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5]:TSGL lJX[ØTF
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INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMS
SADGURU COMPLEX, 2ND FLOOR, NR. AKSHAR MANDIR,
KALAWAD ROAD, RAJKOT-360001. CALL : 9375701110 / 9328001110
5]:TSG]\ GFD o ICE MAGIC (H],F. - 2024 YL 15 ÔgI]VFZL4 2025 ;]WL)

;\5FNS o DF{l,S UM\lWIF (Director - ICE)

lS\DT o 410/-

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SHREE SADGURU SHOPPING CENTRE

2nd FLOOR, Nr. AKSHAR MANDIR,
KALAWAD ROAD, RAJKOT-360001

C All rights are reserved by the publishers.

No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any
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accuracy or completeness of any information nor its authors shall be liable for any errors,
omissions or damages arising out of use of this information.This work is published with the
understanding that the publisher and its authors are supplying information but are not
attempting to render any professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of
an appropriate professional should be sought. Only the courts of Rajkot shall have the
jurisdiction for any legal dispute.

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- Ma󰇻l󰇯󰈫 Go󰈡d󰇬󰇮󰈠󰈜
[ Director - ICE ]
ICE MAGIC I N D E X
01 U]HZFTGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL DCÀJGL 38GFVM 01

02 EFZTGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL DCÀJGL 38GFVM 11

03 lJ`JGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL DCÀJGL 38GFVM 37

EFZT VG[ U]HZFT ;ZSFZGL TFH[TZGL VUtIGL IMHGFVM4

04 lDXG4 VlEIFG4 V[54 J[A 5M8„,4 5Ml,;L TYF 5C[, 52

U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ IMÔI[,F DCÀJGF ;\D[,GM4

05 DCMt;JM4 ;lD84 VUtIGL 38GFGL pHJ6L TYF VgI .J[g8M 63

06 EFZTLI ;[GF äFZF TFH[TZDF\ YI[,F ;{gI VeIF; TYF VlEIFG 78

;FIg; V[g0 8[SŸGM,MÒ 1F[+GL DCÀJGL 38GFVM TYF

07 ;{gI VG[ ;\Z1F6 ;\A\lWT 38GFVM 87

08 VY„jIJ:YF ;\A\lWT TFH[TZGL VUtIGL 38GFVM 105

EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ 5|l;â YI[,F VUtIGF lZ5M8„4

09 .g0[SŸ; TYF Z[lgS\U 116

U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ V[GFIT YI[,F V[JM0„4 5]Z:SFZ

10 VG[ ;gDFG 133
ICE MAGIC I N D E X
11 ZDTvUDT 149

U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ DCÀJGF CMÛFVM 5Z

12 TFH[TZDF\ YI[,L lGD6}S 165

13 U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JGF DCFG]EFJzLGF TFH[TZDF\ YI[,F lGWG 174

14 VUtIGF lNJ;M4 ;%TFC4 DlCGFVM VG[ JØ„GL pHJ6L 186

15 JT„DFG 5|JFC ;\A\lWT VgI DCÀJGL S[8,LS AFATM 197

16 EFZT VG[ U]HZFTGF JT„DFG 5NFlWSFZLzLVM 209

17 U]HZFT VG[ EFZTG]\ D\+LD\0/ 211

18 ZFßIMGF JT„DFG D]bID\+LzLVM VG[ ZFßI5F,zLVM 218

19 SZ\8 VO[;„GF DCÀJGF 5|`GvHJFA 220

 01 U]HZFTGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL
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U]HZFTGM 5|YD ;[lDSg0É8Z %,Fg8

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 ;}RL ;[DLSMG[ ;]ZTDF\ 5,;F6F TF,]SFGF AU]DZF BFT[ U]HZFTGF
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5|Z[6FYL SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
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EFEZ4 SF\SZ[H VG[ ,FB6L TF,]SF CX[P
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R 9F lH<,FG[ JFJvYZFN4 ;FAZSF\9F4 DC[;F6F VG[
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VFJ[,]\ K[P VFJ[,]\ K[P
 TF,]SF o YZFN4 JFJ4 WFG[ZF4 ;].UFD4 lNIMNZ  TF,]SF o 0L;F4 NF\TLJF0F4 VDLZU-4 5F,G5]Z4
EFEZ4 SF\SZ[H4 ,FB6L J0UFD4 NFTF
 J0]\ DYS o YZFN  J0]\ DYS o 5F,G5]Z

U]HZFT ZFßIGL GJL GJ DCFGUZ5Fl,SF

TFH[TZDF\ U]HZFT ZFßI ;ZSFZ[ GJL GJ DCFGUZ5Fl,SFGL ZRGF SZL K[P
 VF GJL GJ DCFGUZ5Fl,SFDF\ GJ;FZL4 UF\WLWFD4 DMZAL4 VF6\N4 ;]Z[gãGUZ4 DC[;F6F4 JF5L4 5MZA\NZ VG[
Gl0IFNGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P VFD U]HZFT ZFßIDF\ DCFGUZ5Fl,SFGL ;\bIF 8 YL JWL 17 Y. U. K[P
 14 JQF" AFN U]HZFTG[ GJL DCFGUZ5Fl,SFVM D/L K[P VF 5C[,F 2002DF\ H}GFU- VG[ K[<,[ 2010DF\ UF\WLGUZ
DCFGUZ5Fl,SF AGL CTLP
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2 EFJGUZ 8 UF\WLGUZ 14 DC[;F6F
3 ÔDGUZ 9 GJ;FZL 15 JF5L
4 H}GFU- 10 UF\WLWFD 16 5MZA\NZ
5 ZFHSM8 11 DMZAL 17 Gl0IFN
6 ;]ZT 12 VF6\N
10
 02 EFZTGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL
DCÀJGL 38GFVM

lR<,F. S,FG (Chillai Kalan)

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 lR<,F. S,FG 5KL 20 lNJ;GM —lR<,F. B]N"˜ s8}\SM lXIF/Mf VFJ[ K[
H[ 30 ÔgI]VFZL YL 18 O[A|]VFZL ;]WL RF,[ K[P
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VFJ[ K[P H[ 19 O[AV
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R
K[ SFZ6 S[ VF ;DIUF/F NZlDIFG TF5DFGDF\ 38F0M Ô[JF D/[ K[P
 H[GF SFZ6[ 5|bIFT NF, ;ZMJZM ;lCT H/FXIM YLÒ YFI K[P VF 40 lNJ; NZlDIFG lCDJQFF" YJFGL ;\EFJGF JW] CMI K[P

DwI5|N[XDF\ VMDSFZ[`JZ O,Ml8\U ;M,FZ 5|MH[É8G]\ pÛ3F8G

TFH[ T ZDF\ J0F5| W FG zL GZ[ g ãEF. DMNLV[ 25 l0;[ d AZ4 2024 GF ZMH
DwI5|NX [ GF BF\0JFDF\ AG[,F VMDSFZ[`JZ O,Ml8\U ;M,FZ 5|MH[É8G]\ pÛ3F8G SI]" K[P
 BH}ZFCMDF\ VFIMlHT V[S SFI"ÊDYL VF 5|MH[É8G]\ JrI]"V, pÛ3F8G SI]" CT]\P
 VMDSFZ[`JZ 0[DGF A[SJM8ZDF\ AG[,M VMDSFZ[`JZ O,Ml8\U sTZTMf ;M,FZ
%,Fg8 12 RMZ; lS,MDL8ZDF\ O[,FI[,M K[P T[ EFZTGM ;F{YL DM8M O,Ml8\U ;M,FZ 5|MH[É8 K[P
 VF ;FY[ DwI5|N[XG[ 278 D[UFJM8 JLH/L D/JF ,FUL K[P GM\WGLI K[ S[ VCÄ 518 D[UFJM8GM O,Ml8\U ;M,FZ %,Fg8
5|:TFlJT K[P ALÔ TAÞFDF\ 240 D[UFJM8GM %,Fg8 :YF5JFDF\ VFJX[P
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ VMDSFZ[`JZ 0[D V[ DwI5\N[XGF B\0JF lH<,FDF\ GD"NF GNL 5Z VFJ[,M U]ZtJFSQF"6 A\W K[P

EFZT[ 5|YD AFIMvlA8–]D[G CF.J[ :8=[R X~ SIM„

EFZT[ TFH[TZDF\ DFG;Z4 GFU5]Z4 DCFZFQ8=DF\ NH-44 5Z T[GF 5|YD AFIMvlA8–]D[G 8[SŸGM,MÒGM p5IMU SIM" K[4
H[ 5|FH .g0:8=Lh4 CSIR - CRRI, NHAI VG[ VMlZV[g8,GF ;CIMUL 5|IF;M äFZF lJS;FJJFDF\ VFJL K[P
AFIMvlA8–]D[G 5Z\5ZFUT lA8–]D[GGM 8SFp lJS<5 K[P T[ l,uGLGDF\YL D[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[4 H[ KM0GL SMQFGL
lNJF,MDF\ Ô[JF D/T]\ S]NZTL 5Ml,DZ K[P VF ;FDU|L AF.g0Z TZLS[ SFD SZ[ K[4 H[ 5Z\5ZFUT lA8–]D[GG[ ;DFG
U]6WD" 5|NFG SZ[ K[P 5Z\T] 5IF"JZ6LI V;Z B}A VMKL K[P
11
ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS ICE RAJKOT

