Bools 1
Bools 1
What is Boolean
algebra?
Representation of Boolean
Expression and Function
Sum of Products (SOP) form
It is an expression that results from two or
more product terms, which are summed by
Boolean addition
Example: AB + BC
F(A,B) = AB’ + A’B’
Representation of Boolean
Expression and Function
Product of Sums (POS) form
It is an expression that results from two or
more sum terms, which are multiplied by
Boolean multiplication.
Example: (A+B)(A+C)
F(A,B,C) = (A+C’) (A’+B’+ C)
Representation of Boolean
Expression and Function
Exercises: Inspect each of these Boolean expressions,
and determine whether each one is a sum of
products, or a product of sums:
(B+C’+D)(A’+B)
AB’C’+A’BC
(X+Y’+Z’)(Y’+Z)(X’+Y)
M’N’O’+MNO’+MN’O
Representation of Boolean
Expression and Function
Truth table is a table that contains all possible values
of logical variables/statements in a Boolean
expression.
List all possible combinations of 0's and 1's assigned to
variables
No. of possible combination = 2n
where n=number of variables used in a Boolean
expression.
Truth Table
Boolean Operators
Truth
table for the Boolean NOT
operator
A A’
0 1
1 0
Boolean Operators
Truth
table for the Boolean AND
operator
A B A⋅B = AB
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
Boolean Operators
Truth
table for the Boolean OR
operator
A B A+ B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
Boolean Operators
The truth table for AB + C is as follows:
A B C AB AB + C
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 1
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 0 1
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
Boolean
Operators X Y Z Y' XY' X' X’Z
F = XY’+
X’Z
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1
Truth table for
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
F = XY’ + X’Z
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Exercise
X'
X
Basic Logic Gates
Y
X+Y OR Gate: it accepts
as input values of 2
or more Boolean
variables.
The output is the
Boolean sum of their
values
The output is always
1 if one of the inputs
is 1.
Basic Logic Gates
x1
x2 x1 + x2 + …+ xn
…
xn
29
Combinations of Gates
X’
X
Y X’Y
X XY
Y
XY + X’Y
X’
X’Y
1. (X + Y) X’
2. X’ ( Y + Z’)’
3. (X + Y + Z) (X’Y’ + Z)