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7MODSIM

Simulation is the imitation of real-world processes used for studying and experimenting with complex systems before making changes or building new systems. It has advantages such as testing new policies and hardware designs, while disadvantages include the need for specialized training and potential difficulty in interpreting results. Various types of simulation models exist, including static, dynamic, deterministic, and stochastic, and a structured approach is followed in simulation studies from problem formulation to documentation.

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12 views3 pages

7MODSIM

Simulation is the imitation of real-world processes used for studying and experimenting with complex systems before making changes or building new systems. It has advantages such as testing new policies and hardware designs, while disadvantages include the need for specialized training and potential difficulty in interpreting results. Various types of simulation models exist, including static, dynamic, deterministic, and stochastic, and a structured approach is followed in simulation studies from problem formulation to documentation.

Uploaded by

ssanchez22-0643
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SIMULATION

 Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process.


 Simulation is general is to pretend that one deals with a real thing.
 Simulation is used before and existing system is altered or a new system built.
 Simulation enables the study of, and experimentation with, the internal interactions of a
complex system.

ADVANTAGES OF SIMULATION
1. New policies, operating procedures, decision rules, information flows, organizational
procedures.
2. New hardware designs, physical layouts, transportation systems.
3. Hypotheses about how or why certain phenomena occur can be tested for feasibility.
4. Time can be compressed or expanded to allow for a speed-up or slow-down of the phenomena
under investigation.
5. Insight can be obtained about the interaction of variables.
6. Insight can be obtained about the importance of variables.
7. Bottleneck analysis can be performed to discover where work in process, information, materials.
8. A simulation study can help in understanding how the system operates.
9. “What if” questions can be answered. This is particularly useful in the design of new systems.

DESADVANTAGES OF SIMULATON
1. Model building requires special training.
2. Simulation results can be difficult to interpret.
3. Simulation modeling and analysis can be time consuming and expensive.
4. Simulation is used in some cases when an analytical solution is possible.

AREANS OF APPLICATION
 Manufacturing Applications
 Wafer Fabrication
 Business Processing
 Construction Engineering and Project Management
 Logistics, Transportation, and Distribution
 Military Applications
 Health Care

SYSTEM AND SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT OR THEIR COMPONENTS


 System – defined as a group of object that are joined together in some regular interaction or
interdependence toward the accomplishment of some purpose.
 System Environment – changes occurring outside the system
 Entity – is an object of interest in the system.
 Attribute - is a property of an entity.
 Activity - represents a time period of specified length.
 State of a system – is defined to be that collection of variables necessary to describe the system
at any time, relative to the objectives of the study.
 Event - is defined as an instantaneous occurrence that might change the state of the system.

DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS SYSTEM


 A discrete system is one in which the state variable(s) change only at a discrete set of points in
time.
- The bank is an example of a discrete system

 A continuous system is one in which the state variable(s) change continuously over time.
- An example is the head of water behind a dam.
MODEL OF SYSTEM - A MODEL IS DEFINED AS A REPRESENTATION OF A SYSTEM FOR THE
PURPOSE OF STUDYING THAT SYSTEM.

TYPES OF MODELS
 Classification of Models
1. Mathematical Model USES SYMBOLIC NOTATION AND MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS TO
REPRESENT A SYSTEM.
Example: SIMPLE LINEAR MODEL, POPULATION GROWTH MODEL, NEWTION SECOND LAW
2. Physical Model TANGIBLE, MATERIAL REPRESENTATION OF AN OBJECT, SYSTEM, OR
PHENOMENON THAT IS USED TO STUDY ITS BEHAVIOR, DESIGN, OR APPEARANCE. TYPES OF
SIMULATION MODELS.
Example: SCALE MODEL, PROTOTYPE, MOCK-UPS, BIOLOGICAL MODEL
3. Simulation Model COMPUTATIONAL REPRESENTATIONS OF REAL-WORLD SYSTEMS OR
PROCESSES THAT ARE USED TO STUDY THEIR BEHAVIOR, PREDICT OUTCOMES, AND ANALYZE
PERFORMANCE UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS.

