UNIVERSITY OF ZULULAND

FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AGRICULTURE AND ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF HYDROLOGY
SHYD222

ASSIGNMENT 1
Assignment 1.1
Open the project
You'll label suburbs in Wellington, New Zealand; historic buildings that lie in a flood risk
zone; and local civil defense centers. Adding labels makes it easier for a city planning group
to identify important features on the map and make decisions for risk management.

1. Start ArcGIS Pro and sign in if necessary.

2. On the start page, next to the list of recent projects, click Open another project.

Note:

If you already have a project open, click the Project tab on the ribbon. In the list of
side tabs, click Open. On the Open page, click Open another project at the top
of the page.

3. On the Open Project dialog box, under Portal , click ArcGIS Online .
4. At the top of the dialog box, in the Search box, type Label your map and press
the Enter key.
5. In the list of search results, click Label your map to select the project package.
6. Click OK.

The project opens with a light gray basemap centered on Wellington, New Zealand.
Boundaries of local neighborhoods and suburbs are drawn in darker gray, and a flood
risk zone is shown in light blue. Other layers in the Contents pane are turned off or
are not visible at the current map scale (indicated by a gray check mark).
 7. On the ribbon, click the View tab. In the Windows group, click Reset Panes and
click Reset Panes for Mapping (Default).

This ensures that the Contents and Catalog panes are open and that other panes are
closed.

Label suburbs
The basemap includes a reference layer that labels notable features. However, the Suburb
Boundaries layer has more information about the area and will allow you to control the
appearance of each suburb's label.

You'll label the Suburb Boundaries layer so the suburb names display on the map. Labels for
a layer are based on values in the layer's attribute table. Before you turn on labeling, you'll
remove the reference layer.

1. In the Contents pane, right-click the Light Gray Reference layer and
click Remove .

The default reference labels for the basemap are removed.

2. In the Contents pane, right-click the Surburb Boundaries layer and click Attribute
Table .

The attribute table appears. The Suburb field contains the values that will be used to
label the suburbs.

3. Close the attribute table.

4. In the Contents pane, right-click the Suburb Boundaries layer and click Label .

The suburbs are labeled with the names you saw in the table.
 5. Click the Labeling tab. In the Text Symbol group, expand the Text Symbol
Style gallery. Under Scheme 2, click the Landform/Physical Region style.

Depending on the size of your

application window, the gallery may be accessed from a Text Symbol button on the
ribbon.

The labels update to reflect the new style.

6. On the Labeling tab, in the Label Placement group, click Land Parcel.

Some of the labels disappear. The Land Parcel placement setting suppresses labels
that don't fit completely within their feature. This condition changes as you zoom in
and out on the map.

Note:

ArcGIS Pro has two labeling engines: the default Maplex Label Engine, which is used
in this map, and the Standard Label Engine. The Maplex Label Engine has more
advanced label placement settings than the Standard Label Engine. To change the
label engine setting, on the Labeling tab, in the Map group, click More and
uncheck Use Maplex Label Engine.

Learn more about labeling with the Maplex Label Engine and labeling with
the Standard Label Engine.

7. Zoom in and out and pan the map.

As you zoom in, more features are labeled. As you pan, the labels change position to
stay in view.

Set a visibility range for label display

Labels may be more helpful at some scales than others. As you zoom in, labels for regional
features grow less important and labels for local features become more important. By
choosing the right map scale for label display, you help the map reader focus on the most
important features of the map. You'll set a visibility range for the Suburb Boundaries labels
so they don't display at very large (close-up) map scales.

1. On the Labeling tab, in the Visibility Range group, click the input box next
to Maximum Scale . Type 1:7,000 in the box and press the Enter key.

2. On the ribbon, click the Map tab. In the Navigate group, click Bookmarks and
click Te Aro.

The map zooms in to the Te Aro neighborhood. Whether you see the labels depends
on whether the map scale is larger (closer) than 1:7,000. The map scale is displayed in
the lower left corner of the map view.

3. If necessary, on the Map tab, in the Navigate group, click Fixed Zoom In as
needed until the labels disappear.

When you zoom in closer than 1:10,000, the Building Footprints layer displays.

4. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Label historic buildings

City planners may be concerned about damage to historic buildings in the event of a flood.
The Building Footprints layer is already symbolized to show which buildings are historic.
You'll zoom in to a small area that lies within the flood risk zone and label the historic
buildings with their names. By default, all features in the layer are labeled. To label just the
historic buildings, you'll build an SQL query.

1. On the Map tab, in the Navigate group, click Bookmarks and click Historic
Buildings 1.
2. In the Contents pane, click the Building Footprints layer to select it. On the ribbon,
click the Labeling tab.
3. On the Labeling tab, in the Layer group, click Label .

The buildings are labeled. On the ribbon, in the Label Class group, you can see that
the labels come from the Name field of the layer attribute table.

Tip:

You can label a layer either from its context menu or from the ribbon.

4. In the Contents pane, right-click the Building Footprints layer and click Attribute
Table .
5. In the table, right-click the Historic field name heading and click Sort Descending
.
6. Scroll down through the table and look at some values in the Name field (not
the Historic field) for the historic buildings.

Most of the historic buildings have proper names. Others are called Building, House,
or Warehouse.

7. Close the attribute table.

8. In the Contents pane, right-click the Building Footprints layer and click Labeling
Properties .

The Label Class pane appears.

