Guoup-(6

Determination of specific gravity of coarse aggregates

Objective: To determine the Specific gravity of coarse aggregates.
Reference: ASTM C127/IS 2386-Part-III
Theory: Relative density (specific gravity) is the ratio of the mass of an aggregate to the mass
of a volume of water equal to the volume of the aggregate particles - also referred to as the
absolute volume of the aggregate. It is also expressed as the ratio of the density of the aggregate
particles to the density of water.
Relative density is used to calculate the volume occupied by the aggregate in various mixtures
containing aggregate, including hydraulic cement concrete, bituminous concrete, and other
mixtures. Absorption values are used to calculate the change in the mass of an aggregate due
to water absorbed in the pore spaces within the constituent particles, compared to the dry
condition

Apparatus: Balance equipped with suitable apparatus to suspend sample in water, a wire
basket, water tank, oven, and towel.
Procedure:

1. Take a minimum 2kg of test sample.

2. Dry the test sample in the oven to constant mass at 110 ± 5 °Cand then cool for two
hours at room temperature.
3. Immerse the aggregates in water for a period of 24 + 4 hours.
4. Remove the test sample from the water and roll it in a large absorbent cloth until all
visible films of water are removed.
5. Determine the mass of thetest sample in the sturated surface-dry condition (B). Record
this and all subsequent masses to the nearest 0.5 g
6. Place the saturated-surface-dry test sample in the sample container/wire basket and
determine its mass in water (C) at 23± 2.0 °C.
7. Dry the test sample in the oven to constant mass at a temperature of 110 ± 5 °C, cool in
air at room temperature for about three hours and determine the mass (A).
Caleulations:
SpecificGravity = A/(B-C)
Water absorption, % = [(B-A)/A]* 100
A = mass of oven-dry test sample in air, g,
B= mass of saturated-surface-dry test sample in air, g, and = ã5 k9
C= apparent mass of saturated test sample in water, g. = |"4R6 ka
Conclusion: The specific gravity of coarse aggregate
Water absorption of coarse aggregate is %.
EXPERIMENT NO.8

Particle Size Distribution of Coarse Aggregates

Objective: To determination of particle size distribution of coarse aggregates by sieving or

screening.
Reference: IS: 2386 (Part I) 1963, IS: 383-1970, IS: 460-1962
Theory:
Grading re fers tothe determinationof the particle-size distribution for aggregate. Grading limits
and maximum aggregate size are specified because grading and size affect the amount of
aggregate used as well as cement and water requirements, workability and durability of concrete.
In general, if the water-cement ratio is chosen correctly, a wide range in grading can be used
without a major effect on strength. When gap-graded aggregates are specified, certain particle
sizes of aggregate are omitted from the size continuum. Gap-graded aggregate are used to obtain
uniform textures in exposed aggregate concrete.
Apparatus:
Test Sieves conforming to IS: 460-1962 Specification of 80 mm, 40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, 4.75
mm, Balance, Gauging Trowel,Stop Watch, etc.
Procedure:

1.The sample shallbe brought to an air-dry condition before weighing and sieving. This may be
achieved either by drying at room temperature or by heating at a temperature of 100 to 110°C.
The air-dry sample shall be weighed and sieved successively on the appropriate sieves starting
with the largest. Care shall be taken to ensure that the sieves are clean before use.
2. Each sieve shall be shaken separately over a clean tray until not more than a trace passes, but
in any case for a period of not less than two minutes. The shaking shall be done with a varied
motion, backward sand forwards, left to right, circular clockwise and anti-clockwise, and with
frequent jarring, so that the material is kept moving over the sieve surface in frequently changing
directions.

3. Material shall not be forced through the sieve by hand pressure. Lumps of fine material, if
present, may be broken by gentle pressure with fingers against the side of the sieve.
4. On completion öf sieving, the material retained on each sieve, together with any material
cleaned from the mesh, shall be weighed.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBTgb90UHDE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuhpEOSk4E!

Page 1 of 2
 Q. Q. Conclusion Observation
Chart:
EXPERIMENT
NO.8
Q.
WhatDiscuss Plot mm
362 475mm mm
10 12-5
mm mm 20 mm
16 mm 63
40 mm DEsTGNA"
SrEvE IS
mm
80 TION
(1)
are the
well tgrading
he
10085
to mm
63 Result: /
suitability 0 30
to0
to5O to5 100 (2) PERCENTAGE
and
curve.
gap 10085
to (page
0 mm
40
to50 20
to 100 (3)
graded of
the PAS8
oF
7,
0 10085
to mm
20 ING clause
aggregates
aggregates 20
to 100 (4) NU
FOL TABLE
INAL
SINGLE-S;2gD
10085
to
4
0 mm
16 SZE and
to5 30
to0 100 (5) ( 2
Clanes
Page COARSE
and used page
2 85
to
0 00 12-5mm 4.1
where for O AcREGA
of 10 to
to 45 100 (6) 9,
and
2 experiments AGGREGATES IS:
4.2
they 10085
to mm
J9 TE ) 303
0
to
to50 20 100 (7)
are -1970)
used? 35
I0
to 30
70
to95.to100 mm
40
as 0 109 (8)
to5 PrRCENTA
construction
material. AdGREGATE

25
55
to 10095
to mm
20
0 (9) GE
10
to 100
PSSING
OF
NouINAL
30 10090
to mmn l6
0 (10)
10
to to 100 FOu
70
GRADED
SizE
40 10090
to 12-5mm
0
10
to to 100 (!1)
85