TYPES OF SIMULATION MODEL


1. Static Simulation TYPE OF SIMULATION THAT ANALYZES A SYSTEM AT A SPECIFIC POINT IN TIME
OR UNDER A SET OF CONDITIONS WITHOUT CONSIDERING CHANGES OVER TIME.
2. Dynamic Simulation TYPE OF SIMULATION THAT MODELS AND ANALYZES THE BEHAVIOR OF A
SYSTEM AS IT EVOLVES OVER TIME.
 DYNAMIC VS STATIC
- DYNAMIC SIMULATION INVOLVES TIME AS A KEY FACTOR. IT MODELS HOW A SYSTEM CHANGES
OVER TIME, CONSIDERING THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS AND TRANSITIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT
STATES.
- STATIC SIMULATION PROVIDES A SNAPSHOT OF THE SYSTEM, FOCUSING ON THE CURRENT STATE
WITHOUT MODELING TIME-BASED CHANGES.
3. Deterministic Models DETERMINISTIC MODELS ARE TYPES OF MATHEMATICAL OR
COMPUTATIONAL MODELS WHERE THE OUTCOMES ARE PRECISELY DETERMINED THROUGH KNOWN
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG STATES AND EVENTS, WITHOUT ANY RANDOMNESS.
4. Stochastic Simulation TYPE OF SIMULATION THAT INCORPORATES RANDOMNESS AND
UNCERTAINTY INTO THE MODELING PROCESS.
5. Discrete-Event System Simulation TYPE OF SIMULATION USED TO MODEL SYSTEMS WHERE
CHANGES OCCUR AT DISCRETE POINTS IN TIME, TRIGGERED BY SPECIFIC EVENTS.
6. Continuous Simulation TYPE OF SIMULATION THAT REPRESENTS SYSTEMS WHERE CHANGES
OCCUR CONTINUOUSLY OVER TIME, RATHER THAN AT DISCRETE INTERVALS.

STEPS IN A SIMULATION STUDY


1. PROBLEM FORMULATION
OBJECTIVE: CLEARLY DEFINE THE PROBLEM THAT THE SIMULATION WILL ADDRESS.
2. SYSTEM CONCEPTUALIZATION
OBJECTIVE: DEVELOP A CONCEPTUAL MODEL THAT REPRESENTS THE REAL-WORLD SYSTEM.
3. DATA COLLECTION
OBJECTIVE: GATHER THE NECESSARY DATA TO SUPPORT THE SIMULATION MODEL.
4. MODEL TRANSLATION
OBJECTIVE: CONVERT THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL INTO A COMPUTER-BASED SIMULATION MODEL.
5. VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION
OBJECTIVE: ENSURE THAT THE SIMULATION MODEL ACCURATELY REPRESENTS THE REAL-WORLD
SYSTEM AND BEHAVES AS EXPECTED.
6. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
OBJECTIVE: PLAN THE SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS, INCLUDING THE SCENARIOS TO BE TESTED, THE
VARIABLES TO BE MANIPULATED, AND THE MEASURES TO BE OBSERVED.
7. SIMULATION EXECUTION
OBJECTIVE: RUN THE SIMULATION MODEL ACCORDING TO THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, COLLECT THE
OUTPUT DATA, AND OBSERVE THE RESULTS.
8. OUTPUT ANALYSIS
OBJECTIVE: ANALYZE THE SIMULATION RESULTS TO DRAWCONCLUSIONS AND MAKE DECISIONS
BASED ON THE DATA COLLECTED.
9. IMPLEMENTATION
OBJECTIVE: USE THE FINDINGS FROM THE SIMULATION STUDY TO INFORM DECISION-MAKING AND
APPLY THE INSIGHTS TO THE REAL-WORLD SYSTEM.
10. DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING
OBJECTIVE: DOCUMENT THE ENTIRE SIMULATION STUDY PROCESS, INCLUDING THE MODEL, DATA,
EXPERIMENTS, AND RESULTS.
11. MODEL REFINEMENT AND ITERATION
OBJECTIVE: REFINE THE MODEL BASED ON FEEDBACK AND ADDITIONAL INSIGHTS.

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