Note:

By default, labels are grouped in a label class. All labels in a class have the same
properties, such as text symbol and placement settings. A layer can have more than
 one label class. Additional label classes allow you to define different properties for
subsets of labels within a layer. To create a label class, on the Labeling tab, in
the Label Class group, click the Class drop-down arrow and click Create label class.
Alternatively, click Menu in the Label Class pane.

9. In the Label Class pane, confirm that the Class tab is selected at the top of the pane.
Under it, click the SQL query tab .

Queries are used to filter features and table records of interest. In this case, you'll use
the query to label only the historic buildings. Other buildings will not be labeled.

10. In the Label Class pane, click New expression.

The clause builder appears.

11. In the clause builder, click the drop-down arrow next to Where and click Historic.
Ensure the query condition is set to is equal to. Click the drop-down arrow in the
empty box and click Yes for the value.

If you don't
see the full text of the expression, you can widen the pane or hover over a parameter
to display it as a ScreenTip.

12. Click Apply at the bottom of the pane.

On the map, only the historic buildings (symbolized in purple) are labeled.

13. Take a Screenshot showing your profile info.

Change label placement settings

By default, all the historic buildings are labeled, even if labels are placed outside the features
they belong to. You'll change some label properties and placement settings to make the labels
easier to see and to make them fit within the buildings. Some of the labels will not display at
all scales.

1. In the Label Class pane, click the Position tab at the top of the pane.

Under Position, click the Position tab if necessary.

2. Expand Placement.
3. Change the Horizontal in polygon setting to Straight in polygon.

On the map, the labels are oriented to the longest axis of their features. They now fit
better within their features.
4. Uncheck the May place label outside polygon boundary check box.

Building labels are no longer placed completely outside their features. However,
labels are allowed to extend beyond the boundary of a feature. (You may not see any
changes in the area of the map you're zoomed to.)

5. On the ribbon, on the Labeling tab, in the Text Symbol group, change the text
symbol font size to 8 and the color to Arctic White (row 1, column 1 on the color
palette).
 Your results may look slightly different.

The white labels are easier to read. The smaller font size means that more labels fit
completely inside the buildings.

6. Pan around the neighborhood and look at other historic buildings.

Some buildings have long names and don't fit well within their features, even at this
large scale. You'll place some constraints on how far a label is allowed to extend
beyond the boundary of its feature.

7. Near the top of the Label Class pane, click the Fitting strategy tab .
8. Expand Overrun and change the Maximum overrun to 5 points. Press the Enter key.
9. Expand Reduce size and check the Reduce font size check box. Under Font size
reduction, change the Lower limit value to 7.5 pts and press the Enter key.
10. Under Font width compression, change the Lower limit value to 95 percent and
press the Enter key.
 The changes are applied to the map as you make them. Labels are now allowed to
overrun their feature boundaries by no more than 5 points. Font size and compression
will be adjusted slightly to make a label fit better. Labels will not be drawn if they
don't fit within a feature under these constraints.

11. On the ribbon, click the Map tab. In the Navigate group, click Bookmarks and
click Historic Buildings 2.

In this part of the neighborhood, you may see some historic buildings that aren't
labeled.

12. On the ribbon, click the Labeling tab. In the Map group, click View Unplaced .

Unplaced labels are drawn in red on the map.

13. Click View Unplaced again to turn off the display of unplaced labels.

The Maplex Label Engine has many fitting strategies to help you place labels within
features. Learn more about additional strategies for placing labels.

14. At the bottom of the map view, click the map scale drop-down arrow and
click 1:10,000. If the scale isn't present in the list, type 1:10,000 directly in the scale
box.

At this scale (the smallest scale at which the buildings are visible), your overrun
setting prevents most or all of the building labels from drawing. However, it's possible
that some labels are visible. You'll set a visibility range to make sure all the labels
turn off when you zoom out. You want the labels to draw at the scale of city blocks
but not at the scale of neighborhoods.

15. On the ribbon, click the Labeling tab. In the Visibility Range group, click the input
box next to Minimum Scale . Type 1:2,500 and press the Enter key.

Any visible building labels turn off. They will display only when your map scale is
1:2,500 or larger.

16. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Label civil defense centers

In the event of a flood, civil defense centers—typically schools or community centers—are
important emergency shelters. You'll label the civil defense centers in the Wellington area.

1. Click the Map tab and go the Te Aro bookmark.

The buildings should no longer be visible. If they are visible, click Fixed Zoom
Out as needed to zoom out to a scale beyond 1:10,000.

2. In the Contents pane, turn on the Civil Defence Centres layer.

3. On the map, click one of the red dots representing civil defense centers.

The Pop-up pane appears and displays the attributes of the feature you clicked. The
labels for the civil defense centers are based on the Site Name attribute.

4. Close the Pop-up pane.

5. In the Contents pane, right-click the Civil Defence Centres layer and click Label .

The labels display on the map, but they might look better with different symbology.

6. On the ribbon, click the Labeling tab. In the Text Symbol group, expand the Text
Symbol Style gallery. Under Scheme 2, click the Populated Place style.
7. In the Label Class pane, click the Position tab in the top row of tabs if necessary.
Click the Position tab under it and expand Placement.

Tip:

If the Label Class pane is not open, right-click the Civil Defence Centres layer in
the Contents pane and click Labeling Properties .

8. Change the placement from Best position to Bottom of point.

The label is placed under the feature.

9. Change the placement back to Best position.

The Best position placement usually puts the label above and slightly to the right of
the point. It uses other positions as needed to avoid conflicts with other labels or
features.

10. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Customize labels with Arcade
Optionally, you can add more information to the civil defense center labels with a label
expression. You'll use the Esri expression language, Arcade, to display the number of people
each center can hold and to customize the label's appearance.