TlD,GF0]DF\ ;D]ã 5Z AGFJ[,M N[XGM 5|YD u,F; lA|H

TlD,GF0] ZFßIGF SgIFS]DFZLDF\ ;D]ã 5Z N[XGM 5C[,M u,F; lA|H sSFRGM 5],f AGFJJFDF\ VFjIM K[P
 VF 5],G]\ pÛ3F8G TlD,GF0]GF D]bID\+L zL V[DP S[P :8Fl,G äFZF SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P
 VF 5], 77 DL8Z ,F\AM VG[ 10 DL8Z 5CM/M K[4 H[ lJJ[SFG\N ZMS
D[DMlZI, VG[ SgIFS]DFZLGF ALR 5Z l:YT lTZ]J<,]ZGL 133 O}8
êRL 5|lTDFG[ Ô[0[ K[P
 VF 5],GF lGDF"6DF\ S], 37 SZM0 ~l5IFGM BR" YIM CTMP
 SFRGM 5], VtIFW]lGS 8[SŸGM,MÒYL AGFJJFDF\ VFjIM K[4 H[YL T[
NlZIFGL lJS8 5lZl:YlTGM ;FDGM SZL XS[ K[P
TYF DHA}T NlZIF. 5JGM VG[ SF8 H[JF 5lZA/MG[ wIFGDF\ ZFBLG[ VF 5],GL ZRGF SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 T[GL SFRGL ;5F8L äFZF 5|JF;LVM ;D]ãGL GLR[GM GÔZM Ô[. XS[ K[4 H[ V[S ZMDF\RS VG[ VlJ:DZ6LI VG]EJ 5|NFG SZ[ K[P
 lA|H 5Z RF,JFYL 5|JF;LVMG[ ;D]ãGM VGMBM GÔZM Ô[JF D/[ K[4 H[ T[DG[ S]NZTL ;F{\NI"GM ;\5}6" VG]EJ VF5[ K[P
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;\Z1F6 D\+F,IV[ 2025G[ —;]WFZFGF JQF„˜ TZLS[ ÔC[Z SI]„
EFZTGF ;\Z1F6 D\+F,IV[ 2025G[ —;]WFZFG]\ JQF"˜ (Year of Reforms) TZLS[ ÔC[Z SI]" K[P
 VF 5C[,GM C[T] ;X:+ N/MG[ VFW]lGS AGFJJFGM K[P H[ ;\I]ÉT SFDULZL4 VnTG TSGLSM VG[ ;\Sl,T jI}CZRGFVM
5Z wIFG S[lgãT SZ[ K[P
 EFZT lJS;TF ;]Z1FF 50SFZMGM ;FDGM SZL Zæ]\ K[P H[DF\ VFW]lGS VG[ TSGLSL ZLT[ VnTG ;{gIGL H~Z K[P
 VF ;]WFZFVM VM5Z[XG, Tt5ZTFDF\ ;]WFZM SZLG[ VG[ VFDL"4 G[JL VG[ V[ZOM;" JrR[GF ;CIMUG[ 5|Mt;FlCT SZLG[
VF 50SFZMGM ;FDGM SZX[P
;\I]ÉT ZFQ8= äFZF ÔC[Z SZ[, S[8,FS DCÀJGF VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF„GL pHJ6L
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2025 SJMg8D ;FIg; V[g0 8[SŸGM,MÒG]\ JQF"
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u,[lXI;"GL Ô/J6LG]\ VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF"
VF\TZZFQ8=LI ;CSFZL JQF"
2026 8SFp lJSF; DF8[ :JI\;[JSMG]\ VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF"
DlC,F B[0}TMG]\ VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF"
2027 8SFp VG[ l:YlT:YF5S 5|JF;GG]\ VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF"
2029 V[:8ZM.0 ÔU'lT VG[ U|C ;\Z1F6G]\ VF\TZZFQ8=LI JQF"
15
ICE RAJKOT ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS

GJL lN<CLDF\ 5|YD V[lXIG AÁâ ;lD8 IMÔ.

TFH[TZDF\ EFZTGF ;\:S'lT D\+F,I VG[ VF\TZZFQ8=LI AÁâ ;\3 (IBC) äFZF EFZTDF\ GJL lN<CL BFT[ 5|YD V[lXIG
AÁâ ;lD8G]\ VFIMHG SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P
 ;DU| V[lXIFDF\ AÁâ ;D]NFIMDF\ ;\JFNG[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5JF4 ;DH6G[
5|Mt;FCG VF5JF VG[ ;DSF,LG 50SFZMG[ ;\AMlWT SZJFGF C[T]YL VF V[S GM\W5F+ VF\TZZFQ8=LI D[/FJ0M K[P
 VF ;lD8GL YLD 'Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia' K[P
 VF ;lD8GM C[T] ;\3GF G[TFVM4 lJäFGM4 lGQ6FTM VG[ lJlJW AÁâ 5Z\5ZFVMGF VeIF;LVMG[ V[S SZJFGM K[P T[
;\JFNG[ 5|Mt;FlCT SZJF VG[ ;DH6G[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5JF DF\U[ K[P
 —EFZT V[lXIFG[ Ô[0TF WdD ;[T] slA|Hf TZLS[˜ lXQF"SJF/F lJX[QF 5|NX"GDF\ ;DU| V[lXIFDF\ AÁâ WD"GF 5|;FZDF\
EFZTGL E}lDSF 5Z 5|SFX 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM CTMP
GM\W o VF\TZZFQ8=LI AÁâ ;\3 (IBC) V[ GJL lN<CLDF\ Â:YT AÁâ K+ ;\:YF K[ H[ lJ`JEZGF AÁâM DF8[ V[S ;FDFgI
%,[8OMD" TZLS[ ;[JF VF5[ K[P
R
ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãÁ5NL D]D]„GL V<H[lZIF4 DMlZ8FlGIF VG[ D,FJLGL D],FSFT
TFH[TZDF\ EFZTGF ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãÁ5NL D]D]"V[ V<H[lZIF4 DMlZ8FlGIF VG[ D,FJL V[D +6 VFlËSG N[XMGL
D],FSFT ,LWL CTLP
 VF D],FSFT NZlDIFG T[D6[ EFZTvD,FJLGL jIF5FZ DL8DF\ CFHZL VF5L VG[ ;\AMWG SI]" CT]\P
 ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãÁ5NL D]D]"V[ H6FjI]\ S[ D,FJL S]NZTL E\0FZ VG[ O/ã]5 S'lQF HDLGYL ;D'â N[X K[P
 ALÒ TZO EFZTDF\ T[GL DM8L J;TL DF8[ éÔ"4 BlGÔ[ VG[ BMZFSGL JWTL HTL DF\U ;FY[ lJXF/ U|FCS VFWFZ K[P
VFD A\G[ N[XM 36F 1F[+MDF\ TF,D[, D[/JJF DF8[ V[S ;FY[ VFJL XS[ K[P
 ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãÁ5NL D]D]"V[ V<H[lZIFDF\ DSFD V[RFlCN :DFZS 5Z 5]Q5FH\l, V5"6 SZL CTLP
 VF p5ZF\T J[5FZ VG[ ZMSF6 5Z lJX[QF wIFG S[ÂgãT SZLG[ EFZTvV<H[lZIF ;\A\WMG[ prR :TZ[ ,. HJFGF DFUM" 5Z
RRF" SZL CTLP
 ßIFZ[ DMlZ8FlGIFGL D],FSFT NZlDIFG EFZT VG[ DMlZ8FlGIFV[ RFZ ;DH}TL SZFZ (MoU) 5Z C:TF1FZ SZLG[
T[DGF lä51FLI ;\A\WMG[ JWFZJFGL lNXFDF\ V[S DCÀJ5}6" 5U,]\ EI]" K[P
 VF SZFZDF\ ZFHäFZLVMGL TF,LD4 ;F\:S'lTS lJlGDI4 lJhF D]ÂÉT VG[ lJN[X SFIF",IGF 5ZFDX"GM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

D,FJL
D,FJL Nl1F65}J" VFlËSFDF\ Â:YT V[S ,[g0,MS N[X K[P
 T[ 5'yJLGF Nl1F6 VG[ 5}J" UM/FW"GF 5|N[XMDF\ VFJ[,M K[P
 T[ p¿Z5ÂüDDF\ hFÂdAIF4 p¿Z5}J"DF\ TF\hFlGIF VG[ 5}J"4 Nl1F6 VG[
Nl1F65ÂüDDF\ DMhFÂdAS ;FY[ ;ZCN WZFJ[ K[P
 D,FJL VUFp gIF;F,[g0 TZLS[ VM/BFT]\ CT]\P
 D,FJLGL ZFHWFGL VG[ ;ÁYL DM8] \ XC[ Z l,,M\ U J[ K[ P
24
ICE RAJKOT ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS

;]5|LD SM8[„ GJL gIFID}lT„ 5|lTDFG]\ VGFJZ6 SI]„

TFH[TZDF\ ;]5|LD SM8"DF\ —,[0L VMO HÂ:8;˜ V[8,[ S[ gIFIGL N[JLGL 5|lTDF :YFl5T SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 VF 5|lTDF ;]5|LD SM8"GF HÔ[GL ,F.A|[ZLDF\ :YFl5T SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 H}GL 5|lTDFGL HuIFV[ VF GJL 5|lTDF ;]5|LD SM8"GF D]bI gIFIFWLXGF lGN["X 5Z :YFl5T SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P

GJL 5|lTDF lJX[

;]5|LD SM8"DF\ ,[0L VMO HÂ:8; V[8,[ S[ gIFIGL N[JLGL 5|lTDFGL VF\BGL 5ÎL
C8FJL N[JFDF\ VFJL K[4 H[ VtIFZ ;]WL SFINM VF\W/M CMJFG]\ NXF"JTL CTLP
 TYF 0FAF CFYDF\ T,JFZGL HuIFV[ A\WFZ6G]\ 5]:TS VF5JFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
 ;]5|LD SM8"GF D]bI gIFIFWLX zL 0LPJFIP R\ãR]0[ H6FjI]\ CT]\ S[ N[XDF\ SFINM
VF\W/M GYL VG[ T[ ;ÔG]\ 5|lTS GYLP
R
 H}GL 5|lTDF 5Z VF\B[ 5ÎL NXF"J[ K[ S[ SFINFGL GHZDF\ NZ[S ;DFG K[4 ßIFZ[
T,JFZ ;¿F VG[ U]G[UFZG[ ;Ô SZJFGL XÂÉTG]\ 5|lTS CT]\P
 Ô[S[ 5|lTDFGF HD6F CFYDF\ +FHJ]\ H[D CT]\ T[D H Ô/JL ZFBJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
 +FHJ]\ NXF"J[ K[ S[ VNF,T SM. lGQSQF" 5Z 5CM\RTF 5C[,F A\G[ 51FMGL CSLSTM
VG[ N,L,M H]V[ K[ VG[ ;F\E/[ K[P
 D}lT" ;O[N Z\UGL K[ VG[ T[G[ ;O[N RMZ; %,[8OMD" 5Z D}SJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 H}GL 5|lTDFDF\ 5MXFS 5ÂüD heEM CTM4 ßIFZ[ GJL 5|lTDFDF\ CJ[ EFZTLI
;F0L sVYJF EFZTLI XF:+LI G'tI 5MXFSf K[P
 VF 5|lTDFG[ Ô6LTF lX<5SFZ lJGMN UÁ:JFDLV[ AGFJL K[P

gIFIGL N[JLGL GJL VG[ H}GL 5|lTDF JrR[GM TOFJT

H}GL 5|lTDF GJL 5|lTDF
 VF\BM 5Z 5ÎL AF\W[,L CTLP  VF\BM 5ZYL 5ÎL N}Z SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 0FAF CFYDF\ T,JFZ CTLP  T,JFZGL HuIFV[ CJ[ A\WFZ6G]\ 5]:TS ZFBJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
 HD6F CFYDF\ +FHJF CTFP  GJL 5|lTDFDF\ 56 HD6F CFYDF\ +FHJF Ô/JL ZFBJFDF\ VFjIF K[P
 5MXFS o 5Z\5ZFUT 5ÂüDL heEM  GJL 5|lTDFDF\ 5MXFS EFZTLI ;F0L K[P

GM\W o (1) ,[0L VMO HÂ:8;GL KAL U|LS VG[ ZMDG 5ÁZFl6S SYFVMDF\ T[GF D}/ WZFJ[ K[P
(2) lA|l8XSF/ NZlDIFG EFZT[ —,[0L HÂ:8;˜GL 5|lTDFqKAL V5GFJL CTLP
(3) lJ`JGF 36F N[XMDF\ gIFIGL N[JLGL VF 5|lTDF VNF,TM4 SFINFSLI SR[ZLVM VG[ X{1Fl6S ;\:YFDF\ Ô[. XSFI K[P

