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Design and Implementation of Arduino Based Voting Machine: Santosh Kumar Shaw Sashank Poddar Vivek Singh Sudip Dogra

The document presents the design and implementation of an Arduino-based electronic voting machine that utilizes a two-tier fingerprint security system to ensure fair elections in India. The system aims to eliminate issues such as multiple voting and unauthorized access by verifying voters through their unique fingerprints and Aadhar IDs. It highlights the advantages of using this technology for secure and reliable voting processes, ultimately ensuring that each voter can cast only one vote.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
15 views5 pages

Design and Implementation of Arduino Based Voting Machine: Santosh Kumar Shaw Sashank Poddar Vivek Singh Sudip Dogra

The document presents the design and implementation of an Arduino-based electronic voting machine that utilizes a two-tier fingerprint security system to ensure fair elections in India. The system aims to eliminate issues such as multiple voting and unauthorized access by verifying voters through their unique fingerprints and Aadhar IDs. It highlights the advantages of using this technology for secure and reliable voting processes, ultimately ensuring that each voter can cast only one vote.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2018 IEEE Electron Device Kolkata Conference (EDKCON), 24-25 November, 2018, Kolkata, India 450

Design and Implementation of Arduino Based Voting


Machine
Santosh Kumar Shaw Sashank Poddar Vivek Singh Sudip Dogra
Electronics and Communication Electronics and Communication Electronics and Communication Electronics and Communication
Engineering Engineering Engineering Engineering
Meghnad Saha Institute of Meghnad Saha Institute of Meghnad Saha Institute of Meghnad Saha Institute of
Technology Technology Technology Technology
Kolkata, India Kolkata, India Kolkata, India Kolkata, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Abstract—India being the largest democracy faces a lot of hacking also A. Piratheepan, S. Sasikaran, P. Thanushkanth, S.
issues during elections. Lot of controversies are reported about Tharsika, M. Nathiya, C. Sivakaran, N. Thiruchchelvan and
voting system, voting machines, authentication of voting, Thiruthanigesan Kanagasabai. [3] have proposed a ‘Fingerprint
corruptions during elections etc [1]. In our paper we have voting system using arduino’, in this system the complete
described a secured system that can eliminate such controversies process has been carried out on the basis of fingerprint only,
involving elections in our country. In our present work we have there is no provision of providing UID to the voters. There is
developed a prototype and tested successfully an Arduino UNO no scope for avoiding multiple voting. N.N.Nagamma,
based Aadhar facilitated electronic voting machine possessing a M.V.Lakshmaiah and T.Narmada [4] have proposed an
Two-Tier fingerprint security. The main purpose of this system is
‘Aadhar based fingerprint EVM system’, this system have been
to give a straight and fair elections and to curb all other factors
designed using raspberry pi 3. This system doesn’t give
that affect it, this goal has been achieved by providing dual
verification of the voters based on their fingerprint and unique blocking multiple votes from a single voter. Our designed
id. In this System all the relevant information are taken from the system has overcome of all these shortcomings of these
voters and are stored in the database, then they are provided systems. In our system, the authentication of the voter is done
with unique ID. The process of verification involves matching of before entering the voting booth, as well as, our system doesn’t
this id and fingerprint from the database. This is a faster and allow a voter to cast multiple votes, thus assuring the aim of
more secured way of holding elections. Our system is secured, ‘One voter – One vote’. In this work we have proposed and
reliable and also cost- effective. developed a voting system where we have tried to minimize
these problems. Every person in this world have unique
Keywords— Embedded system design and development using fingerprint which has been utilized to its fullest in this system
Arduino UNO and finger print scanner for real life applications. and moreover this system have automatic voting counting
which suspends other chances of corruption. In present EVM
I. INTRODUCTION system there is chance that anyone can caste the vote of the
other person if the polling officer can be taken in control. There
Elections make a fundamental contribution to democratic is no automatic electronic checking system to ensure the
government. Elections enable voters to select leaders and to physical presence of the voter, where as in our system the
hold them accountable for their performance in office. So, the fingerprint scanning process will assure that the voter is
process of the voting should be free from discrepancies. physically present. Moreover, in this system there is assurance
There were many voting systems earlier in the world such as, of “One voter – One vote” and the major problem of the fake
ballots; electronic voting machine, punch card and Optical voting can be minimized. This work uses fingerprint and
mark sense ballots, but each of these systems has several Arduino technology to build the whole application which
drawbacks. Many of these systems involve manual counting of makes really tough for anyone to corrupt the system. This
votes, so there is more chances of error, such as false counting paper is organized as follows: Section II describes Arduino and
influenced by the involved parties [1]. Various voting systems Finger print scanner in brief, Section III describes the scheme
have been developed with their merits and demerits Ankita R. and operation of the system, in section IV the operations
kasliwalane , Jaya S. Gadekar, Manjiri A. Lavadkar, Pallavi K. performed by the voter is explained, in section V the
Thorat, Dr. Prapti Desmukh.[2] have proposed an ‘Aadhar description of the technical details of the developed prototype
based election voting system’, in this system they have system is given. The advantages of the designed system are
designed a website in ASP.NET and SQL database with the mentioned in section VI. Conclusion is detailed in section VII.
help of that website they will conduct the voting process, but in
this process there is always a need of internet connection to
access the designed website which is not possible in case of
remote areas of a country. There may be problems due to

