-

Carbon & Hybridization 24

Carbon
G
C
Carbon Carbon is tetravalent
What is Carbon ? 12 017
.

-
~ tends to prefer to share , not transfer
> covalent bonding is prevalent
·
c.
· 4 limited bond for C S P D F

↓ one 2) ene 3) yue Co ·

Bonds -'
I
-

i =
-
I

Ge most
node

*
&
less
3 Z L
node
stable
Stable the more
SP SP
Jess
I bond Spond 3 bond space
the more node >
-
it is squished .

25 22p2
volence electrons capable of bonding , but they are different
↑ ↑ energies. For bonds to form electrons must be
,
on 1v1
the same .
Is 2p2

2px2 2py2 2 D22 Carbon's electron configuration is 19's 2p2

↑↓
↑↓
2s2 152 I
S bond t =

SP Hybridization 24x2 zpy

↑
2 D22
>
Mixing all four orbitals together
equal together result in SP3 hybirdiza
-
25 2p Sp3

is it
↑
↑↓
ex 3
spe tion perfect for single (ane) bonds
,
.

2s2

It *
knowing the shape is important.

4/4 =
sp3 -> single bond .

Unhybridized p orbitals for

Extra elect on storage
↑
zPxz i Mixing 44 orbitals together equals -
of f
>
2py2 2 D22 -
↑↓ mix
P
in sphybridization , perfect for triple(yne)
co
H

GeGe
2s2
sp bond C H
-
↑↓

-
B.
⑧ B ·
side to side

sp2 :
ene
↑ ↑

Head to head 3/4

"To

SP Hybridization
summary :
sp sp2 SP

Tetrahedral Trigonakland
Linear & 2

Ginge e
+
I
188 & "/4 3/4
bond
Head to
The shortest
head Heat to heat
,
No side 2 side