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P525/1

CHEMISTRY

Paper 1

(Theory)

June/July. 2023

23/4 hours

ST.JULIAN HIGH SCHOOL- GAYAZA

Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

S.5 CHEMISTRY

Paper 1

(Theory)

2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS:

Answer ALL questions in section A and ONLY SIX questions in section B.

All questions MUST be answered in the spaces provided.

The Periodic Table, with relative atomic masses is attached at the end of the paper.

Illustrate your answers with equation(s) where applicable.

Where necessary, use the following:

Molar gas constant, R = 8.31 JK-1mol-1

Molar gas volume at s.t.p is 22.4 litres

Standard temperature = 273K

Standard pressure = 101325 Nm-2

FOR EXAMINERS’ USE ONLY

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SECTION A: (46 MARKS)

1. (a). Define the term half life. (01 mark)

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(b). The half life of radium is 1590 years. How long will it take for a sample of radium
to decay to 25% of its original amount? (03 marks)

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2. 20 cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon, Z (CxHy) was exploded with 200 cm3 of oxygen.
On cooling to room temperature, the residual gases occupied 170 cm3. When the residual
gases were passed through sodium hydroxide solution, the volume reduced to 130 cm3.

(a)(i). Write the equation for the reaction between Z and oxygen. (01 mark)

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(ii). State the purpose of passing the residual gases through sodium hydroxide
solution. (1/2 mark)

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(b)(i). Determine the molecular formula of Z. (03 marks)

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(ii). Write the structural formula and IUPAC name of Z. (011/2 marks)

Structural formula…………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………

IUPAC name………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3). Write the equation for the;

(a). first ionization energy of aluminium. (01 mark)

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(b). second ionization energy of aluminium. (01 mark)

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(c). third ionization energy of aluminium. (01 mark)

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(d). first electron affinity of oxygen. (01 mark)

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(e). second electron affinity of oxygen. (01 mark)

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4). (a). Define the term colligative properties. (01 mark)

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(b)(i). State four examples of colligative properties. (02 marks)

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(ii). The properties in b(i) above hold for certain assumptions. State them.
(02 marks)

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(c). State one application of colligative properties. (01 mark)

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5). Complete the following organic reaction and outline an accepted mechanism for
the reaction.
Conc. H2SO4
(a). CH3CH2OH ………………………………………………………………..
180⁰C

Mechanism: (031/2 marks)

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6). Write the electronic configurations of the following species.

(a). Chromium (01 mark)

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(b). Iron(III) ion (01 mark)

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(c). Oxide ion (01 mark)

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(d). Calcium (01 mark)

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(e). Bromide ion (01 mark)

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7). (a). Complete the following equations.

(i). 27
13𝐴𝑙 + 10𝑛 → β +……………………………………………………………………………………(01 mark)

(ii). 4 11𝐻 → 4
2𝐻𝑒 + ………………………………………………………………………………………(01 mark)

(iii). 239
92𝑈 → 239
91𝑈 +………………………………………………………………………………………(01 mark)

(b). An element X has two naturally occurring isotopes with isotopic masses and
relative abundancies as shown below.

Isotopic mass Relative abundancies

79 50.5
81 49.5
(i). State what is meant by the term relative atomic mass. (01 mark)

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(ii). Calculate the relative atomic mass of X. (011/2 marks)

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8). (a).Define the term functional group. (01 mark)

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(b). Identify the functional group in each of the following compounds.

(i). CH3CH2CH3 (01 mark)

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(ii). CH3CH=CHCH3 (01 mark)

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(iii). pent-3-yne (01 mark)

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(iv). CH3CH2OH (01 mark)

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(v). C6H5COOH (01 mark)

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9). Define the following periodic parameters as used in inorganic chemistry.

(a). Atomic radius (01 mark)

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(b). First ionization energy (01 mark)

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(c). Second ionization energy (01 mark)

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(d). First electron affinity (01 mark)

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(e). Electronegativity (01 mark)

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SECTION B: (54 MARKS)

Answer SIX questions from this section.
Additional questions will NOT be marked.

