GASEOUS STATE 1

EXERCISE - 1 : BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Measurable Properties of Gases F' 
9
 C  1  32
1. Dimensions of pressure are the same as that of : 5

(a) Energy (b) Force 9 9

F'  C   32
5 5
(c) Energy per unit volume
9  9
(d) Force per unit volume  F '   C  32  
5  5
Ans. (c)
9
Sol. Energy per unit volume  F'  F 
5
Energy Work
= 9o
Volume volume Hence 1o C rise in temperature is equal to the rise in F
5
Force  displacement Force
   Pressure 5. The pressure at the base of a column of liquid of length
Volume Area
l and held at an angle  to the vertical is

2. Pressure of a gas is due to (a) gl (b) gl sin

(a) collisions of gas molecules (c) gcos (d) glcos
(b) the random movement of gas molecules Ans. (d)
(c) the intermolecular forces of attraction between the Sol.
gas molecules
(d) the collision of gas molecules against the walls of the
container
Ans. (d)
Sol. Pressure of a gas is due to the collision of gas molecules
against the walls of the container.

3. One atmosphere is numerically equal to approximately :

ρghcos θ (l to the plane)
(a) 106 dyne cm–2 (b) 102 dyne cm–2
Ideal Gas Laws
(c) 104 dyne cm–2 (d) 108 dyne cm–2
6. At constant temperature, in a given mass of an ideal
Ans. (a) gas
Sol. 1 Pascal = 10 CGS units (a) The ratio of pressure and volume always remains
constant
105 pascals  1atm  106 CGS units
(b) Volume always remains constant
(c) Pressure always remains constant
4. 1ºC rise in temperature is equal to a rise of
(d) The product of pressure and volume always remains
(a) 1ºF (b) 9/5ºF constant
(c) 5/9ºF (d) 33ºF Ans. (d)
Ans. (b) Sol. According to Boyle’s law
9o
Sol. F
5
7. If 20 cm3 gas at 1 atm. is expanded to 50 cm3 at constant
As we know that,
T, then what is the final pressure ?
9
F C  32 1 1
5 (a) 20  (b) 50 
50 20
As the temperature is risen by 1o C 
1
C'  C 1 (c) 1  50 (d) none of these.
20
Therefore,
Ans. (a)
 GASEOUS STATE 2
Sol. According to Boyle’s law 12. The correct representation of Charles’s law is given by
20 1  P  50
1
P  20 

VOL

VOL
50
(a) (b)
8. A gas of volume 100 cc. is kept in a vessel at pressure O O
T(K) T(K)
10 4 Pa maintained at temperature 24ºC if now the
pressure is increased to 105 Pa, keeping the temperature
constant, then the volume of the gas becomes

VOL

VOL
(a) 10 cc (b) 100 cc
(c) (d)
(c) 1 cc (d) 1000 cc
O O
Ans. (a) T(K) T(K)

Sol. According to Boyle’s law Ans. (c)

Sol. (Extrapolation required if temp. in Celsius)
100  104  V 105
V  10cc
13. When gases are heated from 20 to 40ºC at constant
pressure, their volumes
9. At 25oC temperature and 730 mm pressure, 380 mL of dry
(a) increase by the same magnitude
oxygen was collected. If the temperature is held constant,
what volume will be oxygen occupy at 760 mm pressure ? (b) become double
(a) 365 mL (b) 449 mL (c) increase in the ratio of their molecular masses
(c) 569 mL (d) 621 mL (d) increase but to different extent
Ans. (a) Ans. (d)
Sol. According to Boyle’s law
V1 T1 293
730  380  760  v  
Sol. V2 T2 313 ( “T” in kelvins)
v  365mL 313
V2  V1 (charle’s law)
293
10. A gas at 298 K is shifted from a vessel of 250 cm3 capacity
to that of 1L capacity. The pressure of the gas will 14. A sample of gas occupies 100 ml at 27 oC and 740 mm
(a) become double (b) becomes four times pressure. When its volume is changed to 80 ml at
(c) decrease to half of the original value 740 mm pressure, the temperature of the gas will be
(d) decrease to one-fourth of the original value (a) 21.6oC (b) 240oC
Ans. (d) (c) –33oC (d) 89.5oC
Sol. Boyle’s law. Ans. (c)
V1 T1
Sol. 
11. o o
300 ml of a gas at 27 C is cooled to –3 C at constant V2 T2
pressure, the final volume is 100 300
 
