 AFP is presently composed of three (3) Major  Chief of Staff, AFP - the principal military adviser

Services: of the President, he commands the AFP and

 The Philippine Army (PA) executes the President’s command functions in
 Philippine Air Force (PAF) military strategy and tactics. Highest Military
 Philippine Navy (PN) Officer in the Military
 21 December 1935 – the AFP was created.  Secretary of National Defense – is the civilian
 20 May 1898 – Philippine Navy was created. adviser of the President on matters concerning
 01 July 1947 – Philippine Air Force was defense and security of the state. Exercises
established. executive supervision over the AFP.
 Lapu-Lapu – is the father of the AFP.  First Aid –is the immediate treatment
 27 Apr 1521- Battle of Mactan takes place. administered to a victim of injury or illness before
 June 12, 1898 - the Philippine Independence from the services of a doctor or corpsman can be
Spain was declared in Kawit, Cavite obtained
 Andres Bonifacio – is the father of the Philippine  Four Life Savings Steps:
Army.  Stop the bleeding
 07 July 1892 – Andres Bonifacio founded a more  Protect the Wound
radical group called Katipunan.  Prevent or Treat
 Pres. Bongbong Marcos – he is the Commander  Restore Breathing
in chief of the Philippines.  Wounds – any break in the continuity of the
 Sir - is used in military conversation as a sign of skin/tissue of the body.
respect.  Protect the Wound – by applying first aid
 Traditions - are inherited principles, standards, dressing.
and policies that serves as guides for an individual  Stop the Bleeding – by elevating, direct pressure
or group. and by applying tourniquet.
 Customs - is accepted practices realized through  Classification of Wounds
continued usage that take the force and effect of  Open Wound – there is a break in the skin
common law. or mucus membrane.
 Five (5) Military Traditions  Close Wound – involves underlying
 Tradition of Valor – it is the gallantry in tissues without a break in the skin or
the face of clear danger. Knowing how and mucus membrane.
when to fight and fight with honor.  Types of Wounds
 Tradition of Duty – perform your tasks  Abrasions – results from scraping
with deep sense of responsibility and self- (abrading) the skin. Bleeding is minimal
sacrifice. This is shown by serving up to and limited to ruptured small veins and
more than 24 hours of duty without capillaries.
hesitation and question.  Incised Wound – commonly caused by
 Tradition of Honor - Leading a life in sharp objects the degree of bleeding
peace or war in personal dignity and self- depends on the deep and extent of a cut.
worth. Soldiers must not exchange their  Lacerated Wound – jagged, irregular or
honor and dignity with the glitter of gold or blunt breaks or tears in the skin.
color of money.  Puncture Wounds – caused by pointed
 Tradition of Solidarity - Unity is the objects such as pin, ice pick, nails and
strongest, most enduring and powerful splinters.
military tradition. AFP work together  Avulsions – involve forcible separation or
whatever the situation we are in and we tearing or tissue from the victim’s body,
take pride in being a member of this commonly causes by animal bites and
organization. accidents involving motor vehicles and
 Tradition of Loyalty – Filipino respect heavy machinery.
and love their country that they are ready  Complication of Wounds
to give the supreme sacrifice (die) if  Bleeding - continuation of blood flowing
needed and necessary. from the wounds.
 Loyalty  Infections – the healing process is
 a. Put obligations in correct order, delayed by infection.
 b. Show faithfulness to unit and comrades,  Snake Bite
 c. Carry out tough orders without  Poisonous Snake Bite - has elliptical
expressing personal criticism, eyes and leave two (2) fangs marked.
 d. Defend soldiers against unfair  No Poisonous Snake Bite – has round
treatment. eyes and single fang marked.
