Session 25
Linear Functions.
Presentation by Rano Khamraeva
Agenda
Feedback session on Test1
Linear function;
Slope (gradient), x-intercept and y-intercept;
Graph of the function.
Learning outcomes
To be able:
to know how to draw the graph of a linear function;
to be able to determine if two lines are parallel or
perpendicular to each other;
to identify an increasing or decreasing function.
Terms
English Uzbek Russian
Sraight line to’g’ri chiziq прямая линия
The Cartesian system of coordinates Dekart kordinatalar sistemasi Декартово система координат
Slope, gradient burchak koeffitsenti Градиент, угловой коэффициент
An increasing (decreasing) function o’suvchi (kamayuvchi) funksiya возрастающая (убывающая)
функция
The graph of a function funktsiya grafigi график функции
Quadrant kvadrant (kordinata choragi) Квадрант (координатная четверть)
Function domain (range) funktsiyaning aniqlanish (qiymatlar) область определения (значения)
sohasi функции
To draw (sketch, plot) a graph grafikni chizish начертить график
To create a table of values qiymatlar jadvalini tuzish создать таблицу значений
To plot points nuqtalarni joylashtirmoq отмечать точки
A linear function – a first-degree function of one variable.
A linear function can be written as
• f(x) = ax + b or y = ax + b where ‘a’ is a slope (or gradient)
and ‘b’ is y-intercept.
This form is called as slope intercept form.
• A linear function can also be in the form Ax +By +C=0
Examples: 1) y =2x; 2) f(x) = x + 24; 3) y = – x-1/2;
For a linear function y = ax + b, the following are true:
• If a>0 (positive) the function is an increasing function.
• If a<0 (negative) this is a decreasing function.
• If a=0 this a constant function.
For two linear functions 𝑦 = 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑏1 and 𝑦 = 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑏2 :
• If 𝒂𝟏 =𝒂𝟐 the graphs of these two functions are parallel
• If 𝒂𝟏 ∙ 𝒂𝟐 = −𝟏 the graphs are perpendicular.
Cartesian coordinate system (also called a rectangular coordinate
system) is defined by an ordered pair of perpendicular lines (axes). The
lines are commonly referred to as the 𝑥 and 𝑦-axes where the 𝑥-axis is
taken to be horizontal and the 𝑦-axis is taken to be vertical.
The graph of a function is the collection of all ordered pairs (x, y) and
is identical to the graphic representation of the function.
Equation of a straight line which passes through
the points A(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) and B (𝒙𝟐 , 𝒚𝟐 ) is found by:
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏
=
𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏
Time to Practice!!!
Classwork
A) Find the coordinates of points Q, P, R, S, and T from the plane in the
right and state the quadrant in which they are located:
Classwork
B) On the same set of axes, plot the following points:
1) A(4, 3) 5) E(-3, -3)
2) B(5, -6) 6) F(0, 5)
3) C(-2, 7) 7) G(5, 0)
4) D(-3, 3) 8) H(0, -6)
Classwork
1. Locate the given points on the graph:
𝑃= 1, 3 , 𝑉= 0, −2 ,
𝑄= 0, 5 , 𝑊= −4, 2 ,
𝑅= −2, 1 , 𝑋= 2, −4 ,
𝐸= −5, 5 , 𝑌= 3, 0 ,
𝑇= −3, 0 , 9
𝑈= −4, −3 , 𝑍= ,0
2
Classwork
2. Plot the graph of y = 2x + 1
Classwork
3. Sketch the graph of x + y = 3.
Is the function increasing or
decreasing?
Classwork
4. Draw the graph of the linear
functions 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔 and
𝟐𝒙 – 𝒚 = 𝟐 clearly showing the
point of intersection.
Classwork
5. Identify which of the given functions are parallel and
which of them are perpendicular:
1) y = 2x + 1
2) y = -x – 5
3) 2y + x = 4
4) y – x + 6 = 0
5) x + y = 2.9
6) 0.5y – x = 1
Classwork
6. Find the equation of the straight line which passes
through the points A (-2, 3) and B (2, -1)
Classwork
7. If the slope is 1 and the straight line passes through (3, 7),
find the equation of the straight line.
(hint: if the equation is y = ax + b, then a = 1 is given, use x = 3 and y = 7 to find b)
Classwork
8. In what quadrant do the
lines of f(x) = x + 3 and
f(x) = -x + 4 meet?
Classwork
9. In an experiment, the following
measurements were made:
Theoretical predictions indicate
that X and Y are related linearly.
It is also thought that one
measurement is incorrect. Draw a
suitable graph to
a) find the wrong point and
b) predict the value of Y for
X = 75.
Homework
Solve the problems 1-7 on page 173 of the book
“Mathematics” (by F.Ataev).
Thank you for your attention!