(a) 540 ml (b) 135 ml 80 T2
(c) 270 ml (d) 350 ml T2  240K
Ans. (c)
 330 C
Sol. Charles’s law
V1 V2
  270 C  300K  15. A sample of gas has a volume of 0.2 litre measured at 1
T1 T2 atm pressure and 0 oC. At the same pressure, but at
273oC, its volume will become
 3 C  270K 
0

(a) 0.1 litre (b) 0.4 litre

300 V2 (c) 0.6 litre (d) 0.8 litre

300 270 Ans. (b)
V2  270ml
 GASEOUS STATE 3
V1 T1 Ans. (c)
Sol. 
V2 T2 (Charle’s law) V1 T1
Sol. 
0.2 273 V2 T2 (Charle’s law)

V2 273  2 23 283

V2 303
V2  0.4 litre
23  303
V2 
283
16. A gas is initially at 1 atm pressure. To compress it to
 24.6ml
1/4 th of its initial volume, assuming temperature to be
constant pressure to be applied is
21. The density of gas A is four times that of gas B. If the
(a) 1 atm (b) 2 atm
molecular weight of A is M, then at same pressure and
(c) 4 atm (d) 1/4 atm temperature molecular weight of B is
Ans. (c) (a) 2M (b) M/2
Sol. 4 atm (Boyle’s law) (c) 4M (d) M/4
Ans. (d)
17. “One gram molecule of a gas at N.T.P. occupies 22.4 dA MA
litres.” This fact was derived from Sol. 
dB M B
(a) Dalton’s theory (b) Avogadro’s hypothesis
(c) Berzelius hypothesis (d) Law of gaseous volume  d A = 4d B
M
Ans. (b) 4
MB
Sol. Factual M
MB 
4
18. Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volume is applicable
for those gases which on mixing : 22. In the gas equation PV = nRT, the value of R depends
(a) do not react (b) react with each other upon

(c) diffuse (d) all of these (a) nature of gas (b) the pressure of gas
(c) unit of measurement (d) temperature of gas
Ans. (b)
Ans. (c)
Sol. Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volume is applicable
for gases which react with each other. PV
Sol. R
19. Pure hydrogen sulphide is stored in a tank of 100 litre nT
capacity at 20ºC and 2 atm pressure. The mass of the T is measured in kelvin , n is no. of mole value of R depends
gas will be on units in which ‘P’ and ‘V’ are measured.
(a) 34 g (b) 340 g
(c) 282.68 g (d) 28.24 g
23. Correct gas equation is :
Ans. (c)
V1T2 V2 T1 P1V1 T1
Sol. PV = nRT (a)  (b) P V  T
P1 P2 2 2 2
(2) (100)=(n)(0.0821)(293)
P1T2 P2 V2 V1V2
n  8.314 (c) V  T (d) T T  P1P2
1 2 1 2

 m  8.314  34  282.68g Ans. (b)

Sol. P1V1  nRT1

20. When the temperature of 23 ml of dry CO 2 gas is
changed from 10º to 30ºC at constant pressure of 760 P2 V2  nRT2
mm, the volume of gas becomes closest to which
one of the following ? P1V1 T1
 
(a) 7.7 ml (b) 21.5 ml P2 V2 T2
(c) 24.6 ml (d) 69 ml.
 GASEOUS STATE 4

24. The weight of CH4 in a 9-L cylinder at 27oC temperature Ans. (a)
–1
and 16 atm pressure is (R = 0.08 L atm K mol ) –1 Sol. PV = nRT
PM  dR T
(a) 9.6 g (b) 96.0 g
(c) 4.8 g (d) 48.0 g n
P RT
V
Ans. (b)
w RT
Sol. PV  nRT P
V M
(16)(9)  ( n)(0.08)(300) P RT