26
 03 lJ`JGF JT„DFG 5|JFCMGL
DCÀJGL 38GFVM

AF<0 .U,G[ ;¿FJFZ ZLT[ VD[lZSFGF ZFQ8=LI 51FL TZLS[ ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjI]\
TFH[TZDF\ AF<0 .U,G[ VD[lZSFG]\ ZFQ8=LI 51FL TZLS[ ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
 Ô[ AF.0G[ SFINF 5Z C:TF1FZ SIF" AFN T[G[ ;¿FJFZ ZLT[ VD[lZSFG]\ ZFQ8=LI 51FL
ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]P\
 AF<0 .U, K[ < ,F 248 JQF" Y L V[ 8 ,[ S[ VD[ l ZSFGL :YF5GF Y. tIFZYL
VD[lZSFG]\ 5|lTS Zæ]\ K[P
 VD[lZSG ZFQ8=5lTGF wJH 5Z4 V[S 0M,ZGL R,6L GM8 5Z4 VD[R lZSG lDl,8ZLGF lRgCM VG[ VD[lZSFGF CFp; VMO
lZ5|hg8[l8JG[ V5FTL K0LDF\ 56 AF<0 .U,GF lR+MGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[P

l0\UF l0\UF GFDGL I]UFg0FDF\ ZC:DI lADFZL

I]UFg0FDF\ —l0\UF l0\UF˜ TZLS[ VM/BFTL V[S GJL lADFZL pEZL VFJL K[P VF lADFZLV[ A]\NLA]uIM lJ:TFZG[ BF;
SZLG[ V;Z SZL K[ H[DF\ ,UEU 300 S[; GM\WFIF K[P H[DF\ DM8F EFUGL DlC,FVM VG[ KMSZLVM K[P
 ,1F6MDF\ TFJ VG[ XZLZGL TLJ| W|]ÔZLGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[4 H[ UlTlX,TFG[ VJZMW[ K[P GM\WFI[,F VgI ;FDFgI
,1F6MDF\ DFYFGM N]BFJM4 pWZ;4 JC[T] GFS VG[ XZLZDF\ N]BFJM K[P VF lADFZLV[ ZMÒ\NF ÒJGG[ V;Z SZL K[P
 VF ZMUDF\ 5Ll0T GFRTF CMI T[J]\ ,FU[ K[P

;LlZIFDF\ ;¿F5,8M
TFH[TZDF\ A/JFBMZ H}Y CIFT TClZZ V,vXFD (HTS)GL VFU[JFGL C[9/GF ;LlZIG A/JFBMZ H}YV[ ;LlZIFGL
ZFHWFGL NDF:S; 5Z SAÔ[ HDFjIM CTMP
 H[GF SFZ6[ ;LlZIFGF ZFQ8=5lT AXZ V,vV;NGF XF;GGM V\T VFjIM CTMP
 AXZ V,vV;N N[X KM0L EFUL UIF CTF VG[ ZlXIFDF\ XZ6 ,LW]\ CT]P\
 tIFZAFN A/JFBMZMV[ DMCdDN V, AXLZG[ ;LlZIFGF JRUF/FGF J0F5|WFG TZLS[ lGI]ÉT SIF" K[ T[VM 1 DFR"4 2025
;]WL J0F5|WFG TZLS[ ;[JF VF5X[P

;LlZIG UƒC I]â lJX[ S[8,LS DFlCTL

1971YL ;LlZIF 5Z V;N 5lZJFZG]\ XF;G CT]\4 CFO[h V,vV;N 2000DF\ T[DGF D'tI] ;]WL ;ZD]BtIFZXFCL
G[TF TZLS[ ;[JF VF5L ZæF CTFP
 tIFZAFN T[DGF 5]+ AXZ V,vV;N T[DGF VG]UFDL AgIF VG[ ;¿F 5Z 5lZJFZGL 5S0 RF,] ZFBLP
 2011DF\ VFZA J;\TGL ,C[Z JrR[ V;NGF XF;G ;FD[ lJZMW OF8L lGS?IM CTMP
37
 EFZT VG[ U]HZFT ;ZSFZGL TFH[TZGL
04 VUtIGL IMHGFVM4 lDXG4 VlEIFG4 V[54
J[A 5M8„,4 5Ml,;L TYF 5C[,

;\Z1F6 D\+F,I[ —ZFQ8=5J„˜ J[A;F.8 VG[ V[5 ,MgR SZL

TFH[TZDF\ ;\Z1F6 D\+F,I[ —ZFQ8=5J"˜ J[A;F.8 VG[ DMAF., V[5
,MgR SZL K[P
 H[GM pÛ[xI ZFQ8=LI TC[JFZM V\U[GL DFlCTL ,MSM ;]WL 5CM\RF0JFGL K[P
 T[ DFlCTL DF8[ S[gãLI CA TZLS[ ;[JF VF5[ K[4 H[YL GFUlZSM VFJGFZL
38GFVM lJX[ ;Z/TFYL lJUTM D[/JL XS[P
 VF 5C[, TDFD J;TL lJQFISGL ;CEFlUTFG[ 5|Mt;FlCT SZLG[ ;DFJ[XG[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5[ K[P
 J[A;F.8 VG[ V[5 I]hZGL ;UJ0 DF8[ ZRFI[, ;]lJWFGL z[6RL 5|NFG SZ[ K[P J5ZFXSTF"VM .J[g84 X[0–],4 :YFG4
lJUTM VG[ GM\W6L DFlCTLG[ V[É;[; SZL XS[ K[P
 VF %,[8OMD" lZV,v8F.D V50[8Ÿ; 5|NFG SZ[ K[P H[ ;]lGlüT SZ[ K[ S[ ,MSM ZFQ8=LI pHJ6L lJX[ GJLG DFlCTL
D[/JL XS[P

I]Y SM o ,[A .GMJ[XG R[,[gH 2024-2025

TFH[TZDF\ ;FTDL I]Y SM o ,[A G[XG, .GMJ[XG R[,[gH 2024-2025 DF8[ X~ SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 T[ V8, .GMJ[XG lDXG (AIM), GLlT VFIMU4 I]GF.8[0 G[Xg; 0[J,5D[g8 5|MU|FD (UNDP) VG[ l;8L OFpg0[XG
JrR[GM ;CIMU K[P
 VF 5C[,GM 5|FYlDS pÛ[xI ;FDFlHS ;FCl;STF VG[ 8SFp lJSF;G[ 5|Mt;FlCT
SZJFGM K[P
 VF R[,[gH ;CEFULVMG[ ;CFIS 8[SŸGM,MÒ4 ;DFlJQ8 lX1F6 VG[ ;],E ;\EF/
DM0, ;lCT lJlJW 1F[+MDF\ pS[, AGFJJF DF8[ ;XÉT AGFJJFGM 5|IF; SZ[ K[P
 2024-2025GL R[,g[ H —lJS,F\U jIlÉTVM DF8[ TSM VG[ ;]BFSFZLGL V[S;[; JWFZJL˜ YLD C[9/ lJS,F\U jIlÉTVM

(PWDs) äFZF ;\RFl,T VYJF ;[JF VF5TF :8F8"V%;G[ 5|FYlDSTF VF5[ K[P

GM\W o (1) I]Y SMo,[AG[ 2017DF\ UNDP VG[ citi OFpg0[XG äFZF ;C lGDF"6 SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P H[GM C[T] G[T'tJ4
;FDFlHS GJLGTF VG[ pnMU ;FCl;ÉTF äFZF 8SFp lJSF; ,1IM (SDG)GF VD,LSZ6G[ J[U VF5JF DF8[
I]JFGMG[ ;XlÉTSZ6 VG[ ZMSF6 SZJFGM K[P
(2) EFZTDF\ V8, .GMJ[XG lDXG4 GLlT VFIMUGF ;CIMUYL 2019DF\ I]Y SM o ,[A X~ SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP

52
 U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ IMÔI[,F
05 DCÀJGF ;\D[,GM4 DCMt;JM4 ;lD84 VUtIGL
38GFGL pHJ6L TYF VgI .J[g8M

UNCCD DF8[ COP16

TFH[TZDF\ I]GF.8[0 G[Xg; SgJ[gXG 8] SMdA[8 0[hl8"lOS[XG (UNCCD) DF8[
51FMGL 16DL SMgOZg; (COP16) ;FpNL VZ[lAIFGF lZIFWDF\ IMÔ. CTLP
 VF SMgOZg;DF\ N[XM HDLG 5]Go;\U|C VG[ N]QSF/GL l:YlT:YF5STFG[
5|FYlDSTF VF5JF 5|lTAâ K[P
 DwI5}J" VG[ p¿Z VFlËSF (MENA) 5|N[XDF\ UNCCD COPG]\ VFIMHG
56 5|YD JBT YI]\ CT]\P
GM\W o UNCCD DF8[ COP16 ;FpNL VZ[lAIFGF lZIFWDF\ IMÔ.R CTLP ßIFZ[ H{lJS lJlJWTF ;\D[,G (CBD) DF8[
COP16 SM,\lAIFGF SF,L BFT[ IMÔ. CTLP

UNCCD DF8[ COP16GF D]bI 5lZ6FDM

YLD
UNCCDGL SMgOZg; VMO W 5F8L"h (COP16)GL YLD —VF56L HDLG4 VF56]\ ElJQI˜ (Our Land, Our Future)
CTLP
EFZTG]\ 5|lTlGlWtJ
VF SMgOZg;DF\ EFZTG]\ 5|lTlGlWtJ S[lgãI 5IF"JZ64 JG VG[ VFAMCJF 5lZJT"G D\+L zL E}5[gã IFNJ VG[
ClZIF6FGF D]bID\+L zL GFIAl;\C ;{GLV[ SI]" CT]\P
J{l`JS N]QSF/ Ë[DJS„
T[DF\ J{l`JS N]QSF/ Ë[DJS" TZO ZFQ8=MGF 5|ItGMG[ 5|SFlXT SIF" CTFP
 VG[ 2026DF\ D\UMl,IFDF\ IMÔGFZL COP17 äFZF T[G[ 5}6" SZJFG]\ ,1I GÞL SI]" K[P

GF6FSLI 5|lTAâTF
Z6LSZ64 HDLG VWMUlT VG[ N]QSF/ ;FD[ ,0JF DF8[ 12 lAl,IG VD[lZSG 0M,ZYL JW]G]\ JRG VF5JFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P
 lZIFW J{l`JS N]QSF/ l:YlT:YF5STF EFULNFZLDF\ 80 GA/F N[XMG[ ;CFI 5}ZL 5F0JF DF8[ 12.15 lAl,IG VD[lZSG
0M,ZGL 5|lTAâTF VF5JFDF\ VFJL CTLP H[DF\ VFZA SMVMl0"GX ] GF 10 lAl,IG VD[lZSG 0M,ZGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
[ G U|5
 VFlËSFGL VFU[JFGL C[9/GL U|[8 U|LG JM, (GGW) 5C[,G[ ;FC[, ,[g0:S[5GF 5]Go:YF5G DF8[ .8F,L 5F;[YL 11
lDl,IG I]ZM VG[ 22 VFlËSG N[XM JrR[ ;\S,G JWFZJF DF8[ VMl:8=IFYL 3.6 lDl,IG I]ZM 5|F%T YIFG]\ CF.,F.8 SI]"
CT]\P
63
 06
EFZTLI ;[GF äFZF TFH[TZDF\ YI[,F
;{gI VeIF; TYF VlEIFG