10). (a). State Graham’s law of gaseous diffusion. (01 mark)

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(b). The time taken for 1.76 cm3 of oxygen to diffuse through a porous partition
is 103 seconds. Another gaseous alkyne Z, (CnH2n-2) at the same conditions of temperature
and pressure diffuses through the partition at the rate of 1.3 cm3 in 101 seconds.

(i). Determine the relative molecular mass of Z (03 marks)

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(ii). Deduce the molecular formula of Z (02 marks)

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(iii).Write the structural formulae and IUPAC names of all possible isomers of Z.

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11). Aluminium is an element in the periodic table with atomic number 13.

(a)(i). Write the electronic configuration of aluminium. (01 mark)

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(ii). Explain how the aluminium atom forms the aluminium ion. (02 marks)

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(b). Giving a reason in each case, state the group, period and periodic block to
which aluminium belongs.

(i). Group…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..(01 mark)

Reason:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(ii). Period…………………………………………………………………………………………………………(01 mark)

Reason:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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(iii).Block……………………………………………………………………………………………………………(01 mark)

Reason:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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12). Complete the following organic reactions and write the IUPAC name of the major
organic product. (09 marks)
sodalime
(a). CH3CH2COOH ……………………………………………………………
heat
Name of the major organic product………………………………………………………………………………………………….

H2O/H+
(b). CH3MgBr ……………………………………………………………

Name of the major organic product…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2Na(s) / dry ether

(c). CH3CH2Cl ……………………………………………………………

Name of the major organic product………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Zn-Cu couple
(d). CH3CH2CH2I ……………………………………………………………
Aqueous ethanol

Name of the major organic product…………………………………………………………………………………………………

H2/Ni
(e). CH3CH2CH=CHCH3 ………………………………………………
0
150 C

Name of the major organic product………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2H2 / Pt
(f). CH3CΞCCH3 ………………………………………………
25OC

Name of the major organic product…………………………………………………………………………………………………

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13). (a). Define the term vapour pressure of a liquid. (01 mark)

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(b)(i). State Raoult’s law of vapour pressure lowering. (01 mark)

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(ii). Explain why an aqueous solution of sucrose has a lower vapour pressure
than pure water at a given temperature. (03 marks)

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(c). When determining relative formula mass (RFM) of non-volatile solutes using
colligative properties, one of the assumptions is that the solute should not associate in
solution.State and explain the effect of association on the RFM of the solute.(04 marks)

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14). 1.2g of an organic compound, Y on complete combustion gave 2.64g of carbon

dioxide and 1.44g of water. When 1.2g of Y was vapourised at 101325 Pa and 25oC, it
occupied a volume of 488.78cm3.

(a)(i). Calculate the empirical formula of Y. (03 marks)

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(ii). Calculate the formula mass of Y. (02 1/2 marks)

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(iii). Deduce the molecular formula of Y. (011/2 marks)

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(b). If Y is an alcohol, write the structural formulae and IUPAC names for all possibles
isomers of Y (02 marks)

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15). Explain the following observations.

(a). The first electron affinity of oxygen is exothermic where as the second
electron affinity of oxygen is endothermic. (03 marks)

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(b). The ionic radius of magnesium ion is smaller than the radius of the
corresponding magnesium atom. (03 marks)

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(c). The ionic radius of the chloride ion is larger than the radius of the
corresponding chlorine atom. (03 marks)

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16). A vapourised sample of bromine whose RAM is to be determined was

introduced into an evacuated mass spectrometer.

(a)(i). State why the mass spectrometer was evacuated. (01 mark)

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(b). Describe how, in a mass spectrometer, ions are;

(i). formed (02 marks)

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(ii). accelerated (02 marks)

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(iii). deflected (02 marks)

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(iv). recorded on a mass spectrum. (02 marks)

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17). Write equations to show how the following conversions can be effected. Indicate
the reagent(s) and condition(s) for the reaction(s).

(a). CH3CH3 to CH3CH2CH2CH3 (03 marks)

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(b). H2C=CH2 to CH3CH2NO2 (03 marks)

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(c). CH3CH2CH2COOH to CH3CH2CH2Cl (03 marks)

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END

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