LESSON 3-4

(Week 3-4)

OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

COMPETENCY
The learner…
1.Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of functions.
M11GM-Ia-3

TO THE LEARNERS

Before you begin with the study of this topic, you are advised to make sure
that you are free from all distractions as all the principles here have to be fixed
firmly in your mind. Read the instructions below as these will help as you engage in
your self-study.

 Follow carefully all the instructions indicated in this module.

 Prepare all the materials needed like pen and paper.
 Take note of important key concepts.
 At the end of the discussion, practice exercises are provided.
 You may ask your parent’s help in dealing with your study.
 If you want your teacher may help you with the lesson.
 In case you want to clarify something, your teacher is here to guide you.

EXPECTATIONS

This module is intended for learners who wish to continue learning at home
due to the present pandemic. Learners should recall the topics in Looking Back as
this will serve as their foundation and may continue their prior knowledge in
applying the skills in operations of functions.
MOTIVATION
Let’s recall the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of polynomials.

Rule: To add two polynomials, write the sum and simplify by combining like terms.

To add 3x+5 and 7x-9, we have

(3x+5)+(7x-9)= (3x+7x)+(5-9) or 3x+5

= 10x-4 + 7x-9

10x-4

To subtract an expression from another polynomial, change the sign of the operation
and subtrahend then proceed to addition.

To subtract 7x+3 from 5x+6

(5x+6)-(7x+3)= (5x+6)+(-7x-3)

=(5x-7x)+(6-3)

= -2x+3

To multiply monomial to polynomial, multiply each term of the polynomial by the

monomial.

To find the product of 3x and x + 4, we have:

3x(x+4)=3x(x) + 3x(4)

= 3x2+12x

To multiply two binomials, use the FOIL (First, Out, In, Last) method.

To find the product of x+2 and x-6, we have:

F L

(x+2)(x–6) =x2 +2x-6x-12 = x2-4x-12

To divide polynomials, factor the numerator and denominator and cancel the same
factors.

To find the quotient of x2-25 and x+5. Factor the polynomial if it is factorable. Then
cancel the same factors in the numerator and denominator.

x 2−25 ( x +5)(x−5) ( x +5)(x−5)

= = = x-5
x+5 (x+5) (x+5)
LESSON PROPER

OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

To add, subtract, multiply or divide functions just perform the operation.

The domain of the new function will have the restrictions of both functions that
made it.
Division has the extra rule that the function we are dividing by cannot be zero.
Examples

f
1. Given f(x)=3x+2 and g(x)=4-5x, find (f+g)(x), (f-g)(x), (fxg)(x), and ( ¿(x).
g
For addition
(f+g)(x)=f(x)+g(x)
=(3x+2)+(4-5x) Write the value of f(x) and g(x)
=3x+2+4-5x Combine like terms 3x-5x and 2+4
=3x-5x+2+4 Evaluate like terms

(f-g)(x)= -2x+6 This is the final answer.

For subtraction
(f-g)(x)=f(x)-g(x)
=(3x+2)-(4-5x) Write the value of f(x) and g(x)
=(3x+2)+(-4+5x) Change the operation sign to addition and
the subtrahend
=3x+5x+2+(-4) Combine like terms 3x+5x and 2+(-4)
Evaluate like terms
(f-g)(x) = 8x-2 This is the final answer.

For multiplication
(fxg)(x)=[f(x)][g(x)]
=(3x+2)(4-5x) Write the value of f(x) and g(x)
=12x+8-15x2-10x Multiply the binomials using foil or long
method
Combine like terms 12x and -10x
=-15x2+2x+8 Arrange terms starting from the
highest
degree
(fxg)(x) = -15x2+2x+8 This is the final answer.
 For division
f f (x )
( ¿(x)= ¿
g g (x)
3 x +2
= Write the value of f(x) and g(x)
4−5 x
Since there are no common factors to be

f 3 x +2
( ¿(x)= cancelled, this is also the final answer.
g 4−5 x

2.Let f(x)=2x+1 and g(x)=x2−4

f
Find (f+g)(x),(f−g)(x), (fg)(x), and ( )( (x)
g
Addition
(f+g)(x)=f(x)+g(x)
=(2x+1)+(x2−4)
(f+g)(x) = x2+2x−3
Subtraction
(f−g)(x)=f(x)−g(x)
=(2x+1)−(x2−4)
=2x+1+(-x2+4)
(f−g)(x)= −x2+2x+5

Multiplication
(fg)(x)=f(x)×g(x)
=(2x+1)(x2−4)
=2x3- 8x+x2-4
(fg)(x)= 2x3+x2−8x−4

Division
f f (x )
( )(x)=
g g (x)

f 2 x +1
( ¿(x)= , x≠±2
g x 2−4

SALIENT POINTS
In addition and subtraction of functions, write the value of x and combine like terms.
In multiplication of functions, write the value of x then multiply by using foil method.
Combine like terms.
In division of functions, write the value of x and cancel the same factors in the
numerator and denominator.
If there is no common factor that is already the final answer.