978-1-5386-6415-5/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE


2018 IEEE Electron Device Kolkata Conference (EDKCON), 24-25 November, 2018, Kolkata, India 451

II. ARDUINO AND FINGERPRINT SCANNER IN B. Voting


BRIEF The second stage in which voting occurs, after entering the
polling booth the voter needs to go to the voting officer present
A. Arduino Uno in the booth. The voting officer will activate the voting
Arduino Uno is a microcontroller based on the machine by feeding password to the machine, after this the
ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog machine gets activated and a message will be displayed on the
inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB port, a power slot, LCD screen ‘Enter your Aadhar ID ’, the voting officer then
an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains everything will ask from the voter for the 12 digit unique id. Now, officer
needed to will be support the microcontroller; simply connect it will enter the ID of the voter in the machine. If the entered
to a computer with a USB cable or power it with AC-to- DC Aadhar ID is matched with the database ID then a message
adapter or battery to get started. will be displayed ‘Scan your finger!’, then the voter needs to
put his/her finger on the fingerprint scanner. If the fingerprint
B. Fingerprint module matches from the fingerprint which is stored in the database
corresponding to the entered ID, a message on the LCD will be
Finger print module is an input device used for Fingerprint
displayed ‘VOTE NOW’, then the servo motors will rotate and
processing and captures a digital image of the fingerprint the gate under the which voting buttons are present are made
pattern. Fingerprint enrolment and fingerprint matching (the visible to the voter. There will be options of the various parties
matching can be 1:1 or 1: N). When enrolling, user needs to from which a voter can choose a party of their choice by
enter the finger two times. The system will process the two- pressing the button present on the machine for their party.
time finger images, generate a template of the finger based on After voter press any one of the button, the LED will glow and
processing results and store the template. The captured image LCD will display “ YOU HAVE VOTED FOR <NAME OF
is called a live scan. This live scan is digitally processed to THE PARTY>” and the gate of the voting machine will get
create a biometric which is stored and used for matching. automatically closed.
When matching, user enters the finger on optical sensor and
Multiple votes cannot be casted as the buzzer will start as
system will generate a template of the finger and compare it
soon as he/she presses the voting button for the second time
with templates of the finger library. For 1:1 matching, system
and the culprit will be caught and the machine will not count
will compare the live finger with specific template designated fake vote.
in the Module, for 1: N matching, or searching, system will
search the whole finger library for the matching finger. Many
technologies have been used including optical, capacitive, RF,
thermal. This is an overview of some of the more commonly
used fingerprint sensor technologies.
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM
In our designed prototype there will be a registration
followed by a voting stage.