1. Right-click the Civil Defence Centres layer and click Attribute Table .

The Capacity field contains the maximum number of people each center can hold.
For each civil defense center label, you'll add the word Capacity and the
corresponding value from the Capacity field.

2. Close the attribute table.

3. In the Label Class pane, click the Class tab. Click the Label expression tab under
it.
4. If necessary, click the Language drop-down arrow and click Arcade.

You will specify the text for the label in the Expression box. Since you have already
labeled the civil defense centers, the site names are included in the Arcade expression
as $feature.site_name. You'll add text and the Capacity field to the label as a
new line under the site names.

5. Copy the text below. In the Expression box, paste the text at the end of the existing
expression.

+ TextFormatting.NewLine + "Capacity: " + $feature.Capacity

TextFormatting.NewLine creates a line below the site name labels. "Capacity:
" is added as text on the new line and $feature.Capacity adds the capacity value
for each site.

6. At the bottom of the pane, click Apply. Optionally, pan the map to view labels in
other suburbs.
 The site name and capacity text both display with the same font size. To make the
civil defense center name stand out, you'll decrease the size of the capacity text. By
adding a font tag, you can specify the font and size of the text.

7. Copy the text below. In the Expression box, paste the text
after TextFormatting.NewLine + and before "Capacity: ".

"<FNT name= 'Arial' size= '9'>" +

8. In the Expression box, at the end of the expression, type (or copy and paste) the
closing font tag.

+ "</FNT>"
Everything between the opening and closing font tags will display with Arial font and
size 9 text.

9. Click Apply.
10. Take a screenshot showing your profile info.
11. On the ribbon, on the Labeling tab, in the Map group, click the More drop-down
arrow and click Summary .
 The Labeling Summary dialog box appears. For each label class in the map, settings
such as scale ranges, SQL queries, advanced expressions, and fonts are reported. Any
issues that prevent labels from displaying properly or that affect label drawing
performance are reported in red text. (In this case, there are no problems.)

Learn more about the labeling summary

12. Click Close on the Labeling Summary dialog box.

13. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .
Assignment 1.2
Open the project
In this project, you'll make a map of average yearly solar radiation for buildings in central
Wellington, New Zealand. The map is designed to help businesses and homeowners decide
whether to invest in solar energy heating technology.

1. Start ArcGIS Pro and sign in if necessary.

2. On the start page, next to the list of recent projects, click Open another project.

Note:

If you already have a project open, click the Project tab on the ribbon. In the list of
side tabs, click Open. On the Open page, click Open another project at the top
of the page.

3. On the Open Project dialog box, under Portal , click ArcGIS Online .
4. At the top of the dialog box, in the Search box, type Make a layout and press
the Enter key.
5. In the list of search results, click Make a layout to select the project package.
6. Click OK.

The project opens with an active map view showing buildings in central Wellington,
New Zealand. This will be the main map in your layout.

Buildings are symbolized by the average yearly solar radiation they get. Dark-orange
buildings get the most sun exposure; yellow buildings get the latest. Solar radiation
values are expressed in kilowatt-hours of potential electricity per square meter of
rooftop.
 7. On the ribbon, click the View tab. In the Windows group, click Reset Panes and
click Reset Panes for Mapping (Default).

This ensures that the Contents and Catalog panes are open and that other panes are
closed.

8. Make the Region map view active by clicking its tab, located directly above the view.

The Region map contains an imagery basemap of Wellington and the surrounding
area. You'll use it later in the Assignment to add a small overview map to your
layout.

9. Click the Layout Portrait view to make it the active view.

A layout based on the Central Wellington map opens. The layout includes the main
map, a circular overview map, a title, and many other elements. An ArcGIS
Pro project can contain multiple maps and multiple layouts. You'll make a second
layout similar to this one but with a landscape orientation.

Insert a layout
The first step in making a page layout is to insert a blank layout.

1. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab if necessary. In the Project group, click New
Layout to show page size and orientation options.
2. Under ANSI - Landscape, click Letter.

A new, blank layout view opens.

3. In the Contents pane, under Drawing Order, right-click Layout and

click Properties.
4. On the Layout Properties dialog box, click the General tab. Change the name
from Layout to Layout Landscape and click OK.

The name change is reflected in the Contents pane and on the view tab above the
ruler.

5. Right-click the top ruler and click Add Multiple Guides.

Guides are nonprinting lines that help you align elements on the layout.

6. On the Add Guides dialog box, under Orientation, click Both.

7. Click the Placement drop-down arrow and click Offset from edge.
8. Replace the value in the Margin box with 0.25 in. Click OK.

Guides are added to the layout at one-quarter inch from each margin.

9. Right-click the top ruler and click Add Multiple Guides again.
10. On the Add Guides dialog box, for Orientation, click Horizontal. For Placement,
click Offset from edge. Change the Margin value to 1 in. Click OK.
11. Right-click the top ruler again and click Add Guide (not Add Multiple Guides).

A single vertical guide is added at the position you clicked.

12. On the ruler, place the mouse pointer at the location of the guide you just added. Drag
the guide to the 8.00 inch mark.

A blue triangle indicates that the guide is selected. As you drag the guide, a ScreenTip
displays the decimal equivalent of the ruler marks.
 13. Right-click the top ruler again and click Add Guide. Drag this guide to the 8.25 inch
mark.

Tip:

To move an existing guide, drag it from its current position on the ruler. To delete a
guide, hover over the ruler at the location of the guide. Right-click the blue triangle
that appears and click Remove Guide.

14. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Insert a map frame

Now you'll add the Central Wellington map to the layout.

1. On the ribbon, on the Insert tab, in the Map Frames group, click the Map
Frame drop-down arrow. Under Central Wellington, click the thumbnail image of
the Central Wellington map.
2. Use your mouse to draw a large rectangle on the layout.

The map frame is added to the layout. It is currently selected, as indicated by selection
handles. On the ribbon, the Map Frame tab appears.

Note:

You can add map frames and other layout elements, such as scale bars, north arrows,
legends, and text, to the layout with a single click or by drawing a rectangle.

3. On the layout, drag the map frame to align its left edge with the vertical guide
at 0.25 inches.

Tip:

Click Snapping at the bottom of the layout view to turn snapping on and off.
When snapping is on (the default), you can snap to guides as well as to other elements
on the layout. See Set up your layout to learn more about rulers, guides, and snapping.

4. Use the selection handles to resize the map frame. Align its top and bottom edges to
the horizontal guides at 7.5 and 1 inches. Drag its right edge to the vertical guide
at 8 inches.

Resizing the map frame changes the scale and extent of the map, so you may want to
make adjustments. To work with the map as a map—rather than as a layout element—
you activate the map frame.
5. On the ribbon, click the Layout tab. In the Map group, click Activate .

The layout page turns gray. On the ribbon, the layout tools are replaced by map tools.

6. On the ribbon, click the Map tab if necessary. In the Navigate group, confirm that
the Explore tool is selected. Pan and zoom the map to an extent that you like.

Tip:

Use the map scale box in the lower left corner of the layout view to set an exact map
scale. You can choose a scale from the drop-down list or type a value directly in the
scale box.

7. On the ribbon, click the Layout tab. In the Map group, click Close Activation .

Tip:

You can also close the activated map frame from the layout view by clicking
either Close activated map frame button: or .
Insert map surrounds
You'll add a legend, north arrow, and scale bar to the layout. The legend explains the map's
symbology. The north arrow and scale bar provide geographic context.

1. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab. In the Map Surrounds group, click
the Legend drop-down arrow and click Legend 6.

Each legend style formats the legend elements differently.

2. Draw a rectangle between the vertical guides at 8.25 and 10.75 inches.

You'll change the default style to give the Parks layer a heading equivalent to the
Buildings layer. You'll also remove the legend title.

3. In the Contents pane, under Layout Landscape, expand the Legend element. Right-
click Parks and click Properties .
 The Element pane appears.

Tip:

The Element pane allows you to work with the properties of individual legend items
(represented in the Contents pane by the Legend Item symbol ). To work with the
properties of the legend as a whole, right-click the Legend heading (represented in
the Contents pane by the Legend symbol ) and click Properties. Alternatively,
right-click the selected legend on the layout.

4. In the Element pane, under Show, check the Layer name check box. Uncheck
the Label (or layer name) check box.

On the layout, the Parks layer name now appears above its symbol in a bold font and
larger size.

5. In the Contents pane, click Legend .

The Element pane updates to show properties of the legend.

6. In the Element pane, under Legend, uncheck the Show check box next to Title.
 This hides the legend title.

7. Close the Element pane.

8. On the layout, drag the legend so that its rectangle snaps to the horizontal guide
at 7.5 inches.
9. If necessary, resize the legend rectangle by dragging its bottom edge so that the
rectangle fits the legend element closely.
10. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab if necessary. In the Map Surrounds group, click
the North Arrow drop-down arrow and click ArcGIS North 1 or a north arrow
you like.
11. In the lower left corner of the layout, click to place a north arrow on the layout.
12. Drag the north arrow to the lower left corner of the layout until it snaps to the quarter-
inch guides.

Tip:

If you accidentally resize an element when you intend to move it, click Undo on
the Quick Access Toolbar.

13. On the Insert tab, in the Map Surrounds group, click the Scale Bar drop-down
arrow . From the list of scale bars, under Metric, click Scale Line 1 Metric.
14. At the bottom of the layout, click to place the scale bar on the layout.
15. Snap the scale bar to the horizontal guide at 0.25 inches. Center it relative to the map
frame or put it in a place that looks good to you.

Note:

As you move or resize layout elements, dashed blue horizontal and vertical lines
appear. These are smart guides, which help you align the selected element with other
layout elements and with the layout page.

16. If necessary, resize the scale bar so that its maximum value is 1 kilometer.
17. Click an empty area of the layout to deselect the scale bar.
 18. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Insert text
You'll add a map title and descriptive text.

1. On the Insert tab, in the Graphics and Text group, in the Graphics and
Text gallery, click the Rectangle text tool . On the layout, above the map frame,
draw a rectangle for your map title.

When you release the mouse button, the word Text appears inside an outline of the
box. The text is highlighted so you can edit it.

2. Type the following text: Solar Radiation for Buildings in Central

Wellington.
3. When you're finished, click an empty area on the layout.

The text element is now selected on the layout.

4. On the ribbon, click the Text tab. In the Text Symbol group, change the text symbol
font size to 22 pt. Change the text symbol font style to Bold.
5. Align the title with the vertical guide at 0.25 inches and the horizontal guide
at 8.25 inches.
6. If necessary, widen the text element to see the full title.

Tip:

If a text element contains text that isn't displayed, an overflow icon appears next to
the element.

7. Click an empty area on the layout to deselect the title.

Next, you'll add a short description to help readers understand the map.

8. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab if necessary. In the Graphics and Text gallery,
click the Rectangle text tool . On the layout, draw a box under the legend.
9. Type or copy and paste the following text in the text rectangle: Average annual
solar energy potential values for rooftops in kilowatt-hours
per square meter. Dark orange colours indicate higher-yielding
locations for installing solar panels or water heating. Three-
dimensional roof information was used where available; other
roof structures were assumed to be flat at an estimated
height. Trees were omitted from the analysis.
10. Click an empty area on the layout to select the text element.
11. On the ribbon, click the Text tab. In the Text Symbol group, change the text symbol
font size to 8 pt. Change the text color to Gray 50%.
12. Align the left edge of the text element with the vertical guide at 8.25 inches. Align the
right edge with the vertical guide at 10.75 inches.
13. Resize the text rectangle so that it fits the paragraph closely.
14. Click an empty area on the layout to deselect the text.

Note:

If spell-checking is enabled, unrecognized words are marked with wavy underlines.

For example, you may see the word colours marked as an error. These graphical
 marks do not appear when the map is printed or exported as a file. Learn how to check
spelling in a layout.

15. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Insert dynamic text

In addition to static text, which doesn't change, you can insert dynamic text. Dynamic text is
linked to properties of the map or your computer's operating system and updates
automatically when those properties change. For example, dynamic text can reflect the last
time the map was saved or printed.

1. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab if necessary. In the Graphics and Text group,
click the Dynamic Text drop-down arrow . Under Map Frame, click Credits.

2. Click below the map description to add the dynamic text.

3. Align it with the vertical guide at 8.25 inches.

In the text element, the words Wellington City Council are dynamic. This
information is a map property of the Central Wellington map and is automatically
updated on the layout if the property is changed.

Tip:

To see the credits, make the Central Wellington map view active. In
the Contents pane, right-click the map name and click Properties . On the Map
Properties dialog box, click the Metadata tab and look for the Credits box.
4. In the layout view, right-click the selected dynamic text element and
click Properties .

The Element pane appears. On the Text tab, on the Options tab , under Text,
the Tag View button is selected by default. Dynamic text is displayed as a tag;
other text is static and can be edited.

To see how dynamic text is formatted, hover over the tag or click Text View .

5. In the text box, click in front of the word Credits (the static text, not the tag).
Type Map authored by: and then type your name. Press the Enter key to make a
line break.

6. At the top of the Element pane, click the Text Symbol tab. On the General tab ,
expand Appearance.
7. Change the Size setting to 8 pt and the Color setting to Gray 50% (row 6, column 1
on the color palette). Click Apply.
 Tip:

You can make the same changes using the contextual Text tab on the ribbon.

8. Close the Element pane.

9. Click an empty area on the layout to deselect the text.
10. Take a screenshot showing your profile info.
11. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Add an overview map and extent rectangle

To show central Wellington in a larger geographic context, you'll create an overview map.

1. On the Insert tab, in the Map Frames group, click Map Frame . Under Region,
click the thumbnail image of the Region map.

2. Draw a small rectangle for the map frame on top of the existing map frame.

The map frame is added to the layout. In the Contents pane, there are now two map
frames: Map Frame 1 and Map Frame. It will be easier to tell them apart if you
rename them.

3. In the Contents pane, with Map Frame 1 selected, click the name Map Frame 1 to
make it editable. Type Overview Map and press the Enter key.
4. In the Contents pane, click Map Frame to select it and click again to make its name
editable. Type Main Map and press the Enter key.

Now you'll reshape the overview map.

5. In the Contents pane, click Overview Map to select it.

6. On the ribbon, click the Map Frame tab. In the Edit group, click the Reshape drop-
down arrow and click Circle .
7. On the layout, on the overview map, hover over the city of Wellington.
8. Drag to draw a circle over the map frame.
 Depending on the size of
your map frame, your map may look different.

The overview map frame is reshaped to a circle.

9. Drag the overview map to the upper right corner of the main map. Use the selection
handles to resize the overview map so it looks good to you.

The map shows Wellington in a larger context, but it doesn't indicate the specific area
covered by the main map. You'll add an extent rectangle to show this.

10. On the ribbon, click the Insert tab. In the Map Frames group, click Extent
Indicator and click Main Map.

An extent indicator appears on the overview map. An item named Extent of Main
Map is added to the Contents pane and is selected.

11. On the ribbon, click the Map Frame tab.

12. In the Symbol group, make the following changes:
o Set Fill to No Color.
 o Set Stroke to a bright yellow color such as Solar Yellow (row 3, column 5 on
the color palette).
o Set Width to 2 pt.

Now you'll adjust the scale and extent of the overview map.

13. On the ribbon, click the Layout tab. In the Map group, click Activate . Zoom or
pan the overview map to an extent you like.

Tip:

Use Fixed Zoom In and Fixed Zoom Out on the ribbon, or set a value in the
scale box at the bottom of the layout view.

14. On the ribbon, click the Layout tab. In the Map group, click Close Activation .

You'll give the overview map a lighter border to set it off from the surrounding black
space.

15. In the Contents pane, click Overview Map to select it.

16. On the ribbon, click the Map Frame tab. In the Current Selection group, click the
drop-down arrow and click Border.
17. In the Border group, change the Stroke color to Gray 50% (row 6, column 1 on the
color palette) and the stroke width to 1.5 pt.

The map frame border is updated on the overview map.

18. Click an empty area on the layout to deselect the overview map.

Finally, you'll adjust the alignment of the elements in your layout.

19. Press and hold the Shift key. On the layout, select the legend and the two blocks of
text.

All three elements appear with selection handles.

