL (2/3") ]
effective Pixel [ 2448 (H) x 2050 (V) ]

Dynamic range
Single picture measurement (SinglePic)
[ 1:1100 (~61 dB) ]
Multi picture measurement (MultiPic;10 pics)
[ 1:3600 (~71 dB) ]
High Dynamic measurement
[ 1:10000000 (~140 dB) ] The LMK 5 is a digital CCD matrix camera system
equipped with a precise analogue electronic system for
Data transmission signal generation.
Each camera is equipped with carefully manufactured full
Gigabit Ethernet Interface(GigE®) filter in order to achieve a high-quality V(λ)-matching for
determining luminances.
Metrological specifications
V(λ) [ f1́ < 3.5%1 ]

Measuring quantities
Luminance [ L (cd/m²) ]
Further measuring quantities can optionally
be defined via scaling factors.

Measuring range
Setting the luminance measuring ranges by
choosing the integration time from
100 µs...15 s
Accuracy rating depending on lens
(aperture number = k), e.g.:
1ms ...appr. 1800 cd/m² & 3s ...appr. 0.6 cd/m²
(k = min.)
1ms ... 60000 cd/m² & 3s ... appr. 20 cd/m²
(k = max.)
Higher luminances can be achieved using
optional neutral density filters.

Calibration uncertainty2 LMK 5

fix focused lenses ∆L [ < 2% ]
focusable lenses ∆L [ < 2.5% ]

Repeatability3
∆L [ < 0.1% ]

Measuring accuracy
∆L [ < 3% (for standard illuminant A) ]

Uniformity
∆L [ < 2% ]

Fields of application
laboratory measurements, field
Spectral matching of the LMK 5
measurements, industry automation

1 Measurements according to DIN 5032 Part 6/CIE Pub. 69 | 2 Calibration according to DIN 5032 Part 6
using a luminance standard led back from the Physical-Technical Federal Institute | 3 Measurement
performed on a stabilized white LED light source L=100cd/m². Mean value over 100 Pixel; repeatability as
variability of the mean value.

10
 LMK 5 color
Sensor
[ 14 Bit digital, progressive scan ]
LMK 5-1 color
CCD Sony [ ICX 285 AL (2/3") ]
LMK MODELS effective Pixel [1380 (H) x 1030 (V)]
LMK 5-5 color
CCD Sony [ ICX 655 AL (2/3") ]
effective Pixel [2448 (H) x 2050 (V)]
Dynamic range
Color High Dynamic measurement
The LMK 5 color is equipped with a filter wheel for colour [ 1:10000000 (~140 dB) ]
measurements, adapted to the colour matching functions of
the 2° CIE standard observer (CIE 1931). Data transmission
Thus, luminances and additional colour or chromaticity data
Gigabit Ethernet Interface(GigE®)
can be measured. The filter wheel allows a total of 6 full
glass filters to be incorporated, with 4 filters being nec- Metrological specifications
essary for the colour measurement.
V(λ) [ f1́ < 3.5%1 ]; X(λ) [ f*1 < 4% ]
In addition, the measuring system can also be equipped Z(λ) [ f*1 < 6% ]; V´(λ) [ f*1 < 6% ]
with filters for the scotopic luminance V´(λ), the circadian
Measuring quantities
function of action C(λ), an IR - filter (measurements in the
NIR range 780-1000 nm) a BLH (blue light hazard), or a Luminance: L (cd/m²), chromaticity
clear glass filter. coordinates: x,y, Supported colour spaces:
RGB, XYZ, sRGB, EBU-RGB, User, Lxy,
Luv, Lu’v’, L*u*v*, C*h*s*uv, L*a*b*, C*h*ab,
HIS, HSV, HSL, WST2
Further measuring quantities can optionally
be defined via scaling factors.
Measuring range
Setting the luminance measuring ranges by
choosing the integration time from
100 µs...15 s
Accuracy rating depending on lens
(aperture number = k), e.g.:
1ms ...appr.7500 cd/m² & 3 s ...appr. 2.5 cd/m²
(k = min.)
1ms ... 60000 cd/m² & 3 s ...appr. 20 cd/m²
(k = max.)
Higher luminances can be achieved using
optional neutral density filters.