0[h8„ GF.8 V[É;Z;F.h o l+51FLI V[Z SMdA[8 V[É;Z;F.h

EFZT4 ËFg; VG[ I]GF.8[0 VFZA VDLZFT (UAE)V[ —0[h8" GF.8˜ GFDGL
CJF. ,0F. SJFIT IMÒ CTLP
 VF SJFITGM pÛ[xI +6[I ZFQ8=M JrR[ ;\Z1F6 ;CIMU JWFZJFGM K[P
 VF SJFIT Hl8, ,0F.GF ;\Ô[UMDF\ ;CIMUL ZLT[ ;\RF,G SZJFGL JFI];[GFGL
1FDTFG[ ;]WFZJF 5Z wIFG S[lgãT SZ[ K[P
R
0[h8„ GF.8 V[É;Z;F.h (Desert Knight Exercise)
T[ EFZT4 ËFg; VG[ UAE JrR[GL l+51FLI CJF. ,0F. SJFIT K[P
 VF SJFIT EFZT4 ËFg; VG[ UAEGF lJN[X D\+LVM äFZF JQF" 2022DF\ l+51FLI DF/BF 5Z VFWFlZT K[P
 VF SJFITGM 5|FYlDS pÛ[xI ;CEFUL N[XMGL CJF. N/M JrR[ VF\TZSFI" 1FDTF JWFZJFGM K[P
 VF EFULNFZLDF\ DCtJFSF\1FL ZM0D[5DF\ NXF"J[,F VgI 1F[+MGL ;FY[ ;\Z1F64 8[SŸGM,MÒ4 pÔ" VG[ 5IF"JZ6DF\
;CIMUGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
 VF SJFITG[ 'Large Force Engagment' TZLS[ J6"JJFDF\ VFJL K[4 H[DF\ VZAL ;D]ã 5Z SZFRLYL
Nl1F65lüDDF\ VFXZ[ 350-400 lSDL N}Z ;3G ,0FIS NFJ5[R NXF"JJFDF\ VFjIF K[P
 VF JQF[" +6[I JFI];[GFVM JrR[ TF,D[, AGFJJFGM T[DH ,0FIS SF{X<IDF\ ;]WFZM SZJF DF8[GM VF ALÔ[ l+51FLI
5|IF; K[4 H[DF\ AC]lJW V[ZÊFO8 5|SFZM JF:TlJS 5lZl:YlTDF\ SFI"ZT CTFP
 VF SJFITDF\ ;]BM.v30MKI, ZFO[, VG[ F-16 H[JF VnTG lJDFGMG[ ;\0MJTF ;3G ,0FIS NFJ5[RGM ;DFJ[X
YFI K[P
 T[ VF 1F[+DF\ RLGGF V0U J,6 VG[ lJ:TZ6 5|EFJ V\U[GL lR\TFVM JrR[ ;DFG lJRFZWFZF WZFJTF ZFQ8= JrR[
VF\TZ5|lÊIF 5Z JWTF wIFGG[ 56 5|SFlXT SZ[ K[P

SLINEX 2024 G[J, V[É;Z;F.h o EFZTvzL,\SF

5}JL"I GF{SF SDFg0GF G[Ô C[9/ lJXFBF5ÎGD BFT[ 17 YL 20 l0;[dAZ4 2024 NZlDIFG SLINEX 2024 SJFIT CFY
WZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP SLINEX SJFIT EFZT VG[ zL,\SF JrR[ VFIMlHT lä51FLI GF{SF SJFIT K[P
 SLINEXGL X~VFT 2005DF\ lä51FLI GF{SF SJFIT TZLS[ Y. CTLP H[6[ JQFM"YL EFZT VG[ zL,\SF JrR[ NlZIF.
;CIMU DHA}T AGFjIM K[P
 2024GL VFJ'l¿GM pÛ[xI EFZT VG[ zL,\SF JrR[GF DHA}T NlZIF. ;\A\WMG[ JW] DHA}T AGFJJFGM K[ TYF ;]Zl1FT
VG[ lGIDM VFWFlZT NlZIF. JFTFJZ6G[ 5|Mt;FCG VF5JFGM K[P
 2024GL VFJ'l¿ A[ TAÞFDF\ IMÔ. CTL o (1) NlZIF. TAÞM VG[ (2) ;D]ãL TAÞM
78
 ;FIg; V[g0 8[SŸGM,MÒ 1F[+GL DCÀJGL
07 38GFVM TYF ;{gI VG[ ;\Z1F6
;\A\lWT 38GFVM

INS lGN[„XS (INS Nirdeshak)

EFZTLI GF{SFN/GF RFZ VnTG ;J[" J[;, HCFÔ[DF\YL ALÔ —INS lGN["XS˜G[ lJXFBF5ÎGDGF G[J, 0MSIF0" BFT[
EFZTLI GF{SFN/DF\ ;FD[, SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ CT]\P

INS lGN[„XS lJX[

INS lGN["XS V[ EFZTLI GF{SFN/GF ;J[" J[;, sDM8FqLargef 5|MH[É8
C[9/G]\ ALH]\ HCFH K[P
 VF HCFH ,UEU 3400 8GG]\ lJ:YF5G VG[ 110 DL8ZGL V[S\NZ
,\AF. WZFJ[ K[P
 VF HCFHG[ UF0"G ZLR lX5lA<0;" V[g0 V[lgHlGI;" (GBSE),
SM,SFTF äFZF AGFJJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P R
 VF SVL VnTG ;]lJWFVMYL ;ßH K[4 H[ jIF5S NlZIFSF\9FGF VG[ CF.0=MU|FlOS ;J["1F6G[ ;1FD SZ[ K[P
 CF.0=MU|FlOS ;J["1F6 p5ZF\T G[lJU[XGDF\ DNN SZJF VG[ NlZIF. SFDULZLG[ ;DY"G VF5JF DF8[ ZRFI[, K[P
 NZ[S SVL C[l,SM%8ZG[ ;DFJJF DF8[ ;ßH K[4 T[ lJlJW SFDULZLGL ;]lJWFVM VF5[ K[P
 T[ A[ 0Lh, V[lgHG äFZF ;\RFl,T 18 GM8YL JW]GL :5L0 WZFJ[ K[P
 INS lGN["XS 5F;[ lS\DTGL ¹lQ8V[ 80%YL JW] :JN[XL ;FDU|L K[P
 H[ ;\Z1F6 pt5FNGDF\ EFZTGL VFtDlGE"ZTFDF\ V[S ;LDFlRgCŸ~5 K[P

SVL 5|MH[É8
RFZ ;J[" J[;, ,FH" (SVL) HCFÔ[ AGFJJF DF8[GF SZFZ 5Z ;\Z1F6 D\+F,I VG[ GRSE SM,SFTF JrR[ 30
VMÉ8MAZ4 2018GF ZMH C:TF1FZ SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP
 VF 5|MH[É8GM pÛ[xI VnTG ;J["1F6 8[SŸGM,MÒ äFZF NlZIF. G[lJU[XG VG[ VM5Z[XG, ZL5M8"DF\ EFZTLI
GF{SFN/GL 1FDTF JWFZJFGM K[P
RFZ ;J[„ J[;, ,FH„ (SVL) HCFH
ÊD HCFHG]\ GFD ,MgR SlDXg0 l:YlT
1 INS ;\wIFS 5 l0;[dAZ4 2021 3 O[A|]VFZL4 2024 SFI"ZT
2 INS lGN["XS 26 D[4 2022 18 l0;[dAZ4 2024 SFI"ZT

3 INS .1FS 26 GJ[dAZ4 2022 v v

4 INS ;\XMWS 13 H}G4 2023 v v

87
ICE RAJKOT ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS

 5Z\5ZFUT Sd%I}8;" Os VYJF 1s TZLS[ DFlCTL 5Z 5|lÊIF SZJF DF8[ lA8Ÿ;GM p5IMU SZ[ K[P
 ßIFZ[ ÉJMg8D Sd%I}8;" ÉI]lA8Ÿ;GM p5IMU SZ[ K[4 H[ V[S ;FY[ O VG[ 1 A\GG
[ \] 5|lTlGlWtJ SZL XS[ K[P

ISROV[ ZrIM .lTCF;PPPPPPSpaDeX lDXGG]\ ;O/ ,MlgR\U

.lg0IG :5[; lZ;R" VMU["GF.h[XG (ISRO)V[ 30 l0;[dAZGF ZMH ZF+[ 10 JFuI[ zL ClZSM8FGF ;TLX WJG :5[;
;[g8Z (SDSC) SHAR BFT[YL PSLV-C60 ZMS[8GL DNNYL T[G]\ :5[0[É; lDXG s:5[; 0MlS\U V[É;[5[lZD[g8f ,MgR
SI]" CT]\P
 VF lDXGGM pÛ[xI VJSFXDF\ 0MlS\U VG[ VG0MlS\U 8[SŸGM,MÒG]\ 5ZL1F6 SZJFGM K[P
 VF l;lâ AFN EFZT VF 8[SŸGM,MÒGM ;O/TF5}J"S p5IMU SZGFZM lJ`JGM RMYM N[X AGL UIM K[P
 VtIFZ ;]WLDF\ VD[lZSF4 ZlXIF VG[ RLG VFJ]\ lDXG ,MgR SZL R}SRIF K[P
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ PSLV-C60 ZMS[8 5Z A[ p5U|CM SDX-01 VG[ SDX-02 ,MgR SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP

SpaDeX lDXG lJX[

SpaDeX s:5[; 0MlS\U V[É;5[lZD[g8f V[ ISRO äFZF .Gv:5[; 0MlS\U 8[SŸGM,MÒ 5|NlX"T SZJF DF8[ lJS;FJJFDF\