20. Right-click any of the selected elements, point to Distribute , and click Distribute
Vertically .

The vertical spacing between the elements is equalized. The effect will be best if the
legend and text rectangles don't include empty space at the bottom. You may want to
resize these elements and try again.

21. Click an empty area on the layout to deselect the elements.

 22. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .
23. Take a screenshot showing your profile info.

Export the layout

Now that the layout is finished, you can print it or export it to a file that can be easily shared.
You'll export the layout as a .jpeg file.

1. On the ribbon, click the Share tab. In the Output group, click the Export
Layout drop-down arrow and click Web JPEG .

The Export Layout pane appears.

2. In the Name box, accept the default output location (the project's home folder) and
file name. Alternatively, click Browse and browse to the location where you want
to save the file.
3. Accept the other default JPEG settings. At the bottom of the pane, click Export.

Tip:

If you change any of the settings and want to reuse them for exporting other layouts,
click Save Preset. Once the settings are saved, they appear in the gallery of layout
export options.

4. When the export is completed, click View exported file at the bottom of the pane.
 The file opens in your default image viewing application. If you want to print the
layout, on the Share tab, in the Output group, click Print Layout . You may need
to change some printer settings, such as the page orientation, before you send the
layout to the printer.

In this Assignment, you used several layout elements. There are others, such as tables,
charts, and grids and graticules, to try on your own. Each element you insert into your layout
has its own design and formatting options.

This layout served a specific purpose—to show the solar energy potential for buildings in
downtown Wellington. A layout may also have a broader purpose. It can be used as a
template to generate a map series: a collection of maps with a consistent design that represent
different parts of a large geographic area, such as the regions of New Zealand. Learn more
about creating a map series.
Assignment 1.3
Open the project
In this project, you'll make a map of bus stops, bus routes, and population density in
Christchurch, New Zealand.

1. Start ArcGIS Pro and sign in if necessary.

2. On the start page, next to the list of recent projects, click Open another project.
3. On the Open Project dialog box, under Portal , click ArcGIS Online .
4. At the top of the dialog box, in the Search box, type Symbolize map layers and
press the Enter key.
5. In the list of search results, click Symbolize map layers to select the project package.
6. Click OK.

The project opens with a map view of New Zealand. You'll zoom in to the study area
of Christchurch. With a population of about 400,000, Christchurch is the second-
largest city in New Zealand.

7. On the ribbon, click the Map tab if necessary. In the Navigate group,
click Bookmarks and click Christchurch Urban Area.

The map zooms in to the urban area. The Urban Area layer is symbolized with a light-
green fill color and a black outline.
Symbolize the urban area
The purpose of the Urban Area layer is to define the study area boundary. The solid fill,
however, obscures the basemap. You'll change the symbol to make the interior area hollow.
You'll also give the boundary a softer, shaded appearance.

1. On the ribbon, click the View tab. In the Windows group, click Reset Panes and
click Reset Panes for Mapping (Default).

This ensures that the Contents and Catalog panes are open and that other panes are
closed.

2. In the Contents pane, click the Urban Area layer to select it.
3. On the ribbon, click the Feature Layer tab. In the Drawing group,
click Symbology .

Note:

The Symbology button is a split button. Click the top half of the button (the icon)
unless otherwise noted.

The Symbology pane appears. At the top of the pane, the Primary symbology tab is
selected . The primary symbology method is Single Symbol, which means that all
features in the layer are drawn with the same symbol. (In this case, the layer only has
one feature.)

4. In the Symbology pane, next to Symbol, click the symbol (a light green rectangle
with a black outline).

The pane changes to show symbol formatting options.

5. At the top of the pane, click the Gallery tab if necessary.

6. Next to the search box, click the All styles drop-down arrow and click Project styles.

The Project styles setting includes the styles added by default to your ArcGIS
Pro project, as well as any styles you add yourself. The All styles setting includes all
system styles installed with ArcGIS Pro. Choosing Project styles narrows the scope
of symbol searches.

7. In the search box, type extent transparent and press the Enter key.

In the ArcGIS 2D style, several symbols are available with different colors and
outlines. You can hover over the symbols to get more information.

8. Click the Extent Transparent Gray symbol to select it.

 Your
symbols may be arranged differently.

The symbology for the Urban Area layer updates on the map and in
the Contents pane. You can see through the symbol to the basemap underneath. This
is a good start, but your goal is to create the effect of a shaded boundary with a
transparent interior.

Left: The urban area is symbolized with a partly transparent gray fill. Right: The
desired effect is a shaded boundary with a fully transparent interior.

9. At the top of the Symbology pane, click the Properties tab.

 The Properties tab has three graphical tabs under it. On the Symbol tab , you can
change symbol properties such as fill color, outline color, and outline width.

10. Click the Layers tab .

On this tab, you can change properties of the graphical elements, or symbol layers,
that the symbol is composed of. This gives you more control over the symbol's
appearance. This symbol is composed of two symbol layers: a stroke and a fill.

11. Click the Structure tab .

On this tab, you can change the symbol's structure by adding and removing symbol
layers. You can also apply effects. In this case, you'll add a donut effect to the fill
layer. The donut effect restricts the gray fill to a ring at the edge of the polygon. The
interior is transparent, like the hole in a donut.

12. On the Structure tab, under Layers, under the gray fill symbol layer, click Add
effect. On the drop-down menu, click Donut.

The effect is previewed in the window at the bottom of the pane. Now that you have
applied the effect, you'll specify its width on the Layers tab.
13. Click the Layers tab .
14. Click the Solid fill symbol layer to work with its properties. Expand the Donut
effect heading and change the Width setting to 6 pt.

