Module: Introduction to Technology and Big Data

Week 2 Lecture – Cloud Computing

Dr Yuhua Wang - [email protected]

 IF YOU HAVE NOT GOT YOUR CARD TODAY
At the end of the class, please come forward.

Please note, I won't accept attendance requests via email.

If the scanner does not seem to be working for you, please

• Still swipe in so that the attendance records can be corrected later
• Email [email protected] for investigation

REMEMBER YOUR CARD

 Last Week

• Introduction to technology and big data

• The concepts of ‘Technology’ and ‘Big data’ and our motivation to address them in
the business environment
• The emerging technologies in business
• The structure of the course, assessment and support
 This Week - Learning Outcome

•Understand what an IT infrastructure is, its level of complexity and the

challenges associated

•Explain the notion of cloud computing and its advantages

•Describe the types of cloud computing and cloud-based services

•Understand the application of cloud computing in business with examples

Infrastructure

Infra + structura
Infra + structura
 Infrastructure

Road Buildings

Infrastructure = “the basic systems and

Water Electricity services, such as transport and power
supplies, that a country or organization
uses in order to work effectively”

Gas Broadband (Cambridge Dictionary 2023 )

When it works, infrastructure is invisible

IT Infrastructure

IT = “All the hardware and software

technologies a firm needs to achieve its
business objectives.”

IT Infrastructure = “Computer hardware,

software, data, storage technology, and
networks providing a portfolio of shared
IT resources for the organisation.”

(Laudon 2020, p.631)

Major Components of an IT
Infrastructure

(Laudon 2020, p.209)

 Major Components of an IT
Infrastructure
Building
Warehouse
&
Power
stations

Public
utilities &
Regulations Government

Urban
planners &
Engineers
City
services
such as
Road healthcare,
education (Laudon 2020, p.209)
 The Problems with “In-house IT”

1. Has to be managed and maintained by the organisation

2. Inflexible

3. Non-core activity

4. Where do you put it all?

https://techresearchonline.com/blog/importance-of-it-infrastructure-management-for-business-in-2020/
 The Solution

Cloud computing is a model

for enabling ubiquitous,
convenient, on-demand ‘Cloud’ in that it doesn’t
network access to a shared really matter where it is
pool of configurable (this is only partly true)
computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services)
that can be rapidly Offers storage, processing
provisioned and released power, networking,
with minimal management applications etc.
effort or service provider
interaction.

(National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2011)

 Data Centres
The Citadel Kolos
Located in Tahoe Reno, Northern Nevada. 7.2
Located North of the Arctic Circle in Ballangen,
million sq.ft. of data centre space (approximately
Norway. 6.5 million sq.ft. of space. Completion
125 football pitches). Provides connection of nine
due in 2027.
milliseconds (0.009 secs) to Los Angeles.

The Citadel Kolos

Tahoe Reno Colocation | Nevada Colocation | Switch
 Inside Data Centres

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7JaN3rTK2A&ab_channel=TechVision
Key Advantages of Cloud Computing

1. On-demand ‘Self –Service’

2. Universal network access

3. Rapid ‘elasticity’

4. Metered Service
..Somebody Else Takes the Strain!

(Laudon 2020, p.216)

 Three Types of Cloud Computing Services

SaaS Examples: Gmail, Google

(Software as a Service) Docs, Office 365,
Salesforce CRM
- End users

PaaS Examples: Google App

You manage (Platform as a Service) Engine, AWS Elastic
Beanstalk
- Developers
Leasing Renting Taxi
Service providers manage IaaS Examples: Microsoft
Azure, AWS Elastic
(Infrastructure as a Service) Compute Cloud (EC2),
- IT administrators Google Compute Engine

(Laudon 2020, p.217)

Cloud Computing Models

1. Public Cloud

Great for start-ups, on-demand scale-out

2. Private Cloud

Large companies, own data centres

3. Hybrid Cloud

Companies with specific needs and requirements

E.g., Healthcare, University with sensitive data and mission–critical
applications to ensure security and compliance, while still being able
to accommodate sudden spikes in demand
 Cloud Computing

Amazon Web Services Azure

Explore it yourself!

•AWS Educate - Cloud Services for Education- AWS (amazon.com)

•Azure for Students – Free Account Credit | Microsoft Azure

•Explore Google Cloud for Education - Google for Education

Cloud Computing Examples

Software as a Service (SaaS)

allows collaboration
service accessed through Cloud (Web)
rather than on own computer.
Ensures updates to latest versions
 Example: EasyJet

EasyJet Case Study (amazon.com)

 Example: NETFLIX
Benefits to Netflix:
In 2008, a major
• Accommodate
database corruption
exponential rise in
meant that DVD’s could
streaming hours.
not be sent for 3 days.
• Global reach through
AWS multiple cloud
regions.
Decision taken to move
• Reduced service
to the Cloud (AWS).
‘outage’.
Finally completed in
• Reduced relative
2016!!
streaming costs.
Netflix Case Study (amazon.com)
 References
Cambridge Dictionary (2023). URL: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/infrastructure (Accessed
10th October 2023)

Laudon, K.C. (2020), Management information systems: managing the digital firm, Global, 16th Edition, Pearson,
Harlow, England

National Institute of Standards and Technology (2011) The NIST Definition of Cloud
Computing. Available at: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/legacy/sp/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf (Accessed:
10/10/2023)
Module Leader: Dr Yuhua Wang
Email: [email protected]