VFJ[, 8[SŸGM,MÒ 0[DMg:8=[8Z lDXG K[P

 SpaDeX lDXGGM 5| F YlDS pÛ[ x I A[ GFGF VJSFXIFGGF

Z[g0[hJ;4 0MlS\U VG[ VG0MlS\U DF8[ H~ZL 8[SŸGM,MÒ lJS;FJJF

VG[ T[G]\ lGNX"G SZJFGM K[P
 VF p5ZF\T SpaDeXGM 5|FYlDS wI[I 5'yJLGL GLRL E|D6S1FFDF\
A[ GFGF VJSFXIFG SDX-1 sR[hZf VG[ SDX 02 s8FU["8f DF8[ 0MlS\U 8[SŸGM,MÒ lJS;FJJFGM K[P
 T[D6[ VnTG ;[g;;" VG[ 5|M5<XG l;:8DGM p5IMU SZLG[ :JFI¿ ZLT[ 0MS SI]" CT]\P
 VgI UF{6 C[T]VMDF\ .,[lÉ8=S 5FJZ 8=Fg;OZG]\ 5ZL1F6 VG[ VJSFXIFGG]\ lGI\+6G]\ 5|NX"G ;FD[, K[P
 VF lDXGGL VJWL A[ JQF"GL K[P
 SpaDeX A[ p5U|CM SDX -1 VG[ SDX -2G[ 5M,FZ ;[8,
[ F.8 ,MgR jCLS, (PSLV) ZMS[8GM p5IMU SZLG[ 470
lSPDLPGL E|D6S1FFDF\ T{GFT SIF" CTFP
 A\G[ p5U|CMG]\ JHG VFXZ[ 220 lSU|F CT]\P
 VF lDXG DF8[ p5IMUDF\ ,[JFI[,L :JN[XL TSGLSG[ —EFZTLI 0MlS\U l;:8D˜ (BDS) TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ SpaDeX X{1Fl6S ;\:YFVM VG[ :8F8"V%;DF\YL 24 5[,M0G[ ,. HJF DF8[ PSLVGM RMYM TAÞM4
POEM (PSLV VMlA"8, V[É;5[lZD[g8, DM0–],f-4GM p5IMU SIM" CTMP

 VF 5|IMUM E|D6S1FFDF\ DF.ÊMU|[JL8L JFTFJZ6GM ,FE ,[X[P

92
 08
VY„jIJ:YF ;\A\lWT
TFH[TZGL VUtIGL 38GFVM

GST SFplg;,GL 55DL A[9S

TFH[TZDF\ ZFH:YFGGF H[;,D[ZDF\ S[gãLI GF6F\ VG[ SM5M"Z[8 AFATMGF
D\+L zLDTL lGD",F l;TFZFDGGL VwI1FTFDF\ 55DL U]0Ÿ; V[g0 ;lJ";
8[É; (GST) SFplg;,GL A[9S IMÔ. CTLP
 VF A[9SDF\ 8[É;GF NZDF\ O[ZOFZ4 J[5FZGL ;]lJWF VG[ GST C[9/
VG]5F,G ;]jIJl:YT SZJFGF C[T]YL 36F DCtJ5}6" lG6"IM ,[JFDF\
VFjIF CTFP R
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ VF A[9SDF\ ClZIF6F4 HdD] VG[ SFxDLZ4 D[3F,I VG[ VMl0XFGF D]bID\+L TYF V~6FR, 5|N[X4 lACFZ4
DwI5|N[X VG[ T[,\UF6FGF GFIA D]bID\+LVMV[ 56 EFU ,LWM CTMP
A[9SGL D]bI lJX[QFTFVM
GST SFplg;,[ GST SZ NZMDF\ O[ZOFZ4 jIlÉTVMG[ ZFCT VF5JF4 J[5FZGL ;]lJWF DF8[GF 5U,F\ VG[ GSTDF\
VG]5F,GG[ ;]jIJl:YT SZJF DF8[GF 5U,F\G[ ,UTL GLR[GL E,FD6M SZL CTLP
GSTDF\YL D]lÉT
 SF/F DZL VG[ lS;lD; B[0}TM äFZF ;LWF ;%,FI SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ T[G[ GSTDF\YL D]lÉT VF5JFDF\ VFJX[P
 ÒG Y[ZF5LG[ GSTDF\YL ;\5}6"56[ D]lÉT VF5JFDF\ VFJL K[P

H}GF VG[ J5ZFI[, .,[lÉ8=S JFCG

 GST SFplg;,[ lAGv.,[lÉ8=S JFCGMGL H[D H TDFD J5ZFI[,F EV J[RF6 5Z 8[É;GM NZ 12%YL JWFZLG[ 18%
SZJFGM lG6"I ,LWM K[P
A[\SGF N\0GF X]<S
 A[\SM VG[ GMGvA[\lS\U OF.GFlgXI, S\5GLVM (NBFCs) äFZF ,MGGL D]NTGF p<,\3G DF8[ N\0GF X]<S 5Z SM. GST
,FU] YTM GYLP
5[D[g8 V[U|LU[8;„
 2000 ~l5IFYL VMKL ZSDGL 5[D[g8 C[g0, SZTF 5[D[g8 V[U|LU[8;" D]lÉT DF8[ 5F+ CX[P
 VF D]lÉT 5[D[g8 U[8J[ VYJF O\0 ;[8,D[g8 ;FY[ V;\A\lWT VgI lOG8[S ;[JFVM ;]WL lJ:TZTL GYLP
V[lJV[XG 8AF„.G O–]V, (ATF)
 GST SFplg;, ATFG[ GSTGF NFIZFDF\ ,FJJF 5Z ;CDT G CTL SFZ6 S[ ZFßIMV[ T[G[ :JLSFZJFGM .GSFZ SIM"
CTMP

105
 09
EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ 5|l;â YI[,F
VUtIGF lZ5M8„4 .g0[É; TYF Z[lgS\U

World Malaria Report 2024

TFH[TZDF\ J<0" C[<Y VMU["GF.h[XG (WHO) äFZF —J<0" D[,[lZIF lZ5M8" 2024˜ ACFZ 5F0JFDF\ VFjIM K[P
 J<0" D[,[lZIF lZ5M8" 2024DF\ H6FjIF VG];FZ EFZT[ D[,[lZIF ;FD[ ,0JFDF\ —GM\W5F+ 5|UlT˜ SZL K[P

lZ5M8„GF D]bI TFZ6M

J{l`JS AMH (2023)
J<0" D[,[lZIF lZ5M8" 2024 VG];FZ JQF" 2023DF\ lJ`JEZDF\ D[,R[lZIFGF 263 lDl,IG S[; VG[ 597,000 D'tI]GM
V\NFH K[P
 T[DFGF VFüI"HGS 95% D'tI] VFlËSFDF\ YIF K[4 ßIF\ lGJFZ6 VG[ ;FZJFZGL 5CM\R DIF"lNT K[P

2000YL J{l`JS 5|UlT

2.2 VAH D[,[lZIFGF S[;M VG[ 12.7 lDl,IG D'tI]G[ 8F/JFDF\ VFjIF CTFP
 36F 5|N[XMDF\ ;TT ;]WFZF ;FY[ S[;GL 38GFVMDF\ GM\W5F+ 38F0M YIM K[P

D[,[lZIF D]ÉT N[XMG]\ 5|DF65+

GJ[dAZ4 2024 ;]WLDF\ WHOV[ TFH[TZDF\ .lH%T ;lCT 44 N[XM VG[ V[S 5|NX
[ G[ D[,l[ ZIF D]ÉT TZLS[ 5|DFl6T SIF" K[P
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ D[,[lZIF D]ÉT ;l8"lOS[XG DF8[ ;TT +6 JQF" X}gI :JN[XL D[,[lZIF S[;GL H~Z ZC[ K[P
 25 D[,[lZIFv:YFIL N[XMDF\ CJ[ JFlQF"S 10YL VMKF S[; GM\WFIF K[4 H[ 2000DF\ 4 CTFP

Nl1F65}J„ V[lXIF 5|UlT

Nl1F65}J" V[lXIFDF\ 2000 YL 2023 ;]WLDF\ D[,[lZIFGF S[;MDF\ 82% 38F0M Ô[JF D?IM K[P
 VF 5|N[XGF V0WF S[; EFZTDF\ K[P
 AF\u,FN[X4 .g0MG[lXIF VG[ G[5F/ H[JF N[XMV[ 56 38F0M GM\WFjIM K[4 ßIFZ[ dIFGDFZ VG[ YF.,[g0DF\ JWFZM YIM K[P

D[,[lZIF S[;MDF\ N[XvlJlXQ8 J,6M

 S[;DF\ 38F0M (2022-23) o G[5F/ (-58.3%), EFZT (-9.6%), AF\u,FN[X (-9.2%) VG[ .g0MG[lXIF (-5.7%).
 S[;DF\ JWFZM o p¿Z SMlZIF (+47.9%), YF.,[g0 (+46.4%) VG[ dIFGDFZ (+45.1%).
 2023DF\ lTDMZv,[:8[ VG[ E}8FGDF\ X}gI :JN[XL D[,[lZIFGF S[; GM\WFIF CTFP
 WHO Nl1F6v5}J" V[lXIF 1F[+DF\ 2023DF\ J{l`JS D[,[lZIFGF 1.5% S[; CTF4 H[DF\ EFZTGM OF/M ,UEU V0WM VG[
.g0MG[lXIFGM ,UEU V[S T'tIF\X CTMP
116
ICE RAJKOT ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS

JG VG[ Jƒ1FMGF VFJZ6DF\ DC¿D JWFZM WZFJTF 8MRGF ZFßIM

ÊD ZFßI Jƒlâ sRMZ; lSDLf
1 K¿L;U- 684

2 p¿Z5|N[X 559

3 VMl0XF 559

4 ZFH:YFG 394

JG VFJZ6DF\ DC¿D JWFZM WZFJTF 8MRGF +6 ZFßIM

ÊD ZFßI JƒlâqJWFZM sRMZ; lSDLf
1 lDhMZD 242
R
2 U]HZFT 180

3 VMl0XF 152

;F{YL JW] —JG VG[ Jƒ1FM˜G]\ VFJZ6 WZFJTF 8MRGF +6 ZFßIM s1F[+O/GL ¹lQ8V[f
ÊD ZFßI RMZ; lSDL
1 DwI5|N[X 85,724

2 V~6FR, 5|N[X 67,083

3 DCFZFQ8= 65,383

;F{YL JW] —JG VFJZ6˜ WZFJTF 8MRGF +6 ZFßIM s1F[+O/GL ¹lQ8=Vf[

ÊD ZFßI RMZ; lSDL
1 DwI5|N[X 77,073

2 V~6FR, 5|N[X 65,882

3 K¿L;U- 55,812

JG lJ:TFZGL ;F{YL JW] 8SFJFZL WZFJTF ZFßIM

ÊD ZFßI 8SFJFZL
1 ,1FäL5 91.33%

2 lDhMZD 85.34%

3 VF\NFDFG VG[ lGSMAFZ 8F5] 81.62%

118
 10
U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ TFH[TZDF\ V[GFIT
YI[,F V[JM0„4 5]Z:SFZ VG[ ;gDFG