n=6 d M
wt = 16 × 6 = 96 g 29. If P, V, M, T and R are pressure, volume, molar mass,
temperature and gas constant respectively, then for an
ideal gas, the density is given by
25. If two moles of an ideal gas at 546 K occupies a volume
of 44.8 litres, the pressure must be
RT P
(a) (b)
PM RT
(a) 2 atm (b) 3 atm
(c) 4 atm (d) 1 atm M PM
(c) (d)
Ans. (a) V RT
Ans. (d)
Sol. ( P)(44.8)  (2)(0.0821)(546)
Sol. PM  dRT, d  PM / (RT)
P  2atm
30. The density of a gas at 27 oC and 1 atm is d. Pressure
remaining constant at which of the following
26. The volume of balloon filled with 4.0g of He at 22ºC temperatures will its density become 0.75 d ?
and 720 mm of Hg is : (a) 20oC (b) 30oC
(a) 25.565 litre (b) 20 litre (c) 400 K (d) 300 K
(c) 15 litre (d) 30 litre Ans. (c)
Ans. (a) Sol. PM = d1 RT1
Sol. n 1 PM = d 2 RT2
nRT (1)(0.0821)(295)
V   d1T1  d 2 T2
P 720
760  (300)(d)  (0.75)dT2
 25.565L
T2  400K
27. The equation of state corresponding to 8g of O2 is : 31. The density of CCl4 vapour at 0ºC and 76 cm Hg in
(a) PV = 8RT (b) PV = RT/4 g/litre is :
(c) PV = RT (d) PV = RT/2 (a) 11.2 (b) 77
Ans. (b) (c) 6.88 (d) none of these
Ans. (c)
8 1
Sol. PV  nRT  n   Sol. PM = dRT
32 4
RT (1)(154)  (d)(0.0821)(273)
PV 
4
 Option (b) d = 6.88 g/L
32. The constant quantity of Boyle’s Law is :
P (a) Only mass of the gas
28. For an ideal gas ratio of is equal to :
d
(b) Only temperature of a gas
RT M
(a) (b) (c) Mass and Pressure of a gas
M RT
MT R (d) Mass and temeprature of a gas
(c) (d)
R TM Ans. (d)
 GASEOUS STATE 5
Sol. Mass and temprature of a gas are constant. 36. Equal volumes of oxygen and an unknown gas weigh
P1V1 P2 V2 3.00g and 7.50g, respectively. Which of the following
=
T1 T2 is the unknown gas ?
P1V1 T1 (a) CO2 (b) NO
=
P2 V2 T2
(c) NO2 (d) SO3
Ans. (d)
33. The pressure of sodium vapour in a 1.0 L container is
10 torr at 1000ºC. How many atoms are in the container ? 3 3
Sol. 3g  mol   22.4L
(a) 9.7 × 10 17
(b) 7.6 × 10 19 32 32

(c) 4.2 × 1017 (d) 9.7 × 1019 3 7.5

  22.4L   22.4
Ans. (b) 32 MW
32  7.5
 10  MW   32  2.5
Sol.   (1)  (n)(0.0821)(1273) 3
 760 
 80gmol 1
n = 0.000125
 SO3
N  7.6 1019

37. 16 gm of oxygen and 3 gm of hydrogen are mixed and kept

34. Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. A 0.050g sample of dry in 760 mm pressure at 0oC. The total volume occupied by
ice is placed in an evacuated 4.6 L vessel at 30ºC. the mixture will be nearly
Calculate the pressure inside the vessel after all the (a) 22.4l (b) 33.6l
dry ice has been converted to CO2 gas. (d) 448 litres (d) 44800 ml
Ans. (d)
(a) 6.14 atm (b) 0.614 atm
1 3
(c) 0.0614 atm (d) 6.14 × 10–3 atm Sol. mol O2 , mol H2
2 2
Ans. (d) n Total = 2
Sol. nRT
P nRT 2  0.08206  273.15
V  V   44.829 lit.
 0.05  P 1
  (0.0821)(303)
 44 
P
4.6 38. Under what conditions will a pure sample of an ideal
 6.14 103 atm gas not only exhibit a pressure of 1 atm but also a
concentration of 1 mole litre –1 ?
35. The closed containers of the same capacity and at the (R = 0.082 litre atm mol–1 deg–1)
same temperature are filled with 44g of H 2 in one and (a) At STP
44g of CO2 in the other. If the pressure of carbon dioxide (b) When V = 22.4 litres
in the second container is 1 atm. That of hydrogen in (c) When T = 12 K
the first container would be : (d) Impossible under any conditions
(a) 1 atm (b) 10 atm Ans. (c)