LMK 5 color
Calibration uncertainty3
fix focused lenses ∆L [ < 2% ]
focusable lenses ∆L [ < 2.5% ]
Repeatability4
∆L [ < 0.1% ]
∆x,y [ < 0,0001 ]
Measuring accuracy
∆L [ < 3% (for standard illuminant A) ]
∆x,y [ < 0.0020 (for standard illuminant A) ]
∆x,y [ < 0.0100 (set of test colours)5 ]
Uniformity
∆L [ < 2% ]

Spectral matching of the LMK 5 color Fields of application

laboratory measurements, field
1 Measurements according to DIN 5032 Part 6/CIE Pub. 69 | 2 Dominant wavelength, saturation, correlated
color temperature | 3 Calibration according to DIN 5032 Part 6 using a luminance standard led back from
measurements, industry automation
the Physical-Technical Federal Institute | 4 Measurement performed on a stabilized white LED light source
L=100cd/m². Mean value over 100 Pixel; repeatability as variability of the mean value. | 5 Measured value
based on 30 test colors with different spectral distributions based on ROSCO color filters

11
 LMK LabSoft software
Additionally to all camera systems of the LMK
family, the LMK LabSoft is supplied.
The measuring software offers a large num-
ber of possible applications when using the
luminance measuring systems, as well as for
data evaluation and processing.
Ease of operation is guaranteed to the user
SOFTWARE
through the integration of task-specific cap-
ture functions.
SinglePic-capture - allows a luminance
image to be taken very quickly.
MultiPic-capture - allows the repeated cap-
ture of several single images so as to eli-
minate statistical measuring errors through
averaging.
HighDyn-algorithm - allows the capture of a
luminance image composed of single im-
ages at various integration times so as to
realize a higher dynamic range.
For the visualization of the measuring results,
the user can choose, among other things,
from a freely scalable pseudocolouring as
well as several logarithmic representations.
Pre-made and freely scalable point, line,
circular and rectangular cursors allow the
measuring data to be accessed in a quick
and flexible way. The definition of measuring
regions by means of geometrical basic shapes
facilitates the evaluation process. In addi-
tion, they provide many auxiliary means for Sectional view statistic tool in LMK LabSoft
the statistical evaluation of the data (tables,
sectional diagrams, histograms, and photo-
metric evaluation algorithms).
Furthermore, the software offers a function
for an automatical detection of regions by
means of luminances. This is both useful and
advantageous for detecting complex geo-
metrical structures.
An integrated report function allows for the
export of measurement and evaluation data
to MS Word® and MS Excel®. Thus it offers a Luminance image (left) and statistical symbol detection (right)
simple and comfortable way for communicat-
ing and sharing measurement results.
Furthermore a standard or individual printing
template can be created for report printing.
The LMK LabSoft software provides a
big variety of data formats for the export and
import of image and measuring data, for
example for MATLAB®, LabVIEW® and
SPEOS®. The data exchange with Microsoft
Office® products and other software programs
is ensured by functions of the Windows®
clipboard.