A. Registration
The process of voting takes in two stages. In the first stage,
there will be a system installed at the entrance gate as shown in Fig. 1. People in voting line at the door.
figure 1 , this system is composed of Arduino and a fingerprint
sensor. At this stage , voters need to verify their identity by
putting their finger on the fingerprint scanner , a message on IV. OPERATIONS OF THE VOTER
LCD will be displayed ‘Scan your finger!’ , then their A. On the gate
fingerprint will be matched from the those which are stored in
• The voter scans his finger at the entrance gate.
the database and if the fingerprint is verified , a message will
be again displayed in the LCD ‘Authorized voter’ , and the • The finger print of the voter is matched with the
gate of the polling booth will get open and then the voter will stored finger id in the database.
be allowed to go inside the polling booth. If the fingerprint is • If the fingerprint is matched, voter is Authorized
not verified , a message will be again displayed in the LCD
voter, the door will open.
‘Unauthorized voter’ , and the gate of the polling booth will
remain closed. • The voter enters inside the door and the door will
close
After an individual has casted his/her vote if he/she again tries
to enter the voting room they will be blocked at the entrance • If the same finger is scanned more than one’s.
gate as they have already scanned their finger. • The buzzer starts and the victim will be caught.
2018 IEEE Electron Device Kolkata Conference (EDKCON), 24-25 November, 2018, Kolkata, India 452

Start
Start

Enter the password to start the machine


voter scan the finger at the Gate

If password matched C

Is the finger id == Yes


Aadhar card database id LCD prints the machine is ready for voting
&& flag==0 No
B
Yes
Enter your Aadhar number.
LCD prints Authorized Voter

No D
If Aadhar no. is found
Servo motor rotates and the gate will
Open and flag=1 Yes
A
Scan your finger
Voter enters inside the room and Servo
motor rotates and close the door
B No If scanned finger id ==
A database id

Yes
LCD prints “you have already scanned
Servo motors turns 180 degree and the voting
your finger “
button door will open

Servo remains close


LCD prints cast your vote

Buzzer goes high and victim will be


caught. Button pressed LED will start glowing and LCD
prints you have casted your vote successfully
B. Inside the room
• Voter will be asked to enter his/her Aadhar ID. Servo motor will turn to 0 degree and the voting
• If the entered ID matches with the Aadhar database buttons door will close
Id , voter will be asked to scan his/her finger.
• If the scanned fingerprint matches with the registered
fingerprint, the servo motor connected to the system No
If finger id == same or
rotates and thus enabling the voter to cast his/her previously used
vote.
• To indicate whether the vote has been casted Yes
successfully LED has been used. If LED glows the Buttons door will open and button will be pressed
vote has been casted successfully otherwise it
remains off.
Buzzer goes high

The fake vote will not be counted by the machine

C D

Re-enter the Wrong


password Aadhar
2018 IEEE Electron Device Kolkata Conference (EDKCON), 24-25 November, 2018, Kolkata, India 453

V. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SYSTEM


We have implemented our system by fingerprint reader,
16X2 LCD ,servo motor,4 X 4 keypad, buzzer ,LED and
Arduino UNO board. The intelligence of our design system
residing on the fingerprint reader (R307) and the arduino board
we have used. The fingerprint reader is a more secured way of
identification of a person as every individual has a unique
fingerprint.
The fingerprint reader (R307) module as shown in the
figure is a low cost solution to read fingerprint which
distinguishes one person from another. The fingerprint module
Fig. 3. Fingerprint conneted to Arduino UNO
can be used in a wide variety of hobbyist and commercial
applications including automatic identification, security LCD I2C Module- The LCD I2C Module has four
systems, payment system etc. This module has following connections (GND,VCC,SDA,SCL). The LED backlight and
specifications: can display two rows with up to 16 characters on each row.
 It has high speed DSP processor, high capacity You can see the rectangles for each character on the display
FLASH chips and other hardware and software and the pixels that make up each character. The display is just
composition for stable and better performance. white on blue and is intended for showing text. LCD screen
functions as interface between the user and Arduino, which
 Requires single +5V DC supply. displays messages that features the user to know when to
 Fully integrated low cost method for identification. register and to vote and also whether their vote is valid or not.