(c) 22 atm (d) 44 atm

Sol. PV  nRT
Ans. (c) n
Sol. P1V  n1 RT  P    (RT)
V
P2 V  n 2 RT
P1 n1  P = CRT

P2 n 2 (1)  (1)(0.082)T
P1 22
 T =12.19K
1 1
P1  22 atm
 GASEOUS STATE 6
39. Two separate bulbs contain ideal gases A and B. The Ans. (a)
density of gas A is twice that of gas B. The molecular
Sol. MW(CO)  MW  N 2 
mass of A is half that of gas B. The two gases are at the
same temperature. The ratio of the pressure of A to  P N 2   P(CO )
that of gas B is
(a) 2 (b) 1/2  X N2 
=X CO  0.5
(c) 4 (d) 1/4
Ans. (c)
44. 3.2 g of oxygen (At. wt. = 16) and 0.2 g of hydrogen
 PA   1  (At. wt. = 1) are placed in a 1.12 litre flask at 0ºC. The
Sol.       (2) total pressure of the gas mixture will be
 PB   2 
(a) 1 atm (b) 4 atm
PA
=4 (c) 3 atm (d) 2 atm
PB
Ans. (b)
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure 3.2
40. If three unreactive gases having partial pressures P A, Sol. 32 0.1 1
   X H 2  X o2
3.2 0.2 0.1  0.1 2
P B and P C and their moles are 1, 2, and 3 respectively 
32 2
then their total pressure will be :
nRT (0.2)(0.0821)(273)
P  PB  PC P   4.00L
(a) P = PA + PB + PC (b) P  A V 1.12
6
PA  PB  PC 45. Equal weights of two gases of molecular weight 4 and
(c) P  (d) none. 40 are mixed. The pressure of the mixture is 1.1 atm.
3
Ans. (a) The partial pressure of the light gas in this mixture is
(a) 0.55 atm (b) 0.11 atm
Sol. Applying dalton’s law,
(c) 1 atm (d) 0.11 atm
PT  PA  PB  PC Ans. (c)
1
M/4 10
41. Which of the following mixtures of gases does not obey Sol. X Light   4 
Dalton’s law of partial pressure ? M M 11 11

4 40 40
(a) O2 and CO2 (b) N2 and O2
10
(c) Cl2 and O2 (d) NH3 and HCl PLight  1.1   1 atm
11
Ans. (d) Graham’s Law
Sol. ( Reacting gases NH3  HCl  NH 4 Cl ) 46. Which of the following gas will have highest rate of
diffusion ?
42. The ratio of partial pressure of a gaseous component to (a) NH3 (b) N2
the total vapour pressure of the mixture is equal to
(c) CO2 (d) O2
(a) mass of the component
Ans. (a)
(b) mole fraction of the component
(c) mass % of the component 1
Sol. R
(d) molecular mass of the component MW
Ans. (b)
Sol. PA  X A .PT 47. The relative rate of diffusion of helium w.r.t. methane
under similar conditions of pressure and temperature is
43. A cylinder is filled with a gaseous mixture containing equal
masses of CO and N2. The partial pressure ratio is : (a) 2 (b) 0.5
(c) 4 (d) 0.25
(a) PN 2  PCO (b) PCO  0.875 PN 2
Ans. (a)
(c) PCO  2 PN 2 (d) PCO  1 / 2 PN 2
 GASEOUS STATE 7

r1 n1 / t1 M2
r1 M2 16 Sol.  
Sol. = = =2 r2 n 2 / t 2 M1
r2 M1 4
t2 M2
 
t1 M1
48. A certain gas effuses through a small opening of a vessel
18 32
at a rate which is exactly one-fifth the rate at which  
helium does the same. Thus, the molecular weight of 45 M1
the gas is 452
M1   32 g/mol
(a) 100 (b) 75 182
(c) 50 (d) 25
Ans. (a) 52. The rate of diffusion of methane at a given temperature
is twice that of a gas X. The molecular weight of X is
r4e MWX
Sol.  (a) 64.0 (b) 32.0
rx MWHe
(c) 4.0 (d) 8.0
MW
5 Ans. (a)
4
r1 M2
MW  100 g/mol Sol. 
r2 M1