LMK
3D view of luminance drawing in LMK LabSoft

12
 LMK LabSoft color
software package
With the LMK LabSoft color the com-
plete functionality of the luminance measur-
ing software LMK LabSoft is available
for the assessment of chromaticity values
out of three channel colour images. The mea-
SOFTWARE sured X,Y,Z colour values can be converted
into different colour spaces (e.g. RGB, XYZ,
sRGB, EBU-RGB, Lxy, Luv, L*a*b*, HIS, HSV).
In case of measuring LEDs or lamps a colour
space showing the dominant wavelength, the
colour saturation and the correlated colour
temperature is available. It is possible to cal-
culate colour distances and colour differ-
ences in several colour spaces.
With the colour symbol object-chromaticity co-
ordinates can be matched to their luminance
levels. So it is easier to detect regions for a
colourimetric evaluation (e.g. backlit symbols)
with respect to a luminance threshold.
Colour evaluation of a backlit symbol (point density mode) The user can exert an influence on the cali-
bration data and change the algebra of ma-
trices. Therefore it is possible to adjust the
LMK system for an own colour space or for
balancing the LMK system with own refer-
ence quantities. In this way the spectral
matching can be adapted to specific mea-
surement tasks (e.g. LED measurements).
Throughout the measurement in several
channels X, Y, Z and V´(λ) and optional C(λ)
or BLH (Blue Light Hazard) and the subse-
quent image processing different radiation
measurements for different perception mo-
dels can be made (e.g. mesopic brightness
perception).

LMK LabSoft extended

software package
Chromaticity diagram in LMK LabSoft color With this version of the LMK LabSoft
software the possibilities for an interaction
and automation of the image processing
procedures are rapidly increased. By using
an ActiveX® Interface the LMK LabSoft
and its essential functionalities can be con-
trolled by several other software applica-
tions. The assessement of the image and
measurement data can be done directly via
the host application. Therefore, the software
can easily be integrated into existing work-
flows.

LMK
Automation and control of the LMK LabSoft via ActiveX®

13
 Version packages of
LMK LabSoft
LMK LabSoft
With the measurement and analysis software
LMK LabSoft TechnoTeam provides a
consistently ongoing analysis software de-
velopment. This can be seen as the result of
an intensive exchange of experience with SOFTWARE
our customers and so we can enhance our
evaluation functionalities continously. Thus
the functionalities for the documentation and LMK LMK
the reporting of the measurement results are Software functionality LabSoft LabSoft
now totally compatible with MS Office®. simple
Our customers can directly profit from this Image capture
development during the whole life-time of Live image (grey scale value) x x
their LMK systems with free of charge Exposure adjustment x x
software updates.
Image capture x x
(SinglePic, MultiPic, HighDyn, Color HighDyn)
LMK LabSoft simple Capturing modulated light x x
The LMK LabSoft simple package Live luminance image
x
SinglePic, HighDyn, Color HighDyn
offers a measurement system which includes
Capturing measurement series
the known camera hardware in combination (manual, time controlled, mechanical controlled)
x
with only essential software components at Representation of images
a lower price. (Pseudo-colours, ISO colours, scaling)
x x
Therefore, all video photometer systems can Working with images
x x
be equipped with the LMK LabSoft simple (load, save, delete, copy, print)
software. This software is reduced to several Displaying measuring values by means of cursors
x x
selected basic functionalities. (standard, rectangle, circle, line, circular ring, cross, zoom)
Measurement regions
(load, save, copy, paste, group, print)
x x

Measuring value indication using inspectors

Standard statistics
(standard evaluation, histogram, sectional view, time
statistics, luminance object, integral object, symbol object,
x x
arc object, filament object)
Report function
(create, load, save, print)
x x

Evaluation images and image processing x x

Additional evaluation images 1 N

Physical parameters and units x x
Assigning list of regions x
Assigning image tab windows x
Image arithmetics x
Coordinate transformation x
Projective rectification - orthophotographs x x
ISO lines in luminance images x x
Colour images and colour metrics
Colour space and measuring values x x
Calculation of colour differences x x
Decomposition of colour images into colour x
extract images
Composition of colour extract images into colour x
images
Test colour images x
Measurement protocols x x
(create, load, save, comments)
Automation via ActiveX®
ActiveX® programming interface  
Running IPED – autom. image processing macros 
Additional software addon 
Motor control 