 It has a storage capacity of 1000.


VI. ADVANTAGES OF OUR SYSTEM
 It supports USB operation. In our designed system the entrance door will open on if the
This is a fingerprint sensor module with TTL UART fingerprint of an individual scanned at the entrance door
interface for direct connections to microcontroller UART or to matches with the fingerprint stored at the database thus
PC through MAX232 / USB-Serial adapter. The user can store eliminating the chance of fake voters entering the voting booth.
the finger print data in the module and can configure it in 1:1 If the authorized voter enters the voting booth and after casting
or 1: N mode for identifying the person. The FP module can his/her vote again tries to cast vote for the second time
directly interface with 3.3V or 5V Microcontroller . A level (multiple vote) he/she would be caught as the buzzer will start
converter (like MAX232) is required for interfacing with PC buzzing so our system eliminated multiple voting.
serial port.

Fig. 2. Fingerprint module (R307)

A. Electronic connection
Fingerprint Module- The fingerprint module can be
integrated into any design using only four connections (VCC, Fig. 4. Photograph of designed hardware at the entrance.
GND ,TX,RX). Following circuit for connecting the R307
fingerprint module to Arduino UNO has been shown in the
Fig3.
2018 IEEE Electron Device Kolkata Conference (EDKCON), 24-25 November, 2018, Kolkata, India 454

VII. CONCLUSION
In our proposed voting process, verification for authorized
voter is done with the help of fingerprint scanner, which
insures that voter is registered voter and only authorized voters
are allowed to enter the voting room. This also assures the
physical presence of the voter. Multiple votes of single voter
cannot be casted as only one vote per user is allowed. If the
voter tries to cast multiple votes alarm will be activated and the
security personals will be informed. Thus, our system
eliminates the chances of multiple voting also which makes our
system more secured.

REFERENCES

[1] https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/fake-voters-ec-blames-
multiple-applications-technical-glitches/
[2] Ankita R. kasliwal, Jaya S. Gadekar, Manjiri A. Lavadkar, Pallavi K.
Fig. 5. Photograph of designed hardware inside the Voting booth. Thorat, Dr. Prapti Desmukh,”Aadhar Based Election Voting Syestem”
,IOSR- Journal of Computer and Engineering),[p-ISSN2394-9333],PP
18-21.
[3] Thiruthanigesan Kanagasabai et al,”Fingerprint voting system using
Arduino,Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research,25 (8): 1793-
1802,2017.
[4] N.N.Nagamma and et al. “Aadhar based fingerprint EVM system”,
International Journal of Electronics Engineering Research,ISSN 0975-
6450 vol.9,No.6(2017) pp. 923-930.
[5] Deepika Iswarya, Rathna Prabha, Trini Xavier, "A Survey on E-Voting
System Using Arduino Software", International Journal of Advanced
Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (An
ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 687-690,
February 2016.
[6] Navnath Baban Belote, Sneha Revankar, "Next Generation Electronic
Voting Machine", International Journal of Advanced Research in
Computer and Communication Engineering, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 622-
624,2016.
[7] R. Mary Lourde, Dushyant Khosla, "Fingerprint Identification in
Biometric Security Systems", International Journal of Computer and
Fig. 6. Photograph showing that multiple vote is not counted. Electrical Engineering, vol. 2, no. 5, October 2010.

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