REFLECTION
You encountered a lot of concepts related to functions. Now it’s time to pause for
a while and reflect to your learning process by doing the 3-2-1 Chart.

What are the 3 most important things you learned in the lesson?

What are the 2 things you are not sure about in the operations of functions?

What is 1 thing you want to clarify immediately?

POST TEST
Select the letter of your answer and write it on a separate paper.

1.Given f(x)= 4x2+5 and g(x)=x2, find (f+g)(x).

a. 5x2+5 b. 3x+5 c. 9x2 d. 3x2+5
2
2. Given f(x)= 9x+7 and g(x)=2x , find (f*g)(x).
a. 11x2+7 b. 18x3+14x2 c. 7x2+7 d.
2
2x +9x+7
3. If f(x)=5x2+2 and g(x)=x-2, what is (f-g)(x)?
a. 6x2-4 b. 5x2+x+4 c. 5x2-x+4 d. 6x
2
4. If f(x)=8x +2x-6and g(x)=8x-7, what is f(x) +g(x)?
a. 8x2+10x-1 b. 16x2+10x-13 c. 8x2+10x-13 d.
2
8x +10x+1
f (x )
5. Use f(x) and g(x) to find .
g (x)
f(x)= 2x+5 and g(x)=x+2
2 x +5 x+5 2 x +2
a. b. c.
x +2 x+2 x +2
2 x +2
d.
−x+5

ACTIVITY

Activity No.
1
Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of functions. Show your
solution on a sheet of paper.
1. f(x)= 4x+3 ; g(x)= x-2
2. f(x)= 6x2 ; g(x)= 14x+4
3. f(x)= 5x+4 ; g(x)= x-3
4. f(x)= 8x2 ; g(x)= 2x+8
5. f(x)= 6x+2 ; g(x)= x-5
6. f(x)= 2x2 ; g(x)= 3x+4
7. f(x)= 7x+4 ; g(x)= 2x-4
8. f(x)= 8x ; g(x)= 4x+2
9. f(x)= 8x+5 ; g(x)= 7x-2
10. f(x)= 7x2 ; g(x)= 5x+1
11. f(x)= x-2 ; g(x)= 6x2
12. f(x)= 5x+4 ; g(x)= 6x+2
13. f(x)= 2x+8 ; g(x)= 3x+4
14. f(x)= 3x2+3 ; g(x)= x-2
15. f(x)= x2-9; g(x)= x+3

Activity No.
2
Perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of functions. Show your
solution on a sheet of paper.
1. f(x)= x2-5 ; g(x)= 3x+2
2. f(x)= 2x-1 ; g(x)= x2+1
3. f(x)= 5x+3 ; g(x)= 3x2
4. f(x)= 2x+7 ; g(x)= 3x-2
5. f(x)= 4x+6 ; g(x)= x-9
6. f(x)= x2+1 ; g(x)= 3x+5
7. f(x)= x2+1 ; g(x)= 3x-5
8. f(x)= x+1 ; g(x)= 2x2
9. f(x)= 2x+3 ; g(x)= 3x-1
10.f(x)= x+2 ; g(x)= 2x2

POST TEST
Select the letter of your answer and write it on a separate paper.

1.Given f(x)= 4x2+5 and g(x)=x2, find (f+g)(x).

a. 5x2+5 b. 3x+5 c. 9x2 d. 3x2+5
2. Given f(x)= 9x+7 and g(x)=2x2, find (f*g)(x).
 a. 11x2+7 b. 18x3+14x2 c. 7x2+7 d.
2
2x +9x+7
3. If f(x)=5x2+2 and g(x)=x-2, what is (f-g)(x)?
a. 6x2-4 b. 5x2+x+4 c. 5x2-x+4 d. 6x
2
4. If f(x)=8x +2x-6and g(x)=8x-7, what is f(x) +g(x)?
a. 8x2+10x-1 b. 16x2+10x-13 c. 8x2+10x-13 d.
2
8x +10x+1
f (x )
5. Use f(x) and g(x) to find .
g (x)
f(x)= 2x+5 and g(x)=x+2
2 x +5 x+5 2 x +2
b. b. c.
x +2 x+2 x +2
2 x +2
d.
−x+5

Reference

Oronce, O. (2016). General Mathematics. Philippines. Rex

Printing Company, Inc.