LMK
BlackMURA - display measurement 
Sticking image – display analysis 
LID – luminous intensity distribution measurement 
CCM – conoscopic contrast measurement 
EN13201 – street analysis 

x available  optional available

14
 LMK LabSoft AddOn
user application software
For more frequent applications with complex
analysis steps TechnoTeam developed a
number of additional and optional software
tools for LMK LabSoft. Thus the user
has a fast and easy access on specific mea-
SOFTWARE surement results and data. LMK LabSoft
AddOn are not available for the LMK
LabSoft simple version. Some of them
are free of charge.
LMK BlackMURA supplies the ana-
lysis of display screen quality according
to the black-level uniformity.
Thus the package is providing an exten-
sion to the functions of the LMK
LabSoft for realising a gradient filter
detection of particular non-uniformity on
the display screen.
LMK Sticking image supplies the
analysis of display screen quality accord-
ing to the three-level burn-in method
developed by Dr. Lauer.
LMK Conoscopic contrast mea-
surement - CCM
The software package allows the user to
perform the application of angular con-
trast determination of display in an easy
way. It provides the capability of H/V
angular coordinates conversion as well
as the definition of measurement regions
Gradient image for the uniformity Perpendicular display analysis for and points in the ϑ,ϕ and ϑH, ϑV angular
evaluation (different display). BlackMURA of FPD
coordinate system.
LMK motor controls allows the
control and automation of external
motion units. Several control standards
via RS232 interface are implemented.

BlackMURA uniformity analysis for automotive display

Luminance image for sticking image Luminance image for sticking image
measurement (burn in). measurement (initial relaxation image).

Sticking image analysis for automotive display

θV
φ

ϑ
θH

LMK
Spherical coordinates (ϑ, φ) Viewing angle coordinates (θH, θV)

Conoscopic controst measurement – H/V transfomation

15
 LMK LabSoft-AddOn
user application software
For more frequent applications with complex
analysis steps TechnoTeam developed a
number of additional and optional software
tools for LMK LabSoft. Thus the user
has a fast and easy access on specific mea-
surement results and data. LMK LabSoft
AddOn's are not available for the LMK SOFTWARE
LabSoft simple version. Some of them
are free of charge.

LMK LID analysis is an additional function-

ality for analysing luminous intensity distribu-
tions especially of headlamps. It enables the
user to transform the measured luminance
image into the corresponding luminous in-
tensity or illuminance distribution. Here the
illuminance can be determined either on a
plane (e.g. on a projection wall located at a
distance of 10 m) or on a hemisphere (e.g.
25 m radius for ECE).
LMK EN13201 street analysis is an
additional package for measuring road ligh-
ting in a fast and easy way. The user is able
to acquire all parameters necessary for the
DIN EN 13201 standard by one single
capture. The measured luminance values
will then be processed by the software for LID analysis
further use. Also the user is able to deter-
mine important quantities such as the
vertical illuminance, the solid angle of the
glare source, and the veiling luminance
according to common standards. Therefore
the disability glare for road lighting condi-
tions can be calculated - Threshold incre-
ment (TI).

LMK UGR contains a data package which

allows the fast and easy assessment of
UGR parameters. Using the software, the
user is able to determine glare entrance
quantities such as the glare and the adapta-
EN13201 street analysis
tion luminance level, the vertical illuminance,
the solid angle and the position index of the
glare sources.
Based on these quantities the unified glare
rating (UGR) and almost all other glare sen-
sations can be calculated.

LMK
UGR analysis

16
 Lenses
Various focusable lenses with a fixed aper-
ture for different focal lengths f´= 8 mm, 16mm,
25 mm, 50 mm are on offer. These lenses have
a low stray light level. They are individually
set and optimized by TechnoTeam for the
ACCESSOIRES application of the customer. For an integra-
tion time of 3 sec., the sensitivity of these
lenses is up to 1cd/m² measurement range
end value. Furthermore all those lenses can
be ordered with a fix focus for fixed mea-
surement distances.
min. measuring least field field of view with field of view with
aperture distance least field of view of view a distance of a distance of
(f=mm) (mm) (circa) (mm x mm) 500 mm 1000 mm

