Scribd
Upload
4 views

Generating random numbers

The document provides methods for generating random numbers in R, including functions for uniform and normal distributions. It explains how to generate random numbers from a uniform distribution with default and custom ranges, as well as random integers using the sample() function. Additionally, it discusses the rnorm() function for generating random numbers from a normal distribution and emphasizes the importance of setting a seed for reproducibility.

Uploaded by

soloviovalada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Generating random numbers

The document provides methods for generating random numbers in R, including functions for uniform and normal distributions. It explains how to generate random numbers from a uniform distribution with default and custom ranges, as well as random integers using the sample() function. Additionally, it discusses the rnorm() function for generating random numbers from a normal distribution and emphasizes the importance of setting a seed for reproducibility.

Uploaded by

soloviovalada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Generating random numbers

If you just need to generate basic random numbers in R, you can use the following simple
methods:

1. Random Numbers from a Uniform Distribution (Default Range)


R
Копировать код
runif(n)

Example: Generate 5 random numbers between 0 and 1:


R
Копировать код
runif(5)

2. Random Numbers from a Uniform Distribution (Custom Range)


R
Копировать код
runif(n, min, max)

Example: Generate 5 random numbers between 10 and 50:


R
Копировать код
runif(5, min = 10, max = 50)

3. Random Integers

Use sample() to generate random integers within a specific range:

R
Копировать код
sample(min:max, size, replace = TRUE)

Example: Generate 5 random integers between 1 and 100:


R
Копировать код
sample(1:100, 5, replace = TRUE)

4. Repeatable Random Numbers (Set a Seed)


To ensure reproducibility, set a seed before generating random numbers:
R
Копировать код
set.seed(42) # Choose any number
runif(5)

Every time you run this code with the same seed, you will get the same random numbers.

—--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

rnorm() is a function in R, commonly used to generate random numbers from a normal


(Gaussian) distribution. It is part of R's base package and does not require any additional
libraries to use.

Syntax
R
Копировать код
rnorm(n, mean = 0, sd = 1)

Arguments

● n: The number of random numbers to generate.


● mean: The mean (average) of the normal distribution (default is 0).
● sd: The standard deviation of the normal distribution (default is 1).

Return Value

A numeric vector of length n containing random numbers sampled from the specified normal
distribution.

Example Usage
Generate 10 random numbers from a standard normal distribution (mean = 0, sd = 1):
R
Копировать код
rnorm(10)

1.

Generate 5 random numbers from a normal distribution with mean = 5 and sd = 2:


R
Копировать код
rnorm(5, mean = 5, sd = 2)

2.

Store the results in a variable:


R
Копировать код
random_numbers <- rnorm(100, mean = 50, sd = 10)
summary(random_numbers)

3.

This function is commonly used in statistical simulations and probabilistic modeling.

—----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Uniform Distribution

● runif(n, min = 0, max = 1): Generates n random numbers from a uniform


distribution between min and max(default: 0 and 1).

Normal Distribution

● rnorm(n, mean = 0, sd = 1): Generates n random numbers from a normal


distribution with specified mean and standard deviation.

You might also like