Research
Research
Chapter 1
Rationale
This study entitled the comparative study on the effectiveness of social media and
Provincial Plan and Development Office (PPDO) will give benefits and ideas to every
consumers about which buying process is more effective and efficient that will suit and
meet their satisfaction. Since there are both social media selling and traditional selling
that are available to fulfill their purchase interest, it has been an issue which arises in
front of consumer about which mode of shopping they should choose to satisfy
themselves. This abundance of choice available for the consumer's has thrown up a
serious challenge for some businesses regarding the way they should target their
Provincial Plan and Development Office (PPDO) in New Capitol Complex, Buadi
Sacayo, Marawi City since most of the employees are known to buy in both Social media
selling and traditional selling. By this, consumers involved with this will help them
realize and know which mode of selling is more efficient that will meet their satisfaction
when purchasing, because the researchers will intended to know about which mode of
selling, Social media selling or traditional selling, is more effective in terms of meeting
very fast in recent years. Now a days the internet holds the attention of retail market.
There are many of people shop online. On the other hand, the purchasing of product from
traditional selling is continuing since years. Many consumers go for purchasing offline so
as to examine the product and hold the possession of the product just after the payment
for the product. In this contemporary world consumers’ loyalty depends upon the
consistent of satisfactions. Some go for offline shopping, some for online and many go
for both kind of shopping. The importance of satisfying consumers is one of the main
objectives of every sellers that should be monitored and managed just like any physical
asset; as well as a sellers should recognize what buying process is effective and efficient
profitable than having to win new ones to replace those lost ones (McColl-Kennedy
In connection to Isswani and Chaturvedi study, Levin (2005) stated that in order
to maintain consumers in the state of this optimal mix of online and offline services for a
particular product, sellers must determine which key attributes are perceived by their
target consumers to be delivered better by online or offline. The utility for shopping
online or offline for a particular product is the product of attribute value by attribute
selling preferences provides a common ground for examining both product differences
and consumer difference. He also stresses that between this spectrum some important
attributes like large selection are better delivered online while other important attributes
3
like personal service are better delivered offline or by providing surrogate experiences
Related to the statement of Loren (2005), Chiang & Dholskia (2003) recognize
that consumers’ purchasing between online and offline depends on the product and
consumers’ connections. Some products that consumers feel they need to touch, smell or
try on are those that require an offline presence at least at the final purchase stage.
However, some products are also generally favor online services because of the special
consumer's satisfaction when purchasing products. The different point of views from the
scholars may support this study, some of them concluded that the consistency of meeting
the consumer's satisfaction may affect their future purchase, the others also concluded
that consumer's satisfaction depends on the service, security, attributes, and interaction
The main goal of the study is to find result of the consumer's satisfaction between
the two buying process, the Social media selling and traditional selling; specifically, it
Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework of this study is based on the LaTour and Pat's
The LaTour and Peat's Comparison level theory of satisfaction (1979), stated that
satisfaction. They found that situationally induced expectations had little effect on the
customer satisfaction, while expectations based on prior experiences were the major
determinant of customer satisfaction. This suggests that consumers may give less
with customers. It deals with customer by considering a long term perspective rather than
a short term one and it also looks at creating an approach and strategy that will generate
customer retention. In added, this theory utilize tools in creating long term value for
customers and proposes that as company delivers value to customers, strength of its
relationship with the customers will improve and increasing the customer retention in
creating strong, even emotional, customer connections to a brand that can lead to ongoing
business.
performance indicator that tracks how satisfied customers are with the business products
brand. This is measured by the customers perception of the brands overall quality,
perceived reliability, and the extent your customers need are fulfilled. Other satisfaction
factors include your customers brand loyalty, the satisfaction of a specific product
affects the consumer's satisfaction and future purchase. Also this theories helps this study
meeting their satisfactions. In addition, with these exposed theory and concepts, the
researchers aim to evaluate the satisfaction that that the customers are expecting when
they consume products from social media selling or traditional selling through different
aspects.
6
Conceptual Framework
The diagram below shows the difference between the independent variables and
the dependent variable. The Independent variables are the social selling and traditional
selling. Whereas, the dependent variable is the Effectiveness of Social Selling and
Social Selling
Consumers
Satisfaction
Traditional Selling
This study will be conducted in the New Capitol Complex, Buadi Sacayo, Marawi
City. The respondents of this study will be the social media buyers and traditional buyers
in the area who have purchased products through social media selling and traditional
selling. Participants should experience both buying process in order to compare the
satisfaction. However, this study will be conducted only within New Capitol Complex,
Buadi Sacayo, Marawi City. Consumers in the nearby this area will not be included.
