Classification of Visual Arts
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ScribdTranslationsClassification of Visual Arts
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ScribdTranslationsClassification of visual arts
The visual arts are numerous and that includes at least the following categories:
Traditional plastic arts: painting, sculpture, architecture, drawing, engraving.
Painting is the art of graphic representation using pigments mixed with other
organic or synthetic binding substances. This art uses painting techniques,
knowledge of color theory and pictorial composition, and drawing. The practice of
the art of painting consists of applying, on a given surface - a sheet of paper, a
canvas, a wall, a piece of wood, a piece of fabric, etc. - a given technique, to obtain
a composition of shapes, colors, textures, drawings, etc. giving rise to a work of art
according to some aesthetic principles.
Painting is one of the oldest artistic expressions and one of the seven Fine Arts. In
aesthetics or art theory, painting is considered a universal category that includes all
artistic creations made on surfaces. A category applicable to any technique or type
of physical or material support, including ephemeral supports or techniques as well
as digital supports or techniques.
Sculpture is an artistic discipline that consists of the creation of figures through
actions such as sculpting or carving different materials. The term, derived from the
Latin word sculptūra, is also used to name the work resulting from this task. A
sculpture is also a noun that indicates the object created by the sculptor artist. With
this work, the sculptor manages to express his ideas, whether figurative or
abstract, reflecting what is contained in the artist's mind and his technical ability.
Architecture
Architecture is the art of conceiving, designing and constructing buildings and
structures where human activities can take place, and which, at the same time, are
functional, durable and aesthetically valuable. The word, as such, comes from the
Latin architectūra.
In this sense, architecture is a discipline that is governed by a set of technical and
aesthetic principles, where the beauty of the construction must be in harmonious
balance with its functionality and usefulness. Hence it is said that architecture
involves the alteration of physical space to satisfy human needs for housing, work,
industry, commerce, religion, etc.
Because architecture is a reflection of the needs, values and interests of different
human societies throughout history, it is also an important cultural manifestation
that allows us to understand the way in which human beings have related to their
environment over time.
Drawing
Drawing is the visual art of representing something in a two- or three-dimensional
medium using various tools and/or methods. Conventional drawing is done with
pencil, pen, graphite or crayon, but there are multiple techniques and possibilities
associated with drawing.
If we had to define drawing in a few words, we would say that it is the act of
producing an image manually with some element or substance. Thus, pencil on
paper is often used, but you can also draw on almost any other surface, and even
do so digitally with a mouse or stylus or tablet.
A drawing can be representative, abstract or symbolic, that is, it can aim to be a
faithful image of what it represents, or evoke sensations, perspectives or forms of
the artist, or even work by conventions in, for example, urban signage.
Recorded
Engraving is the printing or art technique that involves prior work on a surface
which is then covered with ink and from which, by pressing, different copies of the
same model are obtained. Engraving is one of the oldest forms with which humans
were able to create works of art, and it also serves as a method through which
many copies of the same design can be obtained. The name of the technique,
engraving, comes from the idea of recording the modifications or alterations made
to a surface, marking, leaving a trace that the surface was worked.
Engraving can be used both as an art form as well as a printing method for
different types of pamphlets, brochures or stationery. Throughout history, humans
have used various supports to create their engravings, ranging from metal, stone,
wood and even today artificial materials such as styrofoam or synthetic materials.
Visual arts of the 20th century: photography, cinema, urban art, graffiti.
Photograph
The word photography is derived from the words of Greek origin: phos (light) and
grafis (writing), which means to write or draw with light. Photography is the
technique of capturing permanent images with a camera, by means of the
photochemical action of light or other forms of radiant energy, and then
reproducing them on special paper.
The first experiments in photography date back to the end of the 18th century. Only
professionals could use cameras, which at that time were large and heavy. By the
20th century, they were accessible to the general public. Portable and instant
cameras emerged, and black and white photos became coloured. Nowadays, there
are the well-known digital cameras, which with the help of the computer, you can
easily obtain images.
The cinema
It is an art and a technique. It is the art of telling stories through the projection of
images, hence it is also known as the seventh art. And it is the technique that
consists of projecting frames, quickly and successively, to create the illusion of
movement.
To make a film, many other technical, creative and financial capabilities are
required, such as editing, photography, direction, scriptwriting, camera operation,
sound, production, etc., for which a whole team is needed. It also goes through
several stages: development, pre-production, filming, post-production and
distribution.
Cinema is usually divided into a multitude of genres, according to certain
characteristics and similarities between the films (style, theme, intention, audience,
production method), such as animation, commercial, police, action, science fiction,
romantic, documentary, experimental, among others.
urban art
The concept of urban art, also called street art, which is a translated version of the
English expression “Street art”, refers to all the art that is made in the street, in
public places and are normally activities outside the law being illegal, giving rise to
controversies and confrontations between its followers and its detractors. This form
of public art occurs on the artist's sole initiative, without prior permission or
commission, and the result is abandoned as soon as the work is finished.
This type of urban art includes Graffiti, being the first artistic expression associated
with the streets, but there are other forms of artistic expression such as posters
and stickers. The aim of urban art is to try to surprise observers, as this type of
work is usually carried out in public areas that are frequently visited. All the works
usually carry a very striking message, said message is usually revolutionary,
criticizing society above all but with a certain irony and trying to incite a social
struggle, other messages are only a political criticism or a simple reflection.
Unfortunately, this type of art coexists with debates about the main objective that
artists have for making their works, and more so nowadays when many of them
simply harm private space.
The graffiti
They are humorous or critical artistic expressions that are generally written and
drawn on public walls in urban spaces, and which capture inscriptions or paintings
with content that is sometimes grotesque, sometimes bordering on irony, which
normally reflect the popular ideology and social reality of the moment. Graffiti is a
form of free-form painting, which is generally anonymous and is notable for its
illegality, as it involves unauthorized graffiti on urban walls.
Graffiti has a high visual impact expressed in the form of large signs whose
inscriptions, generally with social and political content, merge with images and
drawings that attractively express rebellion or discontent. Graffiti is usually done
with paint, spray or sprayer, materials that are usually used to write in handwriting.