lN<CL ;FlCtI VSFNDL 5]Z:SFZ 2024

TFH[TZDF\ lN<CL ;FlCtI VSFNDL äFZF —;FlCtI VSFNDL 5]Z:SFZ 2024˜GL IFNL ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP
 ;FlCtI VSFNDLV[ 21 EFØFVMDF\ T[GF JFlQF"S ;FlCtI VSFNDL 5]Z:SFZMGL ÔC[ZFT SZL K[P
 A\UF/L4 0MUZL VG[ pN]" DF8[GF 5]Z:SFZM 5KLGF TAÞ[ ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFJX[P
 21 EFZTLI EFØFVMDF\ 5|lTlQ9T ßI]ZL ;eIM äFZF E,FD6 SZFI[, 5]Z:SFZMG[ ;FlCtI VSFNDLGF V[lÉhÉI]l8J AM0"
äFZF ;FlCtI VSFNDLGF VwI1F zL DFWJ SF{lXSGL VwI1FTFDF\ D\H}Z SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP
GM\W o H}G 2024DF\ ;FlCtI VSFNDL äFZF I]JF 5]Z:SFZ VG[ AF/ 5]RZ:SFZ ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP
lN<CL ;FlCtI VSFNDL 5]Z:SFZ4 2024
;FlCtI VSFNDL 5]Z:SFZ4 2024 TFH[TZDF\ 21 EFØFVM DF8[ VF5JFDF\ VFjIM CTMP
s18 l0;[dAZ4 2024GL l:YlTV[f sA\UF/L4 0MUZL VG[ pN]" 5FK/YL ÔC[Z YX[Pf
 H[DF\ SlJTFGF 8 5]:TSM4 +6 GJ,SYFVM4 A[ 8}\SL JFTF" ;\U|CM4 +6 lGA\WM4 +6
;FlCtIS lJJ[RG S'lTVM4 V[S GF8S VG[ V[S ;\XMWG SFI"GM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
 H[DF\ ;]zL .:8ZLG lSZ[G[ V\U|[ÒDF\ T[DGL GJ,SYF 'Spirit Night' sl:5lZ8 GF.8f
DF8[ VF V[JM0" D?IM K[P
 ßIFZ[ zL lN,L5 hJ[ZLG[ T[GL SlJTF —EUJFGGL JFTM˜ DF8[ U]HZFTL EFØFGM ;FlCtI VSFNDL V[JM0" D?IM K[P
 UUG lU,G[ —D{\ HA TS VFIL ACFZ˜ SlJTF DF8[ lCgNL EFØFGM ;FlCtI VSFNDL V[JM0" D?IM K[P

lN<CL ;FlCtI VSFNDL V[JM0„ 2024

EFØF lJH[TFq,[BS SƒlTqlXQF„S
VF;FDL ;DLZ T\TL OlZ\UAMZ A8MZ SYF ÔG[ sSlJTFf
AM0M VZMG ZFÔ :Jl6" 9FSJL sGJ,SYFf
V\U|[Ò .:8ZLG lSZ[ l:5lZ8 GF.8Ÿ; sGJ,SYFf
U]HZFTL lN,L5 hJ[ZL EUJFGGL JFTM sSlJTFf
lCgNL UUG lU, D{\ HA TS VFIL ACFZ sSlJTFf
SgG0 S[P JLP GFZFI6 G]lNUF,F V,LJ] s;FlCltIS lJJ[RGf
SFxDLZL ;MCG SF{, ;FlIlSIFl8=S JM0" sGJ,SYFf
SM\S6L D]S[X YF,L Z\UTZ\U slGA\Wf
D{lY,L DC[gã D,\lUIF 5|A\W ;\U|C slGA\Wf
D,IF,D S[P HIS]DFZ l5\U,S[lXGL sSlJTFf
133
ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS ICE RAJKOT

zL GZ[gãEF. DMNLG[ V[GFIT YI[,F VgI 5]Z:SFZM

ÊD V[JM0„ N[Xq;\:YF JQF„
1 V[lXIG VMO W IZ W :8=[8Ÿ; 8F.d; 2014
2 .Âg0IG VMO W IZ CNN-IBN 2014
3 R[Âd5IG VMO W VY" V[JM0" I]GF.8[0 G[Xg; 2018
4 l;VM, XF\lT 5]Z:SFZ Nl1F6 SMlZIF 2018
5 u,MA, UM,SL5Z V[JM0" AL, V[g0 D[l,g0F U[8Ÿ; OFpg0[XG 2019
6 SL VMO W l;8L æ]:8G4 8[É;F;4 VD[lZSF 2019
7 u,MA, V[GÒ" V[g0 V[gJFIZgD[g8 S[ÂdA|H V[GÒ" lZ;R" 2021
,L0ZXL5 V[JM0" V[;Ml;V[8Ÿ;
8 Ebakl V[JM0" 5,Fp 2023
R
34D]\ jIF; ;gDFG 2024
Ô6LTF lCgNL ,[BS ;}I"AF,FG[ T[DGL GJ,SYF —SF{G N[; SM JF;L o J[6] SL 0FIZL˜
DF8[ 34D]\ jIF; ;gDFG 2024 V[GFIT SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[P
 2018DF\ 5|SFlXT YI[,L VF GJ,SYF VD[lZSFDF\ EFZTLI I]JFGM äFZF ;FDGM SZL
ZC[,F ;F\:S'lTS ;\3QFM" VG[ VM/BGF ;\3QFM"GL lJUT VF5[ K[P
 VF 5|lTlQ9T 5]Z:SFZ S[P S[P lAZ,F OFpg0[XG äFZF lCgNL ;FlCtIDF\ ptS'Q8 IMUNFG
AN, VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
 S[P S[P lAZ,F OFpg0[XG äFZF 1991DF\ VF 5]Z:SFZGL :YF5GF SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP
 VF 5]Z:SFZDF\ ~P 4 ,FBG]\ ZMS0 5]Z:SFZ4 5|Xl:T5+ VG[ TSTLGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P

.lgNZF UF\WL XF\lT 5]Z:SFZ 2024 : ;]zL lDX[, A[R[,[8

2024 DF8[ XF\lT4 lGoX:+LSZ6 VG[ lJSF; DF8[ .lgNZF UF\WL XF\lT 5]Z:SFZ lRl,GF
E}T5}J" ZFQ8=5lT VG[ DFGJ VlWSFZ4 l,\U ;DFGTF VG[ ,MSXFCL DF8[ J{l`JS
lCDFITL ;]zL lDX[, A[R[,[8G[ V[GFIT SZJFDF\ VFJX[P
 zL lXJX\SZ D[GGGL VFU[JFGL C[9/GL ßI]ZLV[ DFGJ VlWSFZM VG[ ;DFGTFDF\
T[DGF ptS'Q8 IMUNFG DF8[ ;]zL lDX[, A[R[,[8GL 5;\NUL SZL CTLP
 ;]zL lDX[, A[R[,[8V[ 2006 YL 2010 ;]WL VG[ 2014 YL 2018 ;]WL lRl,GF ZFQ8=5lT
TZLS[ ;[JF VF5L CTLP T[D6[ EFZT VG[ lR,L JrR[ D]ÉT J[5FZ SZFZGL :YF5GFDF\ D]bI
E}lDSF EHJL CTLP
 ;]zL lDX[, A[R[,[8 DFGJ VlWSFZMGF DHA}T lCDFITL ZæF K[P T[D6[ 2010 YL 2013 ;]WL I]V[G J]DGGF 5|YD
lGN["XS TZLS[ ;[JF VF5L CTLP

137
 11 ZDTvUDT

EFZT ISSF H]lGIZ J<0„ S5 2025GL IHDFGL SZX[

EFZTG[ 2025GF p¿ZFWDF\ .g8ZG[XG, X}l8\U :5M8" O[0Z[XG (ISSF)
H]lGIZ J<0" S5 DF8[ CMl:8\U VlWSFZM V[GFIT SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P
 H[ EFZTLI X}l8\U ZDTM DF8[ V[S ;LDFlRgCŸ~5 CX[ TYF VF IHDFGL
J{l`JS 1F[+[ N[XGL JWTL 5|lTAâTF NXF"J[ K[P
 EFZTDF\ VF .J[g8G]\ VFIMHG 5|YD JBT YX[P
R
 ISSF H]lGIZ J<0" S5 V[S 5|lTlQ9T R[ld5IGlX5 K[ H[ X}l8\U :5M8"Ÿ;DF\ I]JF 5|lTEFG[ lRlgCŸT SZ[ K[P

 G[XG, ZF.O, V[;Ml;V[XG VMO .lg0IF (NRAI)V[ H]lGIZ J<0" S5 DF8[ CMl:8\U VlWSFZM D[/JJFDF\ DCÀJGL E}lDSF
EHJL K[P

DlC,F SA»L J<0„ S5 2025 lACFZDF\ IMÔX[

lACFZ DFR" 2025DF\ ZFHULZ :5M8Ÿ;" V[S[0[DLGF .g0MZ CM,DF\ DlC,F SA»L J<0" S5G]\ VFIMHG SZX[P
 EFZT4 RLG4 Ô5FG4 Nl1F6 SMlZIF4 G[5F/4 5FlS:TFG4 .ZFG4 .g0MG[lXIF4 zL,\SF4 YF.,[g04 5M,[g04 VFH["lg8GF VG[
Nl1F6 VFlËSF ;lCT S], 14 N[XM EFU ,[ T[JL V5[1FF K[P
 lACFZ ALÒ JBT DlC,F SA»L J<0" S5GL IHDFGL SZX[4 H[ VUFp 2012DF\ 58GFDF\ 5F8,L5]+ :5M8Ÿ;" SMd5,[É;
BFT[ IMÔ. CTLP
GM\Wo (1) DlC,F SA»L J<0" S5 V[ DlC,F 8LDM DF8[GL VF\TZZFQ8=LI SA»L :5WF" K[P
(2) T[G]\ VFIMHG VF\TZZFQ8=LI SA»L O[0Z[XG (IKF) äFZF SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
(3) 5|YD DlC,F SA»L J<0" S5 2012DF\ lACFZGF 58GFDF\ IMÔIM CTMP

V\0Zv19 lJD[g; T-20 V[lXIF S5 2024DF\ EFZT R[ld5IG

TFH[TZDF\ 15 YL 22 l0;[dAZ 2024 NZlDIFG ACC V\0Z-19 lJD[g; T-20 V[lXIF S5GL 5|YD VFJ'l¿ D,[lXIFDF\
IMÔ. CTLP
 VF 8]GF"D[g8DF\ S], 6 8LDMV[ EFU ,LWM CTMP H[DF\ AF\u,FN[X4 EFZT4 D,[lXIF4 G[5F/4 5FlS:TFG VG[ zL,\SFGM
;DFJ[X YFI K[P
 VF 8]GF"D[g8GL OF.G, D[R EFZT VG[ AF\u,FN[X JrR[ IMÔ. CTLP
 H[DF\ EFZT[ AF\u,FN[XG[ 5ZFHI VF5L VF 8]GF"D[g8 ÒTL ,LWL K[P
 VF ;FY[ EFZT[ ACC V\0Z-19 lJD[g; V[lXIF S5G]\ pÛ3F8G VFJ'l¿ V[8,[ S[ 5|YD 8F.8, ÒTL ,LW]\ K[P
 VF 8]GF"D[g8DF\ %,[IZ VMO W l;ZLh EFZTGF ;]zL UM\UNL l+XF AgIF CTFP T[D6[ VF 8]GF"D[g8DF\ 159 ZG O8SFIF" CTFP
 ßIFZ[ VF 8]GF"D[g8DF\ ;F{YL JW] lJS[8 ;]zL VFI]QFL X]S,FV[ 10 lJS[8 h05L CTLP
149
ICE MAGIC CURRENT AFFAIRS ICE RAJKOT