The symbol preview is updated at the bottom of the pane.

15. Click Apply.

The new symbology is applied to the map.

16. In the Contents pane, turn on the Bus Stops and Bus Routes layers.

You'll change the symbology for both layers in the next sections. First, you'll choose a
more neutral basemap.

17. On the ribbon, click the Map tab. In the Layer group, click Basemap and
click Light Gray Canvas.

The light gray canvas basemap includes two layers: the Light Gray Base layer at the
bottom of the Contents pane and the Light Gray Reference layer at the top. For this
map, you don't need the reference layer.

Note:

The contents of your basemap gallery may be different. If you don't see Light Gray
Canvas, use a similar basemap, such as World Light Gray Canvas.

18. In the Contents pane, right-click the Light Gray Reference layer and
click Remove .
 Before continuing, you'll save your changes.

19. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Symbolize the bus stops

The current symbol for the Bus Stops layer is a small dark circle. You'll replace it with a
symbol that represents bus stops more intuitively.

1. In the Contents pane, click the Bus Stops layer to select it.
2. In the Symbology pane, next to Symbol, click the symbol.

The pane presents formatting options for point symbols.

Tip:

If you previously closed the Symbology pane, you can open the pane directly to
symbol formatting options by clicking the symbol for the Bus Stops layer in
the Contents pane.

3. At the top of the pane, click the Gallery tab.

4. In the search box, type bus and press the Enter key.
 In the ArcGIS 2D style, symbols for bus stations are found. These symbols are
suitable for bus stops too.

5. Click the smallest bus station symbol to select it.

The map and Contents pane update with the new symbol. You'll change the symbol
properties.

6. In the Symbology pane, click the Properties tab and click the Symbol tab under
it.
7. Under Appearance, click the Color drop-down arrow. On the color palette,
click Cabernet (last row, last column).

Tip:

When you hover over a color square, its name appears.

8. Change the size to 8 pt and press the Enter key. Click Apply.

9. At the bottom of the Symbology pane, under the symbol preview, click the drop-
down arrow and change the magnification setting to Zoom to fit.
 The symbol preview shows that the Cabernet color is applied to the bus icon but not
to the outline.

10. Click the Layers tab .

The Bus Station symbol is composed of two marker symbol layers: the bus icon and a
white circle with a gray outline.

11. Click the white circle symbol layer to select it.

12. Under Appearance, click the Outline color drop-down arrow and
click Cabernet (last row, last column).

In the preview window, the icon and the outline are now the same color.

13. Click Apply.

The symbol is updated on the map and in the Contents pane. At the current map
scale, the symbols clutter the map. You'll set a visibility range for the layer so the
symbols display only when the map zooms in.

14. In the Contents pane, select the Bus Stops layer if necessary.
15. On the ribbon, click the Feature Layer tab. In the Visibility Range group, click the
drop-down arrow next to Minimum Scale and click 1:24,000. (If this value doesn't
appear in the list, you can type it in the box.)

The symbols disappear from the map. In the Contents pane, the layer's check mark is
gray. This means that the layer is turned on but not visible at the current map scale.

16. In the Contents pane, right-click the Bus Stops layer and click Zoom To Make
Visible .
 The map zooms in to a scale of 1:24,000 and the bus stops display.

17. On the ribbon, click the Map tab. In the Navigate group, click Previous Extent to
return to the full urban area.
18. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Symbolize the bus routes

The bus routes are currently drawn with a single symbol. The attribute table for the layer
contains attributes such as route names, route directions, and route types that can be used to
symbolize the features in more meaningful ways.

1. In the Contents pane, click the Bus Routes layer to select it.
2. Right-click the selected layer and click Attribute Table .

The attribute table opens. You'll symbolize the routes according to their values in
the Type field.

3. Right-click the Type field and click Visualize Statistics .

A chart is created showing the four route types.

o City connectors connect suburbs to the city.

o Suburban links connect suburbs to each other.
o Metro lines follow major roads.
o Ferries connect the suburb of Lyttelton to Diamond Harbour.
 You'll represent each route type with a different color.

4. Close the Counts by Type chart, the Bus Routes attribute table, and the Chart
Properties pane.
5. In the Symbology pane, click the Primary symbology drop-down arrow and
click Unique Values.
6. Click the Field 1 drop-down arrow and click Type.

In the lower half of the pane, on the Classes tab, symbols are assigned to the unique
values in the Type field. The map and the Contents pane are updated.

Your symbol colors may be

different.

There is also a gray symbol representing all other values. You don't need this symbol
for this layer.

7. In the Symbology pane, on the Classes tab in the lower half of the pane,
click More and uncheck Show all other values.

The <all other values> symbol is removed.

Tip:

The <all other values> symbol is used for features that you want to display but don't
need to differentiate. For example, suppose that Metro Line routes are the focus of
your map and the other routes are background information. You can remove the other
route types on the Classes tab by right-clicking them and clicking Remove . The
features for the removed routes still draw on the map but are symbolized with the <all
other values> symbol. See Unique values for more information.

8. Click More again and click Format all symbols.

9. At the top of the pane, click the Gallery tab. In the search box, type minor road and
press the Enter key.
10. In the ArcGIS 2D style, click the Minor Road symbol with the black outline.

You'll apply a color scheme to the new symbol.

11. At the top of the Symbology pane, click Return to primary symbology page .
12. On the Primary symbology tab , click the Color scheme drop-down arrow. At the
bottom of the list of color schemes, check the Show names check box.

Tip:

You can also hover over a color scheme to see its name.