 Salute - is the highest form of Military Courtesy.  Poisoning - is the introduction of any substance,
 The White Flag of Truce - use to signal the solid, liquid or gas, into the body that tends to
temporary cessation of hostilities between warring impair health or may cause death.
factions.  Drowning – is the aspiration of fluids or
 The Three Volleys of Fire Over Graves – is a obstruction of the airway caused by spasm of the
sign of respect and gesture of farewell tendered to larynx in the water.
a departed comrade-in-arms.  Cause of Drowning
  Cramps - the muscles undergo marked  Mail – Classified messages could be sent
spasm and would totally incapacitate a through mail in crypto graphic form
swimmer because of severe pain.  Tele - is the Greek word of telecommunication
 Hyperventilation - the excessive deep meaning far; far of; or broadly, operating at a
breathing of the lungs before swimming distance.
under water, the carbon dioxide  Telecommunication
concentration of the blood is lowered by  Radio – considered a practical means of
the forced exhaling of air during deep communication
breathing.  Wire – means of communication and includes
 Burns - is an injury that result from heat, chemical the use of field wire, cable assemblies, wire
agents or radiation. laying and recovery equipment
 Classification  Visual – supplementary means of
 First Degree Burn – involve the communication that is available to all units
superficial layer of the skin,  Sound – also a supplementary means of
healing occurs rapidly. It is communication that is available to all units
redness, swelling and pain.  Signum – is the Latin word of signal meaning
 Second Degree Burns – deeper make or sign.
than first degree burns, blister  Signal communication - is a method or means of
formation, considerable swelling, conveying information from one person or place to
more painful because the nerve another except by direct conversation.
ending are destroyed in 3rd  the Philippine Navy was created 22 June 22,
degree burns. 1898 by the Revolutionary Army.
 Third Degree Burns – involve  Military Jurisdiction
complete loss of all layers of the  is exercised by a belligerent state occupying
skin. an enemy’s territory (military government);
 One Man Carry  by a government temporarily governing the
 Fireman’s carry – the easiest way for one civil populace through its military forces
person to carry another. without authority of a written law as necessity
 Support Carry – the casualty must be may require (martial law);
able to walk or at least hop on one leg  and by the government in the execution of its
using the bearer as a crutch. authority over the military as conferred by a
 Arms carry – Useful in carrying a casualty branch of municipal law.
for a short distance.  Military Leadership – The ability to influence
 Saddle Back Carry – on a conscious others directing them towards the accomplishment
casualty for a short distance. of a mission.
 Pack Strap Carry – the casualty weight  Military Justice - is the system for enforcing
rest high on the bearers back, this makes discipline and administering criminal law in the
easier for the bearer to carry the casualty Military Establishment.
for moderate distance.  Department of National Defense (DND)
 Pistol Belt carry – the best one man carry  is located at Camp Emilio Aguinaldo, EDSA,
for a long distance. Quezon City.
 Pistol Belt Drag – these are generally  is the agency under the Executive Branch of
used for short distance. It is also useful the government which is responsible for the
in combat. supervision of the national defense program of
 Neck Drag – this is useful because the the country.
bearer can transport the casualty when he  Mission of Philippine Air Force - To conduct
creeps behind a low wall or shrubbery or prompt and sustained operations in the air
through a culvert. especially those forces needed to defend the
 Cradle Drop Drag – very effective in Philippines against air attacks, to gain air
moving casualty up or down steps. superiority and control vital air areas.
 Survival - is the action of staying alive with limited  Mission of Philippine Army - To conduct prompt
resources and sustained ground operations to accomplish
 Water - is simply a basic human need. Without the AFP mission.
water, you lose your will to live.  Mission of Philippine Navy - To organize, train,
 Sources of Water - Bamboo, Banana Core, Vines equip, maintain and operate naval forces, aircraft
 Purification - is a process of removing and other naval units necessary to provide the
undesirable chemicals, materials, and biological water borne support requires by the AFP in
contaminants from raw water. accomplishment of its mission.
 Foods - Replenishes the substance your body  Military Organization - a group of persons or
burns and provides energy units bonded together to perform military functions
 Physical Communication with definite responsibilities and duties assigned to
 Messenger – the oldest and most secure each individual.
means of communication  Message - is thought or idea, expressed in brief,
 Trained Animals – This means used the plain or secret language and prepared in a form
ability of some animals suitable for transmission by any means of
communication
 Message Writing  Make sound and timely decisions - The
 Types: leader must be able to make a rapid estimate
 Unofficial Messages – Personal of the situation and arrive at a sound decision.
messages as information  Set an example - A good leader must be a
 Official Messages – specifically pertains good example to his men in integrity, courage,
to the official or related functions of the professional competence, personal
military establishments appearance and conduct.
