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Practical No. 6 String Pattern Matching_ Implement Algorithms to Find a Pattern in a Given String

The document discusses string pattern matching, which involves finding occurrences of a smaller string (pattern) within a larger string (text). It outlines the naive approach and more efficient algorithms like KMP and Rabin-Karp, providing an example with the text 'abracadabra' and the pattern 'abra'. Practical applications include search engines, text processing, and bioinformatics.

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Soham Ghadge
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2 views

Practical No. 6 String Pattern Matching_ Implement Algorithms to Find a Pattern in a Given String

The document discusses string pattern matching, which involves finding occurrences of a smaller string (pattern) within a larger string (text). It outlines the naive approach and more efficient algorithms like KMP and Rabin-Karp, providing an example with the text 'abracadabra' and the pattern 'abra'. Practical applications include search engines, text processing, and bioinformatics.

Uploaded by

Soham Ghadge
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practical No.

6
String Pattern Matching: Implement algorithms to find a pattern in a given string.

String pattern matching is a fundamental task in computer science. It involves


finding the occurrences of a smaller string (the pattern) within a larger string (the
text). This task is essential in various applications such as search engines, text
processing, and DNA sequence analysis.
Steps to Implement:

1. Understand the Problem:


○ Given a text and a pattern, find all occurrences of the pattern in the
text.
○ For example, in the text "hello world", the pattern "lo" occurs
starting at index 3.
2. Choose an Algorithm:
○ Naive Approach: Check every possible position in the text to see if
the pattern matches.
○ Efficient Approaches: Algorithms like KMP (Knuth-Morris-Pratt) or
Rabin-Karp for large-scale problems.
3. Implementation Plan:
○ Loop through the text while checking for matches with the pattern.
○ Return the starting indices of all matches.

Implementation: Naive Approach


Example Execution:

Input:
Text: "abracadabra"
Pattern: "abra"

Output:
Pattern found at indices: [0, 7]

Explanation:

● The pattern "abra" starts at index 0 and 7 in the text.

Complexity:

● Time Complexity:
○ Worst Case: O(m⋅n)O(m \cdot n)O(m⋅n), where mmm is the
pattern length and nnn is the text length.
● Space Complexity:
○ O(1)O(1)O(1), as no extra space is used apart from the result list.

Practical Application:

● Search Engines: Finding specific terms in documents.


● Text Processing: Highlighting keywords in a file.
● Bioinformatics: Identifying DNA or protein sequences in genetic data.

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