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In addition, a consumer must have purchased through both buying processes. This
study aims to compare the consumer's satisfaction acquired by consumers after they
The researchers believe that the result of this study will be significant to the
following:
Consumers. The consumers will have a basis on what is appropriate for their
needs, lifestyle and economic status. With this study, potential consumers will be aware
and informed on which buying process would benefit them more and will meet their
Sellers. They will have an idea on how will they promote and market their
products. Also, they will be informed on how to improve customer relationship and use it
Aspiring Entrepreneurs. This will help them and have an idea of which kind of
Researchers. The researchers can also gain significance in this study. It can help
them improve their skill, strategy, and knowledge in engaging research. It may also be a
Future Researchers. The future researchers can also gain significance in this
study. It may serve as their guide to gather information and it may serve them as a
Definition of Terms
The following words are defined conceptually and operationally to ensure a clear
goods or providing services in exchange for money (Andelmen, 2006). In this study, it
(Dreyer, 2013). In this study, it is used as to whether the social selling or traditional
Office (PPDO).
Perceive. It is how and what a person sees on a specific subject or topic (Yang,
2012). In this study, it refers to how do the employees of the Provincial Planning and
Development Office (PPDO) see or think of the effectiveness of the Social Selling and
Traditional Selling.
Social media Selling. It refers to the use of the social media platforms and
websites to sell a product or service (Hayes, 2021). In this study, it is used as the way of
(Hayes, 2021). In this study, it refers to any type of selling that is not online.
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consumer after buying a service or product that makes him or her compare what he or she
experienced to his or her expectations (Kotler & Keller 2006). In this study, it refers on
the feeling of a consumer towards the product or the service of the seller.
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Chapter 2
This chapter highlights some related literature and studies of the comparative
study on the effectiveness of social selling and traditional selling on the businesses. The
Related Literature
thematically.
Customer Satisfaction
mentioned that every company aim is to maintain the long-term relationship with the
customers and the business organization. In order to acquire the potential customers,
needs and demands should be acknowledged also customer satisfaction has a great impact
understand what exactly the customers need and how to gain loyalty for the successful
business. As it is discussed by the authors that the customer plays a crucial role in the
market chain process. To make it clearer, satisfied customers are the ones who creates the
possibility of the new customers. If the existing customers are satisfied with the product
and service, then there are the chances of recommendation to the new ones. This will lead
to the increasing number of customers and could maintain the level of the relationship
with the customers. The author has come to know that the customer plays a crucial role in
customer satisfaction and customer loyalty and is the root of the success. During the
research, the authors figured out if the customers are satisfied with the quality of the
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service and perform the tasks according to the customer’s demand. The company has
satisfied customers along with loyalty. It can be said, that customer satisfaction is the key
component of business profitability because once the customer reaches their satisfaction
level, it may influence them to consume the service continuously. Moreover, they share
their experiences with other people, which creates the possibility of new customers.
Likewise, dissatisfied people also give their opinion about the products, about their
customers.
point when a product or service is purchased and then used, as well as throughout the
continue buying after assessing whether their experiences with the service or product has
been satisfactory or pleasurable. Extant studies have reported that purchase intention
increases the likelihood of actual purchase behavior, thus, a company that seeks profits
will need to make efforts to attract customers and ensure their satisfaction (Bapat, 2017;
is regarded as subjective, since consumers who use or consume a product are the only
ones who can measure satisfaction with it. The hospitality sector is part of the experience
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economy, hence, customer satisfaction is paramount if firms in this sector want to remain
competitive. Satisfied customers are more likely to engage in COBRA and firms can rely
on their engagement on social media to differentiate their brands on the basis of positive,
Bhatti et al. (2019) "Social Media and Consumer Satisfaction Effect on Consumer
Purchase Intention with the Moderating Role of Trust International journal of Business
Management” stated that Social media has become irreplaceable element for any small
or large scale business and to grab customers and retain them. It is considered as multi-
way approach, in which information and communication mixed and make it valuable
between sender and receiver. Social media have several ways to advertise product and
influence customers and retain them with organization such as his advertising can reach
target customer more easily and quickly. The readers of magazines can read and secure
that ad for long time that give them multiple time to attract them to buy that product.
With the long life of this advertising customers feel satisfy and safe (Marketing, 2018).
ways in which consumers interact with each other. This is particularly similar to how
consumers collect and interchange necessary information about various products with
regard to obtaining and consuming them. The rise of new social media has empowered
products and services. For instance, new social media websites, blogs, and various types
business stakeholders and large number of customers at any time regardless of their
programs on social media that can enable organizations to create beneficial relationships
generating positive word of mouth. Greater support was reported by Clark and Melancon
(2013), who found that marketing through social media has significant effect on customer
satisfaction. However, despite the suggestions of some scholars and practitioners about
there is a little research in the literature which intended to test the causal effect of social
Zhang, Chang, & Neslin (2021) “How Physical Stores Enhance Customer Value:
The Importance of Product Inspection Depth”, customers purchase a deep product from
the physical store. They reflect on this physical engagement experience, and because it is
tangible, concrete, and multisensory, it enables them to develop strong learning about the
online purchases in the same category and in adjacent categories, thus contributing to
higher customer value. This research suggests that multichannel retailers use a
Related studies
The related studies are presented thematically to provide readers with sequence of
information regarding the past research studies and their findings that support the finding
of this study.