13. Click the Dark 2 (4 classes) scheme.

You'll change the Ferry symbol because ferry routes are conventionally symbolized
with dashed lines.

14. In the lower half of the pane, click the line symbol for Ferry to show the symbol
gallery.
15. In the search box, type ferry and press the Enter key. In the ArcGIS 2D style, click
the Ferry symbol.
 On this map, the ferry symbol would look better if it were darker.

16. At the top of the pane, click the Properties tab. On the Symbol tab ,
under Appearance, click the Color drop-down arrow and click Dark Navy.
Click Apply.

The symbol updates in the Contents pane and on the map.

The bus route symbology can be further improved. You'll use symbol layer drawing
for more control over the symbology at road crossings and overlaps.
 Left: Suburban Link routes cross each other. You'll remove the road casings (black
outlines) at the intersections. Right: A blue Metro Line and a red Suburban Link share
the same route, and a Suburban Link crosses a City Connector. You'll specify which
features in the layer draw on top of which others.

17. At the top of the Symbology pane, click Return to primary symbology page .
18. At the top of the pane, click the Symbol layer drawing tab .
19. Click Enable symbol layer drawing.

20. On the Basic tab, drag Metro Line to the top of the Drawing Order list.
21. Drag Ferry to the bottom of the list.

The map updates as you change the drawing order. Metro Line features now draw on
top of other bus routes, which means that a metro line is never visually interrupted by
another route. Likewise, City Connector features draw on top of Suburban Link
features.

Note:

Symbol drawing order is independent of the order of symbol classes in

the Contents pane. In the Contents pane, the symbol classes, representing the four
 unique route types, are still in their default alphabetical order. You can change this
order by dragging symbol classes up and down on the Primary symbology tab .

In the Symbology pane, notice that three of the routes are set to Join. This setting
removes road casings where features of the same route type intersect. You'll change
the setting to Join and Merge to remove road casings at intersections between
different route types.

Left: The Join setting removes road casings where features of the same route type
intersect. Right: The Join and Merge setting also removes road casings where
features of different route types intersect. (The casings are not actually removed—
they are drawn over.)

22. Click the drop-down arrow next to City Connector and click Join and Merge. Click
the drop-down arrow next to Suburban Link and click Join and Merge.

The map updates to reflect the settings.

Note:

The Join and Merge setting affects the drawing behavior of a symbol in relation to
the symbol above it. There is no Join and Merge setting for the Metro Line symbol
because it is at the top of the drawing order. Both the Join and Join and
Merge settings affect the drawing relationship of a symbol's component symbol
layers (in this case, the two stroke layers, representing roads and casings, that make
up the bus route symbols). The only available setting for the Ferry symbol is No
Join because this symbol is composed of a single stroke layer. For more information,
see Symbol layer drawing.

23. Zoom the map to a larger scale, such as 1:50,000, for a better look. Pan to different
parts of the urban area.
24. Take a screenshot showing your profile info.

Tip:

To zoom to an exact scale, type a value in the scale box at the bottom of the map view
or choose a value from the drop-down list.
 Note:

You don't see a close-up view of the effect because symbol and text sizes, by default,
remain the same on your map as you zoom in and out. To make symbols increase or
decrease in size as you zoom, you can set a map reference scale.

25. When you're finished, zoom to the Christchurch Urban Area bookmark.
26. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

Symbolize population
Finally, you'll symbolize the population in the Christchurch urban area to visualize the
relationship between bus routes and population.

1. In the Contents pane, turn on the Population layer.

A dense layer of points covers the urban area. Each point is the center of a meshblock.
A meshblock, like a United States census block, is a small area for which census data
is collected. In this layer, each point stores the population of its meshblock.

2. On the map, click a population point.

The Pop-up pane shows the population for the meshblock associated with the point.
By drawing the layer as a heat map, you can see where population is concentrated.

3. Close the Pop-up pane.

4. In the Contents pane, click the Population layer to select it if necessary.
5. Make the Symbology pane active. At the top of the pane, click the Primary
symbology tab . Click the Primary symbology drop-down arrow and click Heat
Map.
 The heat map appears. At the moment, it represents the density of the points, not their
population values.

6. In the Symbology pane, click the Weight field drop-down arrow and click Pop 2013.

The heat map now represents population density. Yellow areas are high density, red
and purple are in the middle, and blue areas are low density. You'll set the heat map to
update dynamically when you zoom in and out on the map. You'll also increase the
variation in the map by changing the Radius setting.

7. Click the Method drop-down arrow and click Dynamic.

8. Change the Radius to 15 and press the Enter key.

The larger the radius value, the more generalized the pattern. You can experiment
with different settings—no value is right or wrong.

9. In the Contents pane, drag the Population layer under the Bus Routes layer. Ensure
that the Population layer is still selected in the Contents pane.
10. On the ribbon, click the Feature Layer tab. In the Effects group, in
the Transparency box , type 65 and press the Enter key.
11. Take a screenshot showing your profile info.
12. In the Visibility Range group, click the drop-down arrow next to Maximum
Scale and click 1:50,000 to set the maximum display scale for the heat map.

At scales larger than 1:50,000, the pattern is too local and the heat map looks bubbly.

13. Zoom and pan to explore the map.

The bus routes correspond well to the populated parts of the urban area.
 14. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Save Project .

In this Assignment, you used different primary symbology methods—Single Symbol, Unique
Values, and Heat Map—to draw the layers in your map. You also worked with symbol layers
and structure to enhance the primary symbology in many ways. There are more primary
symbology methods to explore and many more ways to customize symbols for your maps.