J<0„ S5GL OF.G, D[R

ICC DlC,F T-20 J<0" S5 2024GL OF.G, D[R N]A.DF\ N]A. .g8ZG[XG, lÊS[8 :8[l0ID BFT[ IMÔ. CTLP
 OF.G, D[RDF\ gI]hL,[g0V[ Nl1F6 VFlËSFG[ 32 ZGYL 5ZFHI VF5L VF J<0" S5 ÒTL ,LWM CTMP
 VF ;FY[ gI}hL,[g0GL DlC,F 8LD[ 5|YDJFZ T-20 J<0" S5G]\ 8F.8, ÒtI]\ K[P
 OF.G, D[RDF\ %,[IZ VMO W D[R V[D[l,IF S[Z AgIF CTFP

%,[IZ VMO W l;ZLh

ICC DlC,F T-20 J<0" S5 2024DF\ —%,[IZ VMO W l;ZLh˜ gI]hL,[g0GF ;]zL V[D[l,IF S[Z AgIF CTFP

;ÁYL JW] ZG VG[ lJS[8

ICC DlC,F T-20 J<0" S5 2024DF\ ;ÁYL JW] ZG VFlËSFGF B[,F0L ;]zL ,ÁZF JM<JF0"V[ O8SFIF" CTFP T[D6[ VF J<0"
S5DF\ 223 ZG O8SFIF" CTFP
 ßIFZ[ gI}hL,[g0GF B[,F0L ;]zL V[D[l,IF S[ZV[ ;ÁYL JW] 15 lJS[8 h05L
R CTLP T[D6[ VM,ZFpg0Z 5|NX"G SI]" CT]\P

ICC Women's T-20 J<0„ S5

ICC Women's T-20 lÊS[8 J<0" S5GM 5|FZ\E JQF" 2009YL YIM CTMP
 JQF" 2009 AFN JQF" 2010YL VF J<0" S5 NZ A[ JQF[" IMÔI K[P
 JQF" 2024 ;]WLDF\ S], GJ JBT VF J<0"S5G]\ VFIMHG YI]\ K[P
 T[DF\YL VM:8=[l,IFV[ ;ÁYL JW] 6 JBT VF J<0" S5 ÒtIM K[P
 VM:8=[l,IF p5ZF\T çu,[g04 gI}hL,[g0 VG[ J[:8 .Âg0h[ VF J<0" S5 1-1 JBT ÒtIM K[P
 EFZT CÒ ;]WL V[S 56 JBT VF J<0" S5 ÒTL XÉI]\ GYLP
 JQF" 2016DF\ EFZTDF\ VF J<0"S5G]\ VFIMHG YI]\ CT]\P CJ[ 5KL JQF" 2026DF\ çu,[g0DF\ VF J<0" S5 IMÔX[P

ICC Women's T-20 J<0„ S5

ÊD JQF„ lJH[TF ZG;„ V5
1st 2009 èu,[g0 gI]hL,[g0
2nd 2010 VM:8=[l,IF gI]hL,[g0
3rd 2012 VM:8=[l,IF èu,[g0
4th 2014 VM:8=[l,IF èu,[g0
5th 2016 J[:8 .Âg0h VM:8=[l,IF
6th 2018 VM:8=[l,IF èu,[g0
7th 2020 VM:8=[l,IF EFZT
8th 2023 VM:8=[l,IF NPVFlËSF
9th 2024 gI}hL,[g0 NPVFlËSF
GM\W o ICCG]\ 5}Z]\ GFD 'International Cricket Council' K[P
155
 12
U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JDF\ DCÀJGF
CMÛFVM 5Z TFH[TZDF\ YI[,L lGD6}S

ZFQ8=LI DFGJ VlWSFZ VFIMU (NHRC)GF GJF VwI1F o zL JLP ZFD;]AD

| ^IG
;]5|LD SM8"GF lGJ'¿ gIFIFWLX zL JLP ZFD;]A|D^IDG[ —ZFQ8=LI DFGJ VlWSFZ VFIMU˜ (National Human Rights
Commission)GF GJF VwI1F TZLS[ lGD6}S SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
 VF lGD6}SGL ÔC[ZFT ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãM5NL D]D]" äFZF SZJFDF\ VFJL CTLP
 NHRCGF VwI1F TZLS[ T[D6[ Hl:8; V~6 S]DFZ lDzFG]\ :YFG ,LW] K[P
H[DGM SFI"SF/ 1 H}G4 2024GF ZMH 5}ZM YIM CTMP

R
GM\WGLI K[ S[ zL V~6 S]DFZ lDzFGM SFI"SF/ 5}6" YIF AFN ;]zL lJHIF
EFZTL ;IFGLV[ NHRCGF SFI"SFZL VwI1F TZLS[GM SFI"EFZ ;\EF?IM CTMP
 T[VM NHRCGF GJDF VwI1F AgIF K[P
 | ^IDV[ 23 ;%8[dAZ4 2019YL 29 H}G4 2023GF ZMH T[DGL lGJ'l¿ ;]WL ;]5L| D SM8"DF\ ;[JF VF5L CTLP
Hl:8; JLP ZFDF;]AD
 T[DGL SFG}GL SFZlSNL" 36F NFISFVM ;]WL O[,FI[,L K[ VG[ T[D6[ lJlJW gIFlIS E}lDSFVMDF\ ACM/M VG]EJ D[/jIM K[P
 T[VM lCDFR, 5|N[X CF.SM8"DF\ D]bI gIFIFWLX 56 ZCL R}SIF K[P
 GM\WGLI K[ S[ VwI1FGL ;FY[ l5|I\S SFG}gUM VG[ 0MP Hl:8; lAn]T Z\HG ;FZ\ULG[ NHRCGF ;eIM TZLS[ lGI]ÉT
SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P
GM\Wo (1) ZFQ8=LI DFGJ VlWSFZ VFIMUGL ZRGF DFGJ VlWSFZ ;\Z1F6 VlWlGID4 1993 V\TU"T SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P
(2) ZFQ8=LI DFGJ VlWSFZ VFIMU V[ V[S J{WFlGS VG[ :JFI¿ ;\:YF K[P

5F\R ZFßIDF\ GJF ZFß5F,M

TFH[TZDF\ EFZTGF ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãF{5NL D]D]"V[ EFZTGF 5F\R ZFßIMGF

ZFßI5F,MGL lGD6}S SZL K[P

 H[DF\ 2 ZFßIDF\ GJF ZFßI5F, VG[ ALÔ +6DF\ VgI ZFßIDF\YL 8=Fg;OZ

SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P

 VF p5ZF\T ZFQ8=5lTV[ VMl0XFGF ZFßI5F, zL Z3]AZ NF;G]\ ZFÒGFD]

:JLSFI]" CT]\P

 E}T5}J" S[gãLI U'C ;lRJ zL VHI S]DFZ E<,FG[ Dl65]ZGF GJF ZFßI5F,

TZLS[ lGD6}S SZJFDF\ VFJL K[P

165
 13 U]HZFT4 EFZT VG[ lJ`JGF DCFG]EFJzLGF
TFH[TZDF\ YI[,F lGWG

EFZTDF\ VFlY„S ;]WFZFGF 30J{IF 5}J„ J0F5|WFG zL 0MP DGDMCG l;\CG]\ 92 JQF„GL JI[
lGWG
——CÔZM HJFAM ;[ VrKL C{ D[ZL BFDMXL4

G ÔG[ lSTG[ ;JF,M SL VFA~ ZBL˜˜

——lX1FF JC XlÉT C{ Ô[ lS;L EL ;DFH SM AN, ;STL C{4

IC CDFZ[ ElJQI SM pßHJ, AGFG[ SL S]\hL C{˜˜

v 0MP DGDMCG l;\3

HgD o 26 ;%8[dAZ4 1932

D'tI] o 26 l0;[dAZ4 2024

R 3G]\ 92 JQF"GL JI[ lGWG YI]\ K[P

EFZTGF E}T5}J" J0F5|WFG VG[ SM\U|[;GF JlZQ9 G[TF 0MP DGDMCG l;\
 26 l0;[dAZGF ZMH T[DGL TlAIT AU0TF lN<CLGL V[.d; CMl:58,DF\ NFB, SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP ßIF\ T[DG]\ ;FZJFZ
NZlDIFG lGWG YI]\ CT]\P
 TDFD EFZTLI G[TFVM ;lCT lJ`JEZGF G[TFVMV[ T[DG[ zâF\H,L 5F9JL CTLP
 T[DGF lGWG AFN N[XDF\ 7 lNJ;GM ZFQ8=LI XMS ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjIM CTMP TYF ZFQ8= wJH V0WL SF9LV[ ,C[ZFJJFDF\
VFjIM CTMP
 VF p5ZF\T DMZ[lXI; ;ZSFZ[ 56 zL DGDMCG l;\3GF ;gDFGDF\ N[XDF\ V0WL SF9LV[ wJH ,C[ZFjIM CTMP
 GJL lN<CLDF\ lGUD AMW 3F8 BFT[ ;\56
} " ZFHSLI ;gDFG ;FY[ 0MP DGDMCG l;\3GF V\lTD ;\:SFZ SZJFDF\ VFjIF CTFP

0MP DGDMCG l;\3

5|FZ\lES ÒJG VG[ lX1F6
0MP DGDMCG l;\3GM HgD 26 ;%8[dAZ4 1932GF ZMH lA|l8X EFZTDF\ 5\ÔA 5|F\TGF UFC sCJ[ 5FlS:TFGf BFT[ lXB
5lZJFZDF\ YIM CTMP
 T[DGF l5TFG]\ GFD zL U]ZD]B l;\C SMC,L VG[ DFTFG]\ GFD zLDTL VD'T SF{Z CT]\P
174
 15 JT„DFG 5|JFC ;\A\lWT VgI
DCÀJGL S[8,LS AFATM

