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The study guide covers fundamental concepts in computer science, including definitions of key terms such as algorithms, data representation, and artificial intelligence. It outlines the importance of computer science, characteristics of algorithms, and the role of system software and networking. Additionally, it provides insights into programming languages, encryption, and notable figures in the field like Grace Hopper.

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9 views

Study_Guide_Quizlet_Formatted

The study guide covers fundamental concepts in computer science, including definitions of key terms such as algorithms, data representation, and artificial intelligence. It outlines the importance of computer science, characteristics of algorithms, and the role of system software and networking. Additionally, it provides insights into programming languages, encryption, and notable figures in the field like Grace Hopper.

Uploaded by

epicvideos2000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Study Guide for Fall 2024 - Quizlet Format

Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Science

Q: What is computer science?

A: The study of computers, computation, and data processing.

Q: What is the scope and importance of computer science?

A: It involves solving problems, designing systems, and understanding the nature of computation.

Q: Define "computation."

A: The process of performing mathematical calculations or processing data.

Chapter 2: Algorithms

Q: What is an algorithm?

A: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task.

Q: What are the characteristics of an algorithm?

A: Finiteness, definiteness, input, output, and effectiveness.

Q: Name two common types of algorithms.

A: Sorting and searching algorithms.


Chapter 3: Algorithms and Efficiency

Q: What is Big O notation?

A: A way to describe the efficiency and time complexity of an algorithm.

Q: What does "time complexity" refer to?

A: The amount of time it takes for an algorithm to complete as a function of the input size.

Chapter 4: Data Representation

Q: How is data represented in computers?

A: Using binary code (0s and 1s) and other base systems like hexadecimal.

Q: What is the difference between ASCII and Unicode?

A: ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits to represent characters, while Unicode can use up to 32 bits to represent a

wider range of characters.

Chapter 5: Von Neumann Architecture

Q: What are the main components of the Von Neumann architecture?

A: CPU, memory, control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and the bus system.

Q: What is the role of the CPU?

A: To perform calculations and execute instructions.


Chapter 6: System Software

Q: What is an operating system?

A: Software that manages hardware resources and provides services to other software.

Q: Define "kernel" and "shell."

A: The kernel is the core part of an OS, managing resources, while the shell is a user interface for

accessing OS services.

Chapter 7: Networking

Q: What is TCP/IP?

A: A set of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.

Q: What is the function of a router?

A: To direct data between different networks.

Chapter 8: Information Security

Q: What is encryption?

A: The process of encoding information so that only authorized parties can access it.

Q: What is SSL?

A: Secure Sockets Layer, a protocol for establishing encrypted links between a web server and a

browser.
Chapter 9: High-Level Programming

Q: What is a high-level programming language?

A: A programming language that is closer to human language and abstracted from machine code.

Q: Define "syntax" in programming.

A: The set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols considered correctly structured

programs.

Chapter 10: Programming Languages

Q: What is the difference between object-oriented and functional programming?

A: Object-oriented programming focuses on objects and data, while functional programming

emphasizes functions and immutability.

Chapter 15: Artificial Intelligence

Q: What is artificial intelligence?

A: The simulation of human intelligence in machines.

Q: What are expert systems in AI?

A: AI systems that mimic decision-making abilities of a human expert.

Extra Credit Tips

Q: How does the Caesar Cipher work?

A: By shifting letters in the alphabet by a fixed number to encrypt messages.


Q: Who is Grace Hopper?

A: A pioneering computer scientist who developed early compilers and the concept of

machine-independent programming languages.

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