8 500 60°(H) x 56°(V) 520 x 390 520 x 390 1125 x 845

Special imaging systems
16 185 30°(H) x 22°(V) 85 x 64 270 x 203 540 x 407 For small object fields or tasks with high
25 220 20°(H) x 15°(V) 58 x 44 160 x 120 360 x 275 magnifying a various set of of macro lenses
is available. With a modular construction
50 280 10°(H) x 7°(V) 32 x 23 75 x 56 160 x 120
system TechnoTeam is able to realise many
different small object fields at various dis-
tances.
Further lens solutions with other viewing types can be realized on request.

The hemispherical lens allows the capture of

an object field at a field angle of ±92°. This
FishEye lens can be used for capturing
complex illumination situations, for example
in the case of the evaluation of interiors.

For determining the radiation characteristic

in a smaller field of view, for example for
determining the angle-dependent contrast of
displays, the hypercentric conoscopic lens is
offered. It can be used to record the lumi-
nance within an angular range of ± 60° of the
object.
Available lenses for LMK 5

Neutral density filters

ND-filters with different transmissions ranging
from 0.5 … 0.00001 enhance the measure-
ment range of the CCD camera to be
increased for the measurement of very high
luminances.

Spectral matching filters

Hemispheric fisheye lens (left) and hemispheric image made with LMK 5
TechnoTeam does already offer the following
spectral matching filters functions: C(λ); V'(λ);
BLH; IR 780 and IR 715 for built inside the
LMK 5 color.

LMK
Special imaging systems - Conoscopic lens and Macro lens (left) and LMK

1 measuring distance = lens - leasing edge of camera

17
 L3- standard
With the L3-standard TechnoTeam offers
coloured standards for Luminance, Luminous
flux and Luminous intensity based on LED.
The stability of the photometric quantities is
achieved through a temperature control
containing a Peltier device and an intensity
control containing a spectrally matched photo- ACCESSOIRES
diode. In the closed housing, which has an
exchangeable end cover, a pre-aged and
selected high-power LED is used for each
L3-standard operated at about 2/3 of the
rated current.
high stability of the luminance (<1%/100h)
high stability of the dominant wavelength/
colour (<1nm/100h)
stable function independent of the room
temperature (15°C up to 30°C)
homogeneous luminance across the out-
let opening (<2% inhomogenity)
standard equipment in red, green, blue, L3-standard with optional accessories
yellow, orange, white
USB interface for reading the current
operation status (serial number, working
hours, temperature, …)
In addition to the standard colours, also
other colours can be supplied on customer’s
request. For this, the customer shall select,
in cooperation with the TechnoTeam, the
type of LED.
For each L3-standard TechnoTeam pro-
vides a certification for the factory calibration.
For the traceability of the photometric data of
the LED luminance standards it is possible to
calibrate the devices at a national metrology
institute (e.g. PTB (D) or METAS (CH)).

Battery Pack
For extending the running time and making the
LMK 5 more flexible in use the Battery Pack
is available. The stable housing can be moun- Different views of a LID measured with a crown cover
ted directly and carries an battery that can
deliver the LMK 5 up to 6 hours with elec-
trical power.

LMK
Battery Pack mounted on LMK 5 color

18
 Movement unit
Using a stationary movement unit for the
handling of the LMK 5 camera enables
the user to place the LMK with a high
accuracy and reproducibility towards the
object to be measured.
AUTOMATION TechnoTeam offers a range of linear, rotating
and turning axis movement units.

The motor and motion control of the move-

ment unit can fully be integrated to the
LMK LabSoft software using the LMK
Motor control software (see page 15).

