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Lesson3

This lesson module focuses on sample size computation, including methods to determine appropriate sample sizes using Cochran’s and Yamane’s formulas. It provides step-by-step instructions for using Excel's Data Analysis Toolpak for sampling and includes practical examples for calculating sample sizes based on specified populations and error margins. The module concludes with activities to apply the learned concepts in real scenarios.

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6 views

Lesson3

This lesson module focuses on sample size computation, including methods to determine appropriate sample sizes using Cochran’s and Yamane’s formulas. It provides step-by-step instructions for using Excel's Data Analysis Toolpak for sampling and includes practical examples for calculating sample sizes based on specified populations and error margins. The module concludes with activities to apply the learned concepts in real scenarios.

Uploaded by

william.etrata.pgs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

BUSINESS STATISTICS

Lesson Module: Sample Size Computation

WILLIAM ETRATA JR.


Name: ________________________

Lesson Objectives: At the end of the module, each cadet should be able to
1) To discuss sample size computation.
2) To determine the appropriate sample size.
3) To solve and interpret the sample size accurately.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instruction: Answer all the requirements in this module based on the step-by-step procedures in
determining sample size.

The first thing that you need to do is to install Data Analysis Toolpak in you Excel
1. Go to file
2. Then click Options

3. Choose Add-ins

4. Go to manage Excel Add-ins, then click Go

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5. Check Analysis Toolpack, then Ok

6. Verify in Data view

LET’s Try!!!!!
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Consider the following population
121 131 141 151 161
122 132 142 152 162
123 133 143 153 163
124 134 144 154 164
125 135 145 155 165
126 136 146 156 166
127 137 147 157 167
128 138 148 158 168
129 139 149 159 169
130 140 150 160 170

STEP 1: Click data, Go to Data Analysis

STEP 2: In Data Analysis, choose Sampling

STEP 3: In the Input Range, highlight all the given sample size (n=50)
In Sampling Method, First we try periodic (Systematic Sampling)
In Output Range, Click any cell in excel where you want the result to be displayed

STEP 4: Then Click ok, that’s it, you’re done.

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Now it’s your turn to do Apply Random Sampling

Consider the following population


121 131 141 151 161
122 132 142 152 162
123 133 143 153 163
124 134 144 154 164
125 135 145 155 165
126 136 146 156 166
127 137 147 157 167
128 138 148 158 168
129 139 149 159 169
130 140 150 160 170

Look for a sample of 15, applying, Random Sampling


And put your answer in excel cell k2. Fill in the table with your answers.

153 154 131


157 170 162
127 134 134
153 146 164
123 121 154

HOW TO DETERMINE SAMPLE SIZE


To find your sample size, the following are the ways to determine your sample size;
A. Use Cochran’s Sample Size Formula
Cochran’s formula is considered especially appropriate in situations with large populations. A
sample of any given size provides more information about a smaller population than a larger
one, so there’s a ‘correction’ through which the number given by Cochran’s formula can be
reduced if the whole population is relatively small.

The Cochran formula is:

Where:

e is the desired level of precision (i.e. the margin of error)

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p is the (estimated) proportion of the population which has the attribute in
question
q is 1-p.
Z value is found in Z table

If the population we’re studying is small, we can modify the sample size we calculated in the
above formula by using this equation:

Where
N is the population size
n0 is the sample size

B. Yamane’s Formula

Where:

e is the desired level of precision (i.e. the margin of error)


N is the population size

EXAMPLE:
A survey is to be conducted by a research group at DLSU to determine the proportion of
students who are in favor of the enactment of the Freedom of Information Bill by Congress.
How large a sample size should the research group consider to interview if there are 1326 students
enrolled in the university. Allow a 5% error using Yamane’s Formula and Cochran formula.

Cochran Formula

We don’t have much information on the subject to begin with, so we’re going to assume that half of
the students are in favor: this gives us maximum variability. So p = 0.5.

Now let’s say we want 95% confidence, and at least 5 percent—plus or minus—precision. A 95 %
confidence level gives us Z values of 1.96, per the normal tables, so we get

((1.96)2 (0.5) (0.5)) / (0.05)2 = 385.

Here n0 is Cochran’s sample size recommendation, N is the population size, and n is the new, adjusted
sample size. In our earlier example, if there were just 1326 students in the target population, we would
calculate
385 / (1 + ( 384 / 1326 )) = 298.54 ᵙ 299 will be the sample size.

Yamane’s Formula

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n= 1,326_______
1+ 1,326 (.05)2
= 1,326__
1+3.315
= 307.3 ᵙ 308 (always round up to maximize number of sample size)

Activity
A political analyst wishes to select a sample from a population of 2,750 in his study. Apply Cochran’s
formula and Yamane’s formula in determining the sample size. Show the solutions.

A. Cochran’s Formula

Where:

p = 0.50, z = 1.96, e = 0.05, q = 0.50


no = (1.96)2 (0.50) (0.50) / (0.05)2
= 385

 385 / (1+ (384/ 2,750)) = 337.82


 338 is the sample size

B. Yamane’s Formula

n = 2,750
1+ 2,750 (.05)2
= 2,750__
1+ 6.875
= 349.20
= 350 is the sample size

- END OF THE MODULE -

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