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Diffie-Hellman Key - PDF 3

The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange is a cryptographic protocol introduced in 1976 for securely exchanging encryption keys over insecure channels. It involves parties selecting private keys, computing public values, and exchanging them to derive a shared key, ensuring secure communication. Its security relies on the complexity of the discrete logarithm problem, making it a fundamental component of modern cryptography with applications in TLS, VPNs, and SSH.

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14 views11 pages

Diffie-Hellman Key - PDF 3

The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange is a cryptographic protocol introduced in 1976 for securely exchanging encryption keys over insecure channels. It involves parties selecting private keys, computing public values, and exchanging them to derive a shared key, ensuring secure communication. Its security relies on the complexity of the discrete logarithm problem, making it a fundamental component of modern cryptography with applications in TLS, VPNs, and SSH.

Uploaded by

hanadi2001111
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Diffie-hellman key

1 ‫‏‬. Maha Saleh Al-Ghamdi - 446050370


2 ‫‏‬. Hanadi Khalaf Al-Omari - 446050601
3 ‫‏‬. Latifah Abdul Rahim Al-Yazidi -446050847

Supervised by: Dr. Nizar Hassan Mohammed Al Sharif


Introduction

Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange: A cryptographic protocol for securely exchanging


encryption keys over insecure channels.
Introduced in 1976 by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman.
Uses symmetric encryption to secure communication.
Based on complex mathematical operations, making decryption without private keys
nearly impossible.
A cornerstone in modern cryptography, enabling secure communication in various
applications.
1
Steps of the diffie-hellman process

1 2 3 4 5
Each party selects a Compute public values: Exchange public values
Agree on public values Compute the shared key
private key (a for Alice 1 Alice A = g^a mod p (A and B)
P and g -Alice K = B^a mod p
, b for Bob) 2 Bob B = g^b mod p -Bob K = A^b mod p

2
Practical example
Alice and Bob agree on p= 23 and g= 5
• Alice’s private key: a=6
Alice computes: A=5^6 mod 23=8
• Bob’s private key: B=15 shred key public value private value Party

Bob computes: 5^15 mod 23 =19


• Exchange public values: K=2 A=8 a=6 Alice

• Alice sends 8 to Bob. K=2 B=19 b=15 Bob

• Bob sends 19 to Alice.


• Compute the shared key:
• Alice computes K= 19^6 mod 23=2
• Bob computes K= 8^15 mod 23=2

Shared key: K=2 3


Illustration of the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
Process

Alice and Bob choose private keys,


exchange public values, and compute the
same shared key for secure
communication.

4
Cryptool application
Importance of CrypTool:
CrypTool simplifies understanding by simulating the Diffie-Hellman key exchange, making
the process easier to grasp.

5
Cryptool application
We will enter the values p, g, a, b and the result K will
appear the same for both sides

6
Real World applications

TLS VPNs SSH


protects data • Ensures secure remote
Secure web traffic transmission between access to servers
endpoints.

7
Why is diffie-hellman secure
security principle
The security of Diffie-Hellman relies on the difficulty of
solving the discrete logarithm problem.

Key advantag
Without the private keys, the public data alone
cannot be used to compute the shared key.

Mathematical complexity
This ensures that it is infeasible for external
parties to decrypt the communication.

8
Conclusion

The Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange is a


cornerstone of modern cryptography.
• It provides a secure way to exchange keys
over insecure channels.
• Its simplicity, security, and wide range of
applications make it essential for protecting
digital communications.

9
Thank you!

10

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