 ;\Z1F6 D\+F,I[ 2025DF\ 5|Ô;¿FS lNJ;GL pHJ6L DF8[ YLD ÔC[Z SZL K[4 H[GL YLDPPPPPPPPPPPP K[P
v :Jl6"D EFZTvlJZF;T VF{Z lJSF;
 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPZFßI ;ZSFZ[ TFH[TZDF\ T[GF SM8äFZDF\ T[GF 5|YD JF.G pt5FNG V[SDG]\ pÛ3F8G SI]" K[P
v pTZFB\0
 PPPPPPPPPPPPPP V[Z5M8" EFZTG]\ 5|YD hLZMvJ[:8 V[Z5M8" AGJF T{IFZ K[P v .gNMZ V[Z5M8"
 TFH[TZDF\ ;]5|LD SM8"V[ S[Z/ CF.SM8" äFZF lY|;]Z 5]ZDDF\PPPPPPPPPPPPGF 5|NX"G 5Z ,FNJFDF\ VFJ[,F 5|lTA\WM 5Z ZMS
,UFJL NLWL CTLP v CFYL 5|NX"Gq5Z[0
 S[gãLI U'CD\+LzLV[ TFH[TZDF\PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPDF\ GMY" .:8G" SFplg;, (NEC)
R GF 72DF\ ;+G[ ;\AMWG SI]" CT]\P
v VUZT,F4 l+5]ZF
 TFH[TZDF\ ;DFRFZDF\ ZC[, AM0M".AFDvlA,D]B 51FL VEIFZ^I SIF ZFßIDF\ VFJ[,]\ K[P v VF;FD
 :JT\+TF ;{lGS ;gDFG 5[gXG IMHGF SIF D\+F,I äFZF X~ SZJFDF\ VFJL CTL m v U'C D\+F,I
 TFH[TZDF\ RRF"DF\ ZC[, —GLP-1 ZL;[%8Z VMUMlG:8˜G]\ 5|FYlDS SFI" X]\ K[ m
v E}B VG[ a,0 ;]UZG]\ :TZ lGI\+T SZJ]\
 U|FCSMG[ 0FS" 5[8G"YL ARFJJF DF8[ S. ;\:YFV[ ÔU'lT V[5 VG[ ÔU'lT 0[XAM0" ,MgR SI]" K[ m
v U|FCS AFATMGF lJEFU[
 TFH[TZDF\ ;DFRFZDF\ ZC[, 5GFDF S[GF, SIF A[ DCF;FUZMG[ Ô[0[ K[ m
v V[8,Flg8S DCF;FUZ VG[ 5[l;lOS DCF;FUZ
 SpaDeX lDXG S. VJSFX ;\:YF äFZF X~ SZJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[ m v ISRO
sISRO SpaDeX lDXG C[9/ PSLV VMlA"8, V[É;5[lZD[g8, DM0–], (POEM) p5U|C 5Z 24 J{7FlGS 5|IMUM
,MgR SZJF DF8[ T{IFZ K[P :5[; 0MSÄU V[É;5[lZD[g8 (SpaDeX)GM C[T] :JFI¿ :5[; 0MSÄU 8[SŸGM,MÒ lJS;FJJFGM
K[Pf
 TFH[TZDF\ ;DFRFZDF\ ZC[, —;FUZ äL5˜ SIF ZFßIDF\ VFJ[,M K[ m v 5lüD A\UF/
 EM5F,DF\ l;lGIZ G[XG, X}l8\U R[ld5IGlX5 2024DF\ SM6[ UM<0 D[0, ÒtIM K[ m v XFC T]QFFZ DFG[
 TFH[TZDF\ ;DFRFZDF\ ZC[, lS,Fp HŸJF/FD]BL SIF\ VFJ[,M K[ m v CJF.4 VD[lZSF
 ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãF{5NL D]D]"V[ S[8,F AF/SMG[ 5|WFGD\+L ZFQ8=LI AF/ 5]Z:SFZ 2024 V[GFIT SIM" K[ m v 17
 l;\CGL 5}\K0LJF/F DSFS EFZTGF SIF 5|N[XDF\ Ô[JF D/[ K[ m v 5lüD 3F8
 TFH[TZDF\ ;DFRFZDF\ ZC[, —VFlR"IF˜ X]\ K[ m v VFlND ;}1DÔJM
 J<0" 8[lG; ,LU l;hG 3 SIF\ IMÔX[ m v VA]WFAL
 SIF N[X[ GJ S,FSGF :5[;JMS ;FY[ GJM J{l`JS :5[;JMS Z[SM0" AGFjIM K[ m v RLG
sRLGGF A[ VJSFXIF+LVM SF. h]h[ VG[ ;M\U l,\U0M\U ;FY[ lTVFUM\U :5[; :8[XGGL ACFZ GJ S,FSGL
V[É:8=FJ[lCÉI],Z V[lÉ8lJ8L (EVA) 5}6" SZLG[ GJM Z[SM0" AGFjIM K[Pf
 5LV[D ;}I" 3Z IMHGF C[9/ ~O8M5 ;M,FZ .g:8M,[XG DF8[ lWZF6 5}Z]\ 5F0JF DF8[ S. A[\SV[ 8F8F 5FJZ lZgI]V[A,
V[GÒ" ;FY[ EFULNFZL SZL K[ m v A[\S VMO AZM0F
197
 16 EFZT VG[ U]HZFTGF JT„DFG
5NFlWSFZLzLVM

EFZTGF JT„DFG 5NFlWSFZLzLVM s15 ÔgI]VFZL4 2025GL Â:YlTV[f

ÊD CMÛM GFD
1 ZFQ8=5lT zLDTL ãÁ5NL D]D]"
2 p5ZFQ8=5lT zL HUNL5 WGBZ
3 J0F5|WFG zL GZ[gãEF. DMNL
4 ;]5|LD SM8"GF D]bI gIFIFWLX zL ;\ÒJ BgGF
5 ZFßI;EFGF ;EF5lT zL HUNL5 WGBZ sCMÛFGL ~V[f
6 ZFßI;EFGF p5 ;EF5lT zL CZLJ\X GFZFI6l;\ RC
7 ZFßI;EFGF lJ51FGF G[TF zL Dl<,SFH]"G B0U[
8 ,MS;EFGF VwI1F s:5LSZf zL VMD lAZ,F
9 ,MS;EFGF lJZMW 51FGF G[TF zL ZFC], UF\WL
10 CAG sS[Uf zL S[P ;\HI D}lT"
11 V[8GL" HGZ, zL VFZPJ{\S8 ZD6L
12 ;Ml,l;8Z HGZ, zL T]QFFZ DC[TF
13 GF6F ;lRJ zL T]lCG SF\TF 5F\0[
14 U'C ;lRJ zL UMlJ\N DMCG
15 GLlT 5\RPPPP
 GLlT 5\RGF VwI1F zL GZ[gãEF. DMNL sCMNFGL ~V[f
 GLlT 5\RGF p5FwI1F zL ;]DG A[ZL
 GLlT 5\RGF CEO zL ALPJLPVFZP ;]A|D^ID
 GLlT 5\RGF 5}6" ;DIGF ;eIM sSFIDL ;eIMf zL JLP S[P ;FZ:JT4 zL lJGMN 5M,4 zL ZD[X R\ã4 zL VZlJ\N lJZD6L
 GLlT 5\RGF 5}J" VlWSFZL ;eIM zL ZFHGFY l;\C4 zLDTL lGD",F l;TFZFDG4 zL VlDTXFC4
zL lXJZFHl;\C RF{CF6
 GLlT 5\RGF lJX[QF VFD\l+TM zL GLlTG U0SZL4 zL l5I]QF UMI[,4 zL lJZ[gã S]DFZ4
zL Vl`JGL J{Q6J4 zL ZFJ .gãÒTl;\C
16 D]bI R}\86L SlDXGZ zL ZFÒJ S]DFZ
17 E}lDN/GF ;[GF VwI1F sVFlD" RLOf zL p5[gã läJ[NL
18 CJF.N/GF ;[GF VwI1F zL VDZ 5|LT l;\3
19 GF{SFN/GF ;[GF VwI1F zL lNG[XS]DFZ l+5F9L
20 RBIGF UJG"Z slZhJ" A[\S VMO .lg0IFf zL ;\HI D<CM+F
21 GF6F5\RGF VwI1F s16DF\f zL VZlJ\N 5GFUlZIF
22 EFZTLI HGTF 5F8L"sBJPfGF VwI1F zL H[P5LP G»F
23 EFZTLI ZFQ8=LI SM\U|[;GF VwI1F(INC) zL Dl<,SFH]"G B0U[
209
 SZ\8 VO[;„GF DCÀJGF 5|`GvHJFA

a EFZTGL 5|YD NlZIFSF\9FGFvlSR0LIF 51FL˜ (Wader Birds) J;TL U6TZL SIF :Y/[ CFY WZJFDF\ VFJL K[ m
(A) 5],LS8 T/FJ 51FL VEIFZ^I4 VF\W|5|N[X (B) DZLG G[XG, 5FS"4 ÔDGUZ
(C) ;FT5]ZF ZFQ8=LI pnFG4 DwI5|N[X (D) GJFAU\H 51FL VEIFZ^I4 p¿Z5|N[X (B)
a TFH[TZDF\ U]HZFT ;ZSFZ[ AGF;SF\9F lH<,FG]\ lJEFHG SZL JFJvYZFNG[ GJM lH<,M ÔC[Z SZJFDF\ VFjIM K[P
VF ;FY[ U]HZFTDF\ S], lH<,FGL ;\bIF S[8,L Y. K[ m
(A) 34 (B) 33 (C) 32 (D) 31 (A)
a JFJvYZFN lH<,FGF J0]\ DYSG]\ GFD H6FJM m
(A) 5F,G5]Z (B) YZFN (C) lNIMNZ (D) ,FB6L (B)
R
a JQF" 2025DF\ U]HZFT S], S[8,L DCFGUZ5Fl,SFGL ÔC[ZFT SZJFDF\ VFJL CTL m
(A) 9 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 2 (A)
a TFH[TZDF\ S. :5[; V[Hg;LG[ VJSFXDF\ ,MlAIFqCowpeaGF ALHG[ V\S]lZT SZJFDF\ ;O/TF D/L K[ m
(A) ISRO (B) NASA (C) ESA (D) HAXA (A)
a EFZT5M, (BHARATPOL) 5M8", SMGF äFZF lJS;FJJFDF\ VFjI]\ K[ m
(A) ISRO (B) CBI (C) DRDO (D) IB (B)
a TFH[TZDF\ GLR[GF 5{SL SIM N[X ;¿FJFZ ZLT[ BRICS H}YGF 10DF ;eI TZLS[ Ô[0FIM K[ m
(A) 5FlS:TFG (B) .ZFS (C) .g0MG[lXIF (D) G[5F/ (C)
a EFZTDF\ SIM lNJ; —5|JF;L EFZTLI lNJ;˜ TZLS[ pHJFI K[ m
(A) 7 ÔgI]VFZL (B) 8 ÔgI]VFZL (C) 9 ÔgI]VFZL (D) 10 ÔgI]VFZL (C)
a TFH[TZDF\ —18DF 5|JF;L EFZTLI lNJ; ;\D[,G˜G]\ VFIMHG SIF\ YI]\ CT]\ m
(A) EM5F,4 DwI5|N[X (B) E}JG[`JZ4 VMl0XF
(C) HI5]Z4 ZFH:YFG (D) 5]6[4 DCFZFQ8= (B)
a TFH[TZDF\ ISROGF VwI1F TZLS[ SMGL lGD6}S SZJFDF\ VFJL K[ m
(A) 0MP V[;P 5|C,FN (B) zL T5G lDzF
(C) zL ÒP DFWJG (D) zL JLP GFZFI6G (D)
a TFH[TZDF\ S. EFZTLI DlC,FV[ 2024 FIDE lJD[g; J<0" Z[l50 R[; R[ld5IGlX5 ÒTL K[ m
(A) ;]zL SMG[Z] Cd5L (B) ;]zL VJGL ZFJ
(C) ;]zL V\H,L UF{0F (D) ;]zL ;ZMH SlZV%5F (A)
a TFH[TZDF\ EFZT VG[ SIF N[X JrR[ —;}I" lSZ6˜ GFDGL ,xSZL SJFIT IMÔ. CTL m
(A) zL,\SF (B) AF\u,FN[X (C) dIFGDFZ (D) G[5F/ (D)

220