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lecture#1

The document outlines the first lecture of an Applied Statistics course, focusing on discrete probability distributions and random variables. It covers definitions, characteristics, and calculations related to probability distributions, including mean, variance, and standard deviation, as well as specific distributions like binomial and Poisson. Reference books for the course are also provided.

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azamadil2006
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4 views

lecture#1

The document outlines the first lecture of an Applied Statistics course, focusing on discrete probability distributions and random variables. It covers definitions, characteristics, and calculations related to probability distributions, including mean, variance, and standard deviation, as well as specific distributions like binomial and Poisson. Reference books for the course are also provided.

Uploaded by

azamadil2006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPLIED STATISTICS

(MT-503)

LECTURE NO.1
REFERENCE BOOKS
 ELEMENTARY STATISTICS BY ALAN G.
BLUMAN (8TH EDITION).

 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS FOR


ENGINEERS & SCIENTISTS BY
WALPOLE & MYERS YE. (9TH EDITION).
 APPLIED STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
FOR ENGINEERS, BY Douglas C.
Montgomery , George C. Runger.
1-2
Discrete Probability Distributions

RANDOM VARIABLE

McGraw-Hill/Irwin ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2008


GOALS

1. Define the terms probability distribution and


random variable.
2. Distinguish between discrete and continuous
probability distributions.
3. Calculate the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of a discrete probability distribution.
4. Describe the characteristics of and compute
probabilities using the binomial probability
distribution.
5. Describe the characteristics of and compute
probabilities using the Poisson probability
distribution
6. Describe the characteristics of and compute
probabilities using the –ve binomial and geometric
4
probability distribution.
What is a Probability Distribution?

Experiment:
Toss a coin three
times. Observe the
number of heads. The
possible results are:
zero heads, one head,
two heads, and three
heads.
What is the probability
distribution for the
number of heads?
5
Probability Distribution of Number of
Heads Observed in 3 Tosses of a Coin

6
Characteristics of a Probability
Distribution

1. The probability of a particular


outcome is between 0 and 1
inclusive.
2. The outcomes are mutually
exclusive events.
3. The list is exhaustive. The sum
of the probabilities of the various
events is equal to 1.
7
Random Variables

Random variable :A real valued function


define on sample is called random
variable..

8
Types of Random Variables

 Discrete Random Variable can assume only


certain clearly separated values. It is usually
the result of counting something

 Continuous Random Variable can assume


an infinite number of values within a given
range. It is usually the result of some type of
measurement

9
Discrete Random Variables - Examples

 The number of students in a class.


 The number of children in a family.
 The number of cars entering a carwash
in a hour.
 Number of home mortgages approved
by Coastal Federal Bank last week.

10
Continuous Random Variables -
Examples

 The length of each song on the latest Tim


McGraw album.
 The weight of each student in this class.
 The temperature outside as you are reading
this book.
 The amount of money earned by each of the
more than 750 players currently on Major
League Baseball team rosters.

11
Prob. Mass function (pmf):

 f(x) = P(X=x)

12
The Mean of a discrete Probability
Distribution

Mean
•The mean is a typical value used to
represent the central location of a probability
distribution.
•The mean of a probability distribution is
also referred to as its expected value.
13
The Variance, and Standard Deviation of
a Discrete Probability Distribution

14
Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a
Discrete Probability Distribution - Example

John Ragsdale sells new cars for Pelican Ford.


John usually sells the largest number of cars
on Saturday. He has developed the following
probability distribution for the number of cars
he expects to sell on a particular Saturday.

15
Mean of a Discrete Probability Distribution -
Example

16
Variance and Standard Deviation of a Discrete
Probability Distribution - Example

   2  1.290  1.135

17
Example :

18
19
End of lecture 1

20

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