Customer Satisfaction
Intention Effect on Online Shopping Behavior with the Moderating Role of Attitude”,
customers who is buying products and services through online or offline. Customer
satisfaction a plays primary role in any organization to boost their revenue and sustain
their customers. Meanwhile it is also very important to build strong and long lasting
product satisfy customer, they spread positive vibes to others and on the other hand they
will spread negative vibe if the product cannot meet their expectation and this is very
dissatisfaction with the lack or failure response of service provider (Gu & Ye, 2014).
Meanwhile, research establishes that half management from all, efforts to minimize
to reduce the negativity and satisfaction failure of customers. It is the cycle such as
Liang et.al (2018) “Customer satisfaction and repurchase intention”, also said that
There are non-standardized preconceptions that must be met from every product that is
product consumed, allowing consumers to decide whether the product is suitable for
consumption in the future. Consumers who are satisfied with a products performance are
more likely to recommend it to others. When consumers want to buy a product again, the
dissatisfied customers, satisfied customers are more likely to make repeat purchases.
Consumers desire to repurchase a product in the form of goods or services for which they
intention. Research in the hospitality sector has affirmed the positive effect of satisfaction
on repurchase intentions (Skarlicki et al., 2019). Customer satisfaction with the overall
service experience in the hospitality sector enhance the likelihood of patronizing the
service again.
Online Market?", as technology evolves, the innovation in the market has transpired. The
emergence of the consumers in the internet paves way in the development of different
online markets or e-commerce platforms in the Philippine. The researcher argues that the
online market should improve their delivery service. It is better if the consumers are
assured that the quality of products they will be buying on this market is in good
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condition so that the money they will be spending will not be wasted. The visual photos
presented in the market should be the expected product that the buyer will be receiving in
their own houses. This is one of the main issues of the consumers when buying in an
online market. The photos posted in the market can easily attract the eyes of the
consumers that is why they can easily decide to purchase the product. Hence, they cannot
also deny the fact that it is far from the reality because as they received the actual
product, the quality is not the same from the visual picture. To resolve this issue, there
should be an effective communication between the consumer and the seller. Although it
is the right of the producers to market their products by adding aesthetics to it, there
should be a place wherein the interest of every consumer regarding the products is
properly adhered to. The use of online application should also be a venue to have
feedback. The seller should have an efficient approach to the consumers to ask their
concerns, requests and other information to keep them assured that the products they will
be receiving is in good quality. In line with this, there should be a response from the
customers after the transaction in order for the online market to know what they need to
improve to surpass the standard of their consumers in delivering the services. In return,
there will be a strict monitoring in terms of securing the quality of the products for their
consumers.
markets in the Philippines are still visible even in the present time. Despite the knowing
that it is the oldest form of market, no one can turn a blind eye to the fact that most of the
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consumers rely on the said market to purchase their products. For instance, Filipino
consumers have perceptions toward the traditional market. The products are tangible
since most of them are being displayed in the market. For this reason, it is easier for the
consumers to validate the quality before deciding to purchase the products. In addition, it
brings awareness to the consumers since they can easily remember where the products
are being located, the brand and its information. As a result, it becomes helpful to every
consumer because they can smoothly identify their tested products that satisfy their needs
and wants. Moreover, the provided information will be useful for the consumers
particularly with the labels because it is also one way to inform the consumers with
relevant for the Filipino consumers because there is an existence of "suki" system in the
market. In a study written by Ronald (1991), suki system or also known as the market
both the buyer and the seller agreed to be their regular customer and supplier. In this case,
the reduction in the price of the products is expected, but there is still an assurance that
the products are in a good condition. Added to this account is that this serves as an edge
to the consumers for the reason that there will be a special treatment from the seller in
spite of having the competition in the prices of the available products. In other words,
there will be a bargaining effect where the consumer will try to persuade the seller to
meet his or her demand. Also,the consumers towards traditional market is that it requires
personal transaction and negotiation. The physical state of every consumer is necessary in
consumer that their requests will not just be ignored. The personal interaction is highly
advised in this form of market as it contributes to acquire a better deal and create a strong
bond between the consumer and the seller since there will be questions that need to be
business reputation, develop and maintain the loyalty of their consumers (Paska, 2013).