 Press Messages – originated by duly  Know your men and look out for their
accredited news gathering individual welfare - A leader must understand what
 Drills – consist of certain movements by which the makes his men stick to their values, ideas and
squad, platoon, company or battalion is moved in attitude. Understanding self is of equal
an orderly manner from one formation to another. importance in understanding his men.
 Command - is the authority of a person in the  Keep your men informed - Keeping your men
military in service, lawfully exercise over informed will reduce fear and humors thus will
subordinates by virtue of his rank and position. gain cooperation and instilling to them one
 Two (2) parts of Commands common goal and mission.
 Preparatory Command -the movement to be  Develop sense of responsibility in your
carried out and mentally prepares the soldier subordinates - Another way to show your
for its execution. In the command PASULONG men that you are interested in their welfare is
KAD, the preparatory command is by giving them the opportunity for professional
PASULONG. development.
 Command of Execution - the movement is to  Ensure that the task is understood,
be carried out. In PASULONG KAD, the supervised and accomplished - Your men
command of execution is KAD. must know what is expected from them and
 Mass Command - used to develop confidence must be informed of specific task requirements
and promote enthusiasm. When the commander through clear and concise orders. Be sure that
wants the unit to use mass commands, he you are understood by communicating with
commands SA AKING PAG-UTOS (AT MY your men.
COMMAND).  Train your men as a team - The very essence
 Supplementary Commands - are oral orders of leadership is the ability to influence your
given by a subordinate leader to reinforce and men to act as one, to act in unison and as a
complement a commander’s orders. team in the accomplishment of a mission.
 Directives - all oral orders given by the  Employ your command/unit in accordance
commander that direct or cause subordinate with its capabilities - Men get satisfaction
leader to take actions. when performing tasks which are challenging
 Inflection - is the rise and fall in pitch and the tone yet within their capabilities but become
changes of voice. dissatisfied if given tasks that are considered
 Position of Attention – is the best posture for too easy, too difficult and above all out of
giving commands. bound. Putting the right person on the right job
 Management - is the process of planning, is the key to this principle.
organizing, coordinating, directing and controlling  Discipline - Prompt and willing obedience to all
sources such as men, money, materials, and orders both for your men and self.
machinery to accomplish the organizational  Morale - is a good leadership is required to
mission. maintain or improve the mental and emotional
 Leadership Traits – personal qualities essential state of his subordinates.
for a commander in gaining obedience, trust,  Proficiency – concentrate in increasing our
respect and cooperation of his men in physical, mental and technical capabilities.
accomplishing a mission.  Bearing – is the general appearance, carriage,
 Leadership Principles – fundamental guidelines deportment and conduct of a good leader.
for the selection of appropriate action and order in  Courage – is the mental quality that recognizes
the exercise of the command. fear of danger or criticism but enables him to face
 Know yourself and seek self-improvement - it with calmness and firmness.
Honest self-evaluation to determine his own  Decisiveness – is the promptness of making a
strengths and weaknesses is a paramount decision in a state of clear and forceful manner.
importance to a leader.  Dependability – reliability and certainty of a
 Be technically and tactically proficient - A performance in the execution of duty.
leader must be competent in combat  Endurance – is the physical and mental stamina,
operations and training as well as in the measured by the ability to withstand pain, fatigue,
technical and administrative aspect of his duty. stress, and hardships.
 Seek responsibility and take responsibility  Enthusiasm – is the display of sincere interest
for your actions - Armed with knowledge and zeal in the performance of duty.
gained from the honest self-evaluation and  Initiative – taking actions in the absence of orders.
with the sound technical and tactical  Integrity – is the uprightness and soundness of
foundation required to perform his duty, the moral principles.
leader must take initiative to accomplish his
unit’s mission.
 Judgement – is the ability to logically weigh facts
and possible solutions on to arrive at a sound
decisions.
 Justice – is the reward and punishment according
to the merits of the case in question.
 Knowledge – keeping self-abreast of current
development in his military specialty and
command.
 Loyalty – is the quality of faithfulness to country,
seniors, subordinates and peers.
 Tact – is the ability to deal with others in respectful
manner.
 Unselfishness – is one who avoids his own
comfort and personal advancement for the welfare
of his men.