49. In a closed room of 1000 m3, a perfume bottle is opened 2 Mx Mx

 4
up. The whole room develops smell. This is due to which 1 16 16
property of gases ?  M x  16  4  64 g/mol
(a) Viscosity (b) Density
Kinetic Theory of Gases
(c) Diffusion (d) None
53. The kinetic energy for 14 grams of nitrogen gas at 127ºC
Ans. (c) is nearly (mol. mass of nitrogen = 28 and gas constant
Sol. Diffusion is the process whereby gaseous atoms and = 8.31 JK–1 mol–1)
molecules are transferred from regions of relatively high (a) 1.0 J (b) 4.15 J
concentration to regions of relatively low concentration. (c) 2493J (d) 3.3 J
50. A bottle of ammonia and a bottle of dry hydrogen Ans. (c)
chloride connected through a long tube are opened
simultaneously at both ends, the white ammonium 3
Sol. KE    nRT
chloride ring first formed will be 2
(a) at the centre of the tube  3  1 
    (8.31)(400)
(b) near the hydrogen chloride bottle  2  2 
(c) near the ammonia bottle  831  3
(d) throughout the length of the tube = 2493 J
Ans. (b)
Sol. As Ammonia has lesser mass it diffuses faster 54. Which one of the following is not a correct postulate
 1  of the kinetic theory of gases?
r   (a) The molecules of a gas are continuously moving in
 MW 
different directions with different velocities
So, NH 4 Cl will form at the end near HCl
(b) The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is
51. If some moles of O2 diffuse in 18 sec and same moles of directly proportional to the absolute temperature
other gas diffuse in 45 sec then what is the molecular of the gas
weight of the unknown gas ?
(c) The volume of the gas is due to the large number
452 182 of molecules present in it
(a) 2  32 (b)  32
18 452 (d) The pressure of the gas is due to hitting of the
182 452 molecules on the walls of the container.
(c) (d)
452  32 182  32 Ans. (c)
Ans. (a)
 GASEOUS STATE 8

Sol. Conceptual (Volume of container) 10 100

K.E  nT   10 
44 44
55. The internal energy of one mole of an ideal gas is 10 400
given by  a  nT   40 
44 44
3 1
(a) RT
T (b) KT 20 400
2 2  b  nT   20 
1 3 44 44
(c) RT
T (d) KT
2 2 20 400
Ans. (a)  c  nT  5 
44 44
Sol. Internal energy of a gas is independent of potential
energy. Thus internal energy of one mole of a gas is the 40 400
 d  nT   10 
44 44
3
average translational kinetic energy per mole = RT Hence, option ‘C’ is right.
2
Maxwell’s Distribution of Molecular Speeds
56. At what temperature will the molar KE of 0.3 mol of He 60. Root mean square velocity of a gas molecule is
be the same as that of 0.4 mol of argon at 400 K ? proportional to
(a) 700 K (b) 500 K (a) M 1/2 (b) M0
(c) 800 K (d) 400 K (c) M–1/2 (d) M
Ans. (d) Ans. (c)
1
3 3RT
Sol. RT is the molar KE; depends only on T Sol. Vrms   3RT M 2
2 M

57. Consider three one-litre flasks labeled A, B and C filled 61. The temperature of the gas is raised from 27ºC to 927ºC,
with the gases NO, NO2, and N2O, respectively, each at the root mean square velocity is
STP. In which flask do the molecules have the highest (a) 927 / 27 times the earlier value
average kinetic energy ?
(a) Flask C (b) All are the same (b) same as before
(c) Flask A (d) None (c) halved
Ans. (b) (d) doubled
Sol. As temp. is same Ans. (d)
Sol. Therefore root mean square speed of the gas. When its
temprature is raised
58. The kinetic theory of gases predicts that total kinetic
energy of a gaseous assembly depends on r2 T2 1200
   2 ;  2  21
(a) H2 < N2 < O2 < HBr (b) HBr < O2 < N2 < H2 r1 T1 300