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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter represents how the researchers come up with the results of this study
with the research design; the research locale where the study will be conducted and the
reason why researchers chose this location for the study; and the respondents that will be
surveyed to gather the data. In addition, this chapter also discuss about the instruments
that will be used which is the survey questionnaires form likert scale. In addition, the
whole gathering data procedure will undergo the statistical treatment that will be used to
Research Design
The researchers aim to compare two buying processes which is the Social media
satisfaction. With these, they used Comparative and descriptive research design which
draw conclusion form it. It will expose the differences between the two set of variables,
then, it will be analyzed. As the differences will be exposed, the researchers will be able
to know the satisfaction it gave to the consumers as they answer the questionnaires.
The Social media selling and traditional selling have been established anywhere.
The researchers decided to conduct their research study in Provincial Planning and
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Development Office in New Capitol Complex, Buadi Sacayo, Marawi City as it is known
that this area has a lot of government employees that bought in both buying process,
Social media selling and traditional selling. The researchers have chosen these area due to
its accessibility and certain availability of data because consumers who buys in both
This study aims to measure the satisfaction of the consumers who buy products in
both Social media selling and traditional selling. The level of satisfaction is to be
compared to know which of the two buying process is more satisfying for the consumer.
The researchers used purposive sampling which choose the participants who are
likely experienced for the subject of this study ,which in this case, were able to buy things
from both Social media selling and traditional selling. Researchers seek for the
participants by asking the employees of Provincial Plan and Development Office if they
had bought items from Social media selling and traditional selling. If they are qualified as
respondents, they will be given a questionnaire to gather the desired data needed.
In pursuing the needed data of the study, the researchers will chose an appropriate
sample and sampling procedure, particularly respondents who are related to the chosen
study. These respondents are specifically the people who have bought in both Social
After the informant was chosen. The researchers have made an approval letter
from the research adviser to conduct the study. Upon the approval of the research adviser,
the researchers have retrieved the approval letter and then the researchers started to
conduct their survey questionnaires and interview some of the respondents. With that, the
When the data have been gathered it undergone certain statistical treatment like
Descriptive Statistics and Pearson Correlation. This treatments helped the researchers to
Research Instruments
The researchers used interview and survey questionnaires to gather data from the
consumers. The survey questionnaires is in Likert Scale form which measures the
satisfaction of the consumer's from 1-4, being 1 as the lowest and 4 as the highest.
The survey questions that is made by one the researchers that is modified are
divided into two parts, the first part is for the consumer's satisfaction in Social media
selling. On the other hand, the second part is for the consumer's satisfaction in traditional
selling . The first and second part of the questionnaires consist of the same questions in
terms of product, price, variety, consistency of its appearance from the display to the
Meanwhile, the researchers have interviewed some five people from the total fifty
selected respondents about their past purchasing experience and if the service of the
seller of both buying processes is good and satisfying or not. Moreover, it points if the
seller has a good communication relationship with the consumer's that makes them buy
more in their products and satisfied. The researchers will also interview that seek to know
if the consumer wants to buy again on the two buying process, Social media selling and
statistical tools to evaluate the gathered data. Since the aim of this study is to compare the
social media selling and traditional selling, statistical tool that measures difference will
be used.
In addition, the researchers used Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation for
The first statistical tool that was used js the Descriptive statistics, it will be used to
summarize the characteristic of the sample set , such as the weighted mean and the
standard deviation. Moreover, the second statistical tool that will be used is the Pearson
correlation.
Weighted mean. This was used to determine the mean score of the respondents.
It will determine the average responses of the different options provided in the various
variables and used to see if there is a linear relationship between those variables. In this
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study, it was used to see if there is a significant relationship between the effectiveness of
Social media Selling and Traditional Selling in terms of consumer satisfaction of the
chosen respondents.
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Chapter 4
This chapter presents the gathered data, results of the researchers’ survey and its
employees of Provincial Plan Department Office towards the two buying process, Social
1) I am
satisfied of
buying
products in
Social media
selling.
2) The product
I bought is
satisfying and
has good
features and
quality.
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3) I am
satisfied with
the products
durability.
4) I am
satisfied with
the cost of
product as it is
budget-
friendly.
5) I am
satisfied with
the appearance
of the products
as it is same as
those
displayed.
6) There are
wide varieties
of products to
choose to meet
my satisfaction
when
purchasing.
7) I am
satisfied on
how products
are organized
and easy to
find.
8) I am
satisfied on
how the seller
entertains my
questions
about the
product.
9) I am
satisfied on
how the sellers
approach me
27
politely.
10) I am
satisfied on
how the sale
staffs convince
me to buy their
product in an
appropriate
manner.
11) I am
satisfied on
how the seller
builds good
customer
relationships to
a buyer like
me.
12) I am
satisfied with
the
informations
provided from
seller about the
product.
13) I am
satisfied on the
freshness of
the received
product I
purchased.
14) I am
satisfied on the
security in
buying
products in
Social media
selling.
15) I am
satisfied on the
services in
buying
products in
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Social media
selling.