LMK
LMK 5 color with 5 axis movement unit

19
 LMK & ROBFLOW®
New Measuring Robotics
System
The LMK 5 camera device and the
ROBFLOW® software means a combination
of an Imaging Luminance Measuring Photo-
meter with a Measuring Robotics System for
the determination and analysis of objective
quality characteristics in brightness, colour and
other visibility or recognition requirements. The MEASURING-ROBOTIC
ROBFLOW® software is designed for high
quality industrial robots of several manufac-
turers, provides freely programmable move-
ment curves with haptic control and regulation
to ensure a broad range of applications and
provides the user with highest possible flexi-
bility in its functions.

Robotic measuring components for luminance

and colour measurement:

Robotic arm with control interface

LMK colorimeter or photometer
Measuring-robotic software ROBFLOW®

Multi-sensor fitting for efficient testing pro-

cesses:

LMK colorimeter or photometer for

optical backlit symbol or display testing
Force-Feedback sensor for haptic testing
Laser line sensor for mechanical profile
and slit dimension control
Acoustic sensor for testing haptic noises

LMK 5 color and optical test equipment

LMK
LMK 5 color mounted on LBR light-weight robotic arm

20
 Light Checker
using LMK in automation
The Light Checker software is a semi-auto-
matic stand-alone system for quality manage-
ment inside or at the end of a production line.

AUTOMATION Symbol Checker

The application enables the user to auto-
matically measure mean, maximum and the
minimum luminance of an automatically
detected symbol. By using the integrated
symbol teaching, the user can create refer-
ence symbol data to determine symbol quality:

Average of luminance: as an average

value for the automatically detected
complete backlit symbol
Uniformity: is calculated with the mini-
mum, average value and maximum of the
luminance within the symbol, determined
with a measuring spot of a variable pixel-
size.
Position: as the average of the segment
centroids, calculated out of the contour
of the segment. The determination of the
contour is sub pixel exact.
Structure width: geometrical measure-
ment of symbol segments with parallel
outer lines. With the calculated distances
over an iterative calculated average value
the structure width of the symbol is
determined.
Symbol quality: percentage matching
of the symbol with the recognized re-
ference pattern.

LED Checker
The application enables the user to auto-
matically measure luminance of LEDs and
also colour distance between the LEDs. For
several applications, like emergency lights,
the measurement results of each LED is of
Symbol Checker of backlit symbols interest:

Average of luminance: as an average

value for the automatically measured
light source
Colour and chromaticity: colour data in
manifold color spaces for classifying LED
Position: as the average of the segment
centroids, calculated out of the contour
of the segment.

LMK
LED and halogen spot lamps

21
 Light Checker
Using LMK in automation
The Light Checker Software is a semiauto-
matic stand-alone system for quality manage-
ment inside or at the end of a production line.

LID Checker
AUTOMATION
The application is especially designed for mea-
suring headlamps and is available with our
products compact measuring station KMP
and BV-Room. TechnoTeam provides an
interactive user interface for applying test speci-
fications in automated measurements. It is
possible to define various measurement re-
gions including their tolerance values. Algo-
rithms for automated elbow point detection and
ReAim are included. In addition, the resulting
measurement values can be summarized in LMK 5 color y E(ϑ,φ)→E(x,y)
individual protocols. The LID Checker also L(x,y)

supports the TCP/IP interface for the commu-

nication with a process control system for fully
automatic measurements: I’(ϑ,φ)

triplet x

Luminous intensity distribution: Available I(ϑ,φ)

refl. wall

for fixed geometry and angular distribution light source aperture

ranges
Measurement Regions: verification and
observance of guidelines for car head-
lamps by means of prescribed measuring
points e.g. HV; AK31; B50L and many Compact measuring station – KMP
more

Display Checker
The application enables the user to auto-
matically measure display uniformity, mean,
maximum and minimum luminance:

BlackMURA analysis AddOn: Enables

the user to additionally get the gradient
image of the measured display and the
BlackMura value, which equals the maxi-
mum gradient.
Sticking image analysis AddOn: Fea- Measuring object – airfield lighting
tures essential functions for applying mea-
surement series and regions for analysing
the sticking image phenomena.