(c) H2 < N2 = O2 < HBr (d) HBr < O2 < H2 < N2.
Ans. (b) 62. According to kinetic theory of gases, the root mean square
velocity is directly proportional to
 1 
Sol. HBr  O 2  N 2  H 2  v  
 MW  (a) T (b) T2

(c) T (d) 1/T

59. Which system contains molecules with the same average
kinetic energy as the molecules in 10.0g of carbon dioxide Ans. (c)
at 10ºC ?
3RT
(a) 10g of CO2 at 40ºC (b) 20g of CO2 at 20ºC Sol. Vrms 
M
(c) 20g of CO2 at 5ºC (d) 40g of CO2 at 10ºC
Ans. (c)  Vrms  T
3
Sol. Using KE  nRT
2
 GASEOUS STATE 9
amount of the gas
63. Which of the following gases would have the highest Ans. (c)
R.M.S. velocity at 25ºC ? Sol.
(a) Oxygen (b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Sulphur dioxide (d) Carbon monoxide
Ans. (d)
 1
Sol. v  
 MW 

64. The ratio between the root mean square velocity of H2

67. The ratio among most probable velocity, mean velocity
at 50 K and that of O2 at 800 K is and root mean square velocity is given by
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 2 : 5
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 4 (a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 1: 2 : 3
Ans. (c)
(c) (d)
2 : 8/  : 3
50 800 2 : 3 : 8/ 
Sol. :
2 32 Ans. (d)
2
  H2  TH .M O2 2RT 8 RT 3RT
   2 Sol. : :
 O  TO2 .M H 2 M π M M
 2 
2
  H2  50  32 1 8
     2: : 3
 O  800  2 1 π
 2 
H2 1 68. The ratio of the root mean square velocity to average

 O2 1 velocity of a gas molecule at a particular temperature is

 1:1 (a) 1.086 : 1 (b) 1: 1.086

(c) 2 : 1.086 (d) 1.086 : 2
Ans. (a)
65. At what temperature most probable speed of O2 molecules
have the same value of root mean square speed of O2 8
Sol. 3:
molecules at 300 K ? π
(a) 150 K (b) 600 K
1.7320 :1.5957
(c) 750 K (d) 450 K
 1.086 :1
Ans. (d)

(3)(R)(300) (2)(R)(T) 28
Sol.  69. The average speed at temperature TºC of CH4(g) is
32 32 88

900  2T × 103 ms–1. What is the value of T ?

T  450K (a) 240.55ºC (b) – 32.45ºC
(c) 3000ºC (d) –24.055ºC
66. Which is not true in case of an ideal gas ? Ans. (b)
(a) It cannot be converted into a liquid
8×R×1000×T 28
(b) There is no interaction between the molecules Sol.   103
π×16 88
(c) All molecules of the gas move with same speed
(d) At a given temperature, PV is proportional to the 500R T 28
  106
 88

500  8.314  T 28 6
 6
 88
 GASEOUS STATE 10
T = 240.55 K  a 
(b)  p  2  (V  b)  nRT
T  32.45 C  V 
 na 
Real Gas (c)  p  2  (nV  b)  nRT
 V 
70. A gas is said to behave like an ideal gas when the
 n 2a 
relation PV/T = constant. When do you expect a real (d)  p  V 2  (V  nb)  nRT
gas to behave like an ideal gas ?  
Ans. (d)
(a) When the temperature is low
(b) When both the temperature and pressure are low

