Scribd
Upload
5 views4 pages

Nothing HHHHHH

The document outlines Lecture 2 of Stat 102, focusing on frequency and descriptive measures using survival time data from mice. It includes examples of stem-and-leaf displays, frequency tables, and histograms, explaining concepts such as frequency, cumulative frequency, relative frequency, and mode. Additionally, it provides practice questions and exercises for students to apply the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

vfhgsjykz4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views4 pages

Nothing HHHHHH

The document outlines Lecture 2 of Stat 102, focusing on frequency and descriptive measures using survival time data from mice. It includes examples of stem-and-leaf displays, frequency tables, and histograms, explaining concepts such as frequency, cumulative frequency, relative frequency, and mode. Additionally, it provides practice questions and exercises for students to apply the concepts learned.

Uploaded by

vfhgsjykz4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Course: Stat 102

Instructor: Prof. Ahmad Soltani

Lecture 2:

Frequency and Descriptive Measures

Example 1 Continues: A number of 23 mice are subjected to a deadly injection. The


variable of interest is:
x: the survival time, in minutes, for a mouse.

Stem-and-Leaf Display:

stem Leaf frequency


0 1 4 5 7 7 7 8 7
1 0 1 4 8 4
2 2 2 2 6 8 5
3 1 1 6 6 8 5
4 0 8 2
Data (sample):
31, 40, 1, 22, 22, 7, 4, 10, 18, 38
5, 8, 22, 14, 26, 48, 36, 31, 28, 7
36, 11, 7

Ordered Data:
1, 4, 5, 7, 7, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 18, 22, 22, 22, 26, 28,
31, 31, 36, 36, 38, 40, 48

Frequency: The frequency of a value or datum is number of times that the value ap-
pears in the data.
Frequency is also called count.
Frequency of an Interval is the number of values that fall in the interval.

Practice: What is frequency of 22? Answer: 3


What is frequency of values less than 25? Answer: 14
What is the frequency of values greater than 34? Answer: 5
What is frequency of values between 12 and 38 (included)? answer: 12

f requency
relative frequency = ; always relative frequency is between 0 and 1.
total

Class and Frequency Table:

class frequency relative fr. cumulative fr. relative cum-fr note


0–<10 7 7/23 7 7/23 mode
10–<20 4 4/23 11 11/23 N
20–<30 5 5/23 16 16/23 N
30–<40 5 5/23 21 21/23 N
40–<50 2 2/23 23 1 correct
Total 23 1 N N N

Cumulative Frequency of a class is the frequency of that class plus the frequencies of the
classes prior to that class.
Cumulative frequency of the last class = Total.
Cumulative frequency is related to the distribution function.
Relative Frequency is related to the density function.

Mode: A value that has the most frequency is called ”mode”


Class Mode: It is a class with most frequency.
No Mode: If all the values have the same frequency.
In this case every value is a mode.
In the example, there are two modes: 7 and 22; this is a bimodal case. The class 0− < 10
has the most frequency among other classes. So is the class mode.
Frequency Histogram:
Classes in order sit on the x-axis. A column is made on the top of the class. The height of
the column is the frequency of the class.

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50

there is a column on top of a class, the height of the column is the frequency of the class.

Cumulative Frequency Histogram:

25

20

15

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50

Frequency Polygon: make a mark on the middle of the top edge of each column, then
join the marks....

Similarly we can plot relative frequency histogram and relative cumulative frequency his-
togram.
In relative frequency histogram, as well as the r.c.f. histogram, the y range is from 0 to 1.
Relative Frequency Histogram:

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 10 20 30 40 50

Exercise 2. Produce the corresponding frequency table for the data in Exercise 1. Then
Plot frequency histogram, cumulative frequency histogram and relative frequency histogram.
Also specify the mode and the class mode.

You might also like