LMK
Measuring object – automotive head lamp

22
 Programming interface
LMK LabSoft extended
The LMK LabSoft extended has an
ActiveX ® interface available and can be
controlled by a host application with ActiveX®
capability (e.g. MS Excel®, LabView®,
MATLAB®). In this way it is possible to use the
SOFTWARE functionality of the LMK LabSoft as a
server for other applications.

All capturing modes will be provided: capturing

Live camera images; SinglePic-, Multi- Pic-
and HighDyn-algorithm for the capturing and
calculation of luminance images; Colour-High-
Dyn-algorithm for calculation of colour values
by using a TechnoTeam LMK 5 color filter
camera.

By using the interface all statistical operators

e.g. luminance, integral and symbol object
are available. So directly after the image
capturing the currently measured data can
be imported into the host application e.g.
Excel spread sheet analysis. In addition it is
possible to open and save already prepared
Automation and control of the LMK LabSoft via ActiveX® protocol files with parameterised statistic
objects via ActiveX®.
On customer request it is possible to extend
the interface to all functions of the functional-
ity provided in the interactive use of the
LMK LabSoft.

LMK
Automation and control of the LMK LabSoft via ActiveX®

23
 V2.1

VIDEO PHOTOMETER
References (abstract)
Adam Opel AG l Audi AG l BMW AG l Daimler AG l
Dr. -Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG l Ford AG l SEAT, S.A. l Presented by:
ŠKODA AUTO a.s.l VW AG ll ALPINE ELECTRONICS
GmbH l Automotive Lighting GmbH l Behr-Hella
Thermocontrol GmbH l Blaupunkt GmbH l Bosch-
Gruppe Motometer GmbH l Continental Automotive
AG l Delphi Packard Deutschland GmbH l DST
Dräxlmaier Systemtechnik GmbH l Goodrich Lighting
Systems GmbH l Hella KG Hueck & Co. l Leopold
Kostal GmbH l Marquardt GmbH l TRW Automotive
Electronics & Components & Co. KG l Valeo Auto-
Electric Hungary LLC l VISTEON Deutschland GmbH
l Ansorg GmbH l AE Austria Email l Lehner WerkMetall
Jürgen Lehner GmbH l D. Swarovski & Co. Lichtlabor
l Diemer & Fastenrath OHG l GE Hungary ZRt. l
OSHINO Lamps GmbH l OSRAM GmbH l OSRAM
Opto Semiconductors GmbH & Co. OHG l Philips
GmbH l Philips Lighting B.V. l RZB-Leuchten l TRILUX-
LENZE GmbH+Co. KG l Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik
GmbH l Zumtobel GmbH l BOE-LA Siebdrucktechnik
GmbH l Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH l Braun
GmbH l Cherry GmbH l Comtronic GmbH l Fresnel
Optics GmbH l Hella Aerospace GmbH l Optrex Europe
GmbH l Siemens AG l BGIA Berufsgenossen-
schaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit l HVBG
TechnoTeam Bildverarbeitung GmbH
Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossen-
schaften e.V. l Fraunhofer Institut Solare Energie- Werner-von-Siemens-Str. 5
systeme l VBG Verwaltungsberufsgenossenschaft l 98693 Ilmenau
Autobahnamt Thüringen l BASt Bundesanstalt für GERMANY
Straßenwesen l LANUV Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt
und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen l Magistrat Tel. +49 3677 4624 0
der Stadt Wien l METAS Bundesamt für Metrologie Fax +49 3677 4624 10
(CH) l BTU Cottbus l Carl-v.-Ossietzky Universität
Oldenburg l EFI Trontheim l ETH Zürich Institut für
[email protected]
Hygiene und Arbeitsphysiologie l FH Aachen Solar
Institut Jülich l FH Biberach l FH Göttingen l FH
Jena l Technische Universität Berlin l Technische
Universität Dresden l Technische Universität, Ilmenau
l Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg l Universität
Dortmund l Universität Paderborn l Universität Teheran www.TechnoTeam.de