p 
n 2a 
(V  nb)  nRT
n 2a
Sol.   , where is the pressure
 V2  V2
(c) When both the temperature and pressure are high
corrective term, and nb is the volume corrective term.
(d) When the temperature is high and pressure is low ‘a’ and ‘b’ are constants.
Ans. (d)
75. Van der Waal’s constants ‘a’ and ‘b’ are related with.....
Sol. Real gas behaves like ideal gas when temperature is
respectively.
high and pressure is low. In this condition, the
(a) Attractive force and bond energy of molecules
probability of inter-atomic attraction is very low.
(b) Volume and repulsive force of molecules
71. The pressure of real gases is less than that of ideal gas
(c) Shape and repulsive forces of molecules
because of
(d) Attractive force and volume of the molecules
(a) increase in the number of collisions
Ans. (d)
(b) finite size of particles
Sol. ‘a’ is directly related to the attractive force. ‘b’ is directly
(c) intermolecular attraction
related to the volume of molecule.
(d) increase in kinetic energy of the molecules.
Ans. (c)
76. The units of the van der Waal’s constant ‘a’ are
Sol. Due to forces of attraction called Van der Waal’s forces,
real gases tend to show slightly lower pressure than ideal (a) atm L2 mol–2 (b) atm L–2 mol–2
gases.
(c) atm L mol–1 (d) atm mol L–1
Ans. (a)
72. For a gas, deviation from ideal behaviour is maximum at :
(a) 0ºC and 1.0 atm (b) 100ºC and 2.0 atm P×V 2 atm.L2
Sol. a= =
(c) – 13ºC and 1.0 atm (d) – 13ºC and 2.0 atm n2 mol 2
Ans. (d)
Sol. Gas deviates from ideality at high pressure and low 77. The units of the van der Waal’s constant ‘b’ are
temperature. Thus, of the options provided most (a) atmosphere (b) joules
suitable answer is (d) (c) L mol–1 (d) mol L–1
Van der waal Equation Ans. (c)
73. The strength of van der Waals’ forces increases with : V L
Sol. b = =
(a) increase in molecular size n mol
(b) increase in the number of electrons in the molecule
78. Any gas shows maximum deviation from ideal gas at
(c) increase in molecular weight
(a) 0ºC and 1 atmospheric pressure
(d) all of the above
(b) 100ºC and 2 atmospheric pressure
Ans. (d)
(c) –100ºC and 5 atmospheric pressure
Sol. Conceptual (d) 500ºC and 1 atmospheric pressure
Ans. (c)
74. Van der Waal’s equation of state is obeyed by real
gases. For n moles of a real gas, the expression will be
 P na  V 
(a)   2    RT
 n V  n  b 
 GASEOUS STATE 11
Sol. Deviations from ideal gas behaviour happen at high Sol. Z is ratio of real and ideal molar volume, so Z = 1 for ideal
pressure and low temperature. gas.

79. In case of hydrogen and helium, the van der Waal’s forces 82. Which set of conditions represents easiest way to
are liquiefy a gas ?
(a) Strong (b) Very strong (a) Low temperature and high pressure
(c) Weak (d) Very weak. (b) High temperature and low pressure
Ans. (d)
(c) Low temperature and low pressure
Sol. Mol. wt of H 2 and He are very small. Thus, Van der waal’ss (d) High temperature and high pressure.
forces are very weak. Ans. (a)
Compressibility Factor & Liquification Sol. To liquefy a gas, its thermal energy should be overcome
80. For H2 gas, the compressibility factor, Z = PV/n RT is : by strong intermolecular force of attraction. Thus, out of
(a) equal to 1 options provided option ‘a’ is the correct choice.
(b) equal to 0 83. An ideal gas can’t be liquefied because
(c) always greater than 1 (a) its critical temperature is always above 0ºC
(d) initially less than 1 and then becomes greater than 1 (b) its molecules are relatively smaller in size
at high pressures (c) it solidifies before becoming a liquid
Ans. (c) (d) forces operative between its molecules are negligible
Sol. This is because hydrogen and helium show intermolecular
Ans. (d)
repulsive forces, which cause the actual volume to be
greater than the ideal values. The attractive force existing Sol. Ideal gas exists at higher temperatures and lower
among them is Van der Waal's force, which is weak due to pressures, where there will be lower inter-atomic forces.
less surface area, as the size of these atoms is very small. Hence, the gas cannot liquefy.

81. The compressibility factor of an ideal gas is 84. The critical temperature of a substance is defined as :
(a) 0 (b) 1 (a) the temperature above which the substance
(c) 2 (d) 4 decomposes.
Ans. (b) (b) the temperature above which a substance can exist
only as a gas
(c) melting point of the substance
(d) boiling point of the substance.
Ans. (b)
Sol. It is the temperature above which gas cannot liquefy no
matter what pressure is applied.