1.

Basic Programs
2. If and elif:
3. For loop and while loop
4. Nested loops
5. Strings

2. If and Elif Statements

Program 1: Grade Calculator

• Objective: Write a program that takes a score and outputs a grade based on the
following conditions: 90+ = A, 80-89 = B, 70-79 = C, 60-69 = D, below 60 = F.

Python code:

score = float(input("Enter the score: "))

if score >= 90:

grade = 'A'

elif score >= 80:

grade = 'B'

elif score >= 70:

grade = 'C'

elif score >= 60:

grade = 'D'

else:

grade = 'F'

print("Grade:", grade)

Program 2: Electricity Bill Calculation

Python code:

units = int(input("Enter units consumed: "))

bill = 0

if units <= 100:

bill = units * 5

elif units <= 200:

bill = (100 * 5) + (units - 100) * 7

else:

bill = (100 * 5) + (100 * 7) + (units - 200) * 10

print("Total Electricity Bill: ₹", bill)

Program 3: BMI Calculator

• Objective: Calculate the BMI and classify it based on the value: Underweight
(<18.5), Normal (18.5-24.9), Overweight (25-29.9), Obesity (30+).

Python:

weight = float(input("Enter weight in kg: "))

height = float(input("Enter height in meters: "))

bmi = weight / (height ** 2)

print("BMI:", round(bmi, 2))

print("Category: Underweight")

elif bmi < 24.9:

print("Category: Normal")

elif bmi < 29.9:

print("Category: Overweight")

else:

print("Category: Obesity")

Program 4: Triangle Type Checker

• Objective: Given the lengths of three sides, determine if they form an

Python code:

a = float(input("Enter side a: "))

b = float(input("Enter side b: "))

c = float(input("Enter side c: "))

if a == b == c:

print("The triangle is equilateral.")

elif a == b or b == c or a == c:

print("The triangle is isosceles.")

else:

print("The triangle is scalene.")

Program 1: Prime Numbers in a Range

• Objective: Print all prime numbers within a specified range.

Python code: s

tart = int(input("Enter the starting number: "))

end = int(input("Enter the ending number: "))

print("Prime numbers between", start, "and", end, "are:")

for num in range(start, end + 1):

if num > 1:

for i in range(2, int(num ** 0.5) + 1):

if num % i == 0:

break

else:

print(num, end=" ")

Program 2: Sum of Odd and Even Numbers Separately

• Objective: Calculate the sum of odd and even numbers in a range separately.

Python code;

start = int(input("Enter the starting number: "))

end = int(input("Enter the ending number: "))

sum_even = 0
sum_odd = 0

for num in range(start, end + 1):

if num % 2 == 0:

sum_even += num

else:

sum_odd += num

print("Sum of even numbers:", sum_even)

print("Sum of odd numbers:", sum_odd)

Program 3: Fibonacci Series

• Objective: Generate the Fibonacci series up to n terms.

n = int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))

a, b = 0, 1

print("Fibonacci Series:", a, b, end=" ")

for i in range(2, n):

c=a+b

print(c, end=" ")

a, b = b, c

Program 4: Armstrong Numbers in a Range

• Objective: Print all Armstrong numbers within a specified range.

start = int(input("Enter the starting number: "))

end = int(input("Enter the ending number: "))

power = len(str(num))

sum_of_digits = sum(int(digit) ** power for digit in str(num))

if num == sum_of_digits:

print(num, "is an Armstrong number")

4. Nested Loops

Program 1: Multiplication Table

• Objective: Print the multiplication table up to a specified range.

n = int(input("Enter the range for the multiplication table: "))

for i in range(1, n + 1):

for j in range(1, 11):

print(f"{i} x {j} = {i * j}")

print()

Program 2: Pyramid Pattern

• Objective: Display a pyramid pattern of stars.

rows = int(input("Enter number of rows: "))

for i in range(rows):

print(" " * (rows - i - 1) + "*" * (2 * i + 1))

Program 3: Pascal's Triangle

• Objective: Generate Pascal's Triangle up to a specified number of rows.

rows = int(input("Enter number of rows for Pascal's Triangle: "))

for i in range(rows):
 num = 1

print(" " * (rows - i), end="")

for j in range(i + 1):

print(num, end=" ")

num = num * (i - j) // (j + 1)

print()

Program 4: Diamond Pattern

• Objective: Print a diamond shape pattern.

n = int(input("Enter the number of rows for the diamond: "))

for i in range(n):

print(" " * (n - i - 1) + "*" * (2 * i + 1))

for i in range(n - 2, -1, -1):

print(" " * (n - i - 1) + "*" * (2 * i + 1))

5. Strings

Program 1: Count Vowels and Consonants

• Objective: Write a program to count vowels and consonants in a string.

text = input("Enter a string: ")

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"

vowel_count = sum(1 for char in text if char in vowels)

consonant_count = sum(1 for char in text if char.isalpha() and char not in vowels)

print("Vowels:", vowel_count)

print("Consonants:", consonant_count)
5. Strings

Program 1: Count Vowels and Consonants

• Objective: Write a program to count vowels and consonants in a string.

text = input("Enter a string: ")

vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"

vowel_count = sum(1 for char in text if char in vowels)

consonant_count = sum(1 for char in text if char.isalpha() and char not in vowels)

print("Vowels:", vowel_count)

print("Consonants:", consonant_count)

Program 2: Palindrome String Check

• Objective: Check if a given string is a palindrome.

text = input("Enter a string: ")

if text == text[::-1]:

print("The string is a palindrome.")

else:

print("The string is not a palindrome.")

Program 3: Character Frequency Count

• Objective: Count the frequency of each character in a string.

text = input("Enter a string: ")

frequency = {}
for char in text:

frequency[char] = frequency.get(char, 0) + 1

print("Character frequency:", frequency)

Program 4: Find All Substrings of a String

• Objective: Write a program to find all possible substrings of a given string.

text = input("Enter a string: ")

print("All possible substrings:")

for i in range(len(text)):

for j in range(i + 1, len(text) + 1):

print(text[i:j])