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Lesson 2 - Normal Distribution

The document discusses the normal (Gaussian) distribution, highlighting its properties, uses, and the empirical rule. It explains how many real-world phenomena are approximately normally distributed and provides examples of calculating probabilities using normal distributions and z-scores. Additionally, it includes practice problems to illustrate the application of these concepts.

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lykamaevargas7
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16 views38 pages

Lesson 2 - Normal Distribution

The document discusses the normal (Gaussian) distribution, highlighting its properties, uses, and the empirical rule. It explains how many real-world phenomena are approximately normally distributed and provides examples of calculating probabilities using normal distributions and z-scores. Additionally, it includes practice problems to illustrate the application of these concepts.

Uploaded by

lykamaevargas7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION
USES
1. Many things actually are normally distributed, or very close to it.
For example, height and intelligence are approximately normally
distributed; measurement errors also often have a normal
distribution
USES
2. The normal distribution is easy to work with mathematically. In
many practical cases, the methods developed using normal
theory work quite well even when the distribution is not normal.
USES
3. There is a very strong connection between the size of a sample N
and the extent to which a sampling distribution approaches the
normal form. Many sampling distributions based on large N can be
approximated by the normal distribution even though the
population distribution itself is definitely not normal.
PROPERTIES OF NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION OR
GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTION
5. The total area in the normal distribution under the
curve is equal to 1.

6. In general, the graph of a normal distribution is a bell-


shaped curve with two inflection points, one on the left
and another on the right. Inflection points are the points
that mark the change in the curve’s concavity.
Plot the normal distribution.
1.Suppose the mean is 60 and the
standard deviation is 5, sketch a
normal curve for the distribution.
2. A continuous random variable X is
normally distributed with a mean of 56.3
and standard deviation of 7.2.
DRAW ME!
1. Given: μ = 12 =3
2. Given: μ = 28 =5
3. Given: μ = 18.5 = 2.6
4. Given: μ = 2.3 = 4.2
EXAMPLES
1. A continuous random variable X
(age) is normally distributed with a
mean of 45 and standard deviation
of 6. What is the probability that the
age of person with diabetes is
between 33 and 57?
EMPIRICAL RULE IN NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
EMPIRICAL – based on observation
EXAMPLES
1. A continuous random variable X is normally distributed
with a mean of 45 and standard deviation of 6. Illustrate
a normal curve and find the probability of the following:
a. P (39 < X < 51)
b. P (33 < X < 63)
c. P (X > 45)
d. P (X < 39)
Practice!
A continuous random variable X is normally
distributed with a mean of 56.3 and standard
deviation of 7.2. Illustrate a normal curve and find
its probability.
1. (34.7 < X < 63.5)
2. (X >63.5)
3. (X< 34.7)
STANDARD NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
MEAN = 0
STANDARD DEVIATION = 1
Finding Z-score
1.A random variable X has a mean of
6 and a standard deviation of 2.
Find the corresponding z-score for x
= 11.
2.Given: x = 20 μ = 12 =3
3.Given: x = 18 μ = 28 =5
Find the z-score of the following x.
Problem 1
1. Find the proportion of the area between z =
-1.25 and 2.19, this can be expressed as P(-
1.25 < Z < 2.19)

Note:
If you are looking for the area between two z -
scores, simply subtract the corresponding
areas to arrive at the answer.
Problem 2
1. Compute the probability using the standard
normal curve.
a. P(Z < 1.67) = ______________
Note:
If you are looking for a less than area, the area in
the table is the answer .
Problem 3
1. Compute the probability using the standard
normal curve.
b. P(Z > -0.65) = ______________
Note:
If you are looking for a greater than area, the
area in the table is subtracted from 1.
TRY THIS!
1.Find the area that corresponds to z = 2.67
2. Find the area that corresponds to z = 1.29
3. Find the area that corresponds to z = 3
4. Find the area that corresponds to z = - 0.64
LEVEL UP!
1. The scores in the summative
test of 11- STEM B are normally
distributed with a mean of 65 and
a standard deviation of 12. Find
the probability that some students
got a score below 40.
TRY ME!
The height (in meters) of grade 11
students in section A follows a
normal distribution with the mean
1.6 and a standard deviation of 0.3.
Find the pobability that students
chosen at random has a height
greater than 1.75.

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