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Lab 10-1

This laboratory manual outlines objectives and tasks for students to learn about computer organization and assembly language programming, focusing on hardware communication, interrupt handling, and TSR programs. Key tasks include reading from and writing to hardware ports, chaining and unhooking interrupts, and creating a TSR program to monitor keyboard inputs. The manual is designed for the Fall 2024 semester at the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences in Lahore, Pakistan.

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sana ejaz
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6 views

Lab 10-1

This laboratory manual outlines objectives and tasks for students to learn about computer organization and assembly language programming, focusing on hardware communication, interrupt handling, and TSR programs. Key tasks include reading from and writing to hardware ports, chaining and unhooking interrupts, and creating a TSR program to monitor keyboard inputs. The manual is designed for the Fall 2024 semester at the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences in Lahore, Pakistan.

Uploaded by

sana ejaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

Laboratory Manual

for
Computer Organization and Assembly Language Programming

Lab Instructor Sana Ejaz


Semester Fall 2024

Department of Computer Science

FAST-NU, Lahore, Pakistan

Page 1
OBJECTIVES:

 Understand the use of IN and OUT instructions for direct hardware communication.
 Learn to manipulate and handle Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) ports.
 Experiment with interrupt chaining and unhooking interrupts for custom handling.
 Explore the basics of the Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) and its integration with interrupts.
 Gain insight into terminating and staying resident (TSR) programs and their applications.

Task 1: Basic Hardware Communication with IN and OUT Instructions

Part 1: Read from a Port

1. Write an assembly program to read the status from the PIC control port.
2. Display the result of this read operation on the screen.

Instructions:

 Use IN instruction with the correct PIC port address.


 Use INT 21h (DOS interrupt) to display the value read from the port.

Part 2: Write to a Port

1. Write another program that configures the PIT to generate interrupts at a specific frequency.
2. Configure the PIT by writing to its control register and setting up the interval.

Instructions:

 Use OUT instruction to send data to the PIT control register.


 Choose a control word that sets a repeating interval, which can be displayed to observe the timer
configuration

Page 2 of 4
Task 2: Interrupt Chaining and Unhooking an Interrupt
Part 1: Chain a Custom Interrupt

1. Hook INT 08h (the timer interrupt) with a custom handler that increments a counter on each
timer tick.
2. Chain this interrupt to retain the original INT 08h handler so that it executes after your custom
code.

Instructions:

 Save the original interrupt vector for INT 08h.


 Replace INT 08h with your custom handler address, which increments a counter and then calls
the original INT 08h handler. Use 0x3509 to get current vector for INT 08h and 0x2509 to set.

Part 2: Unhook the Custom Interrupt

1. Write code to unhook your custom handler and restore the original INT 08h vector.
2. Ensure that the program terminates safely and restores the interrupt environment to its original
state.

Instructions:

 Use the DOS interrupt to replace the interrupt vector with the original handler.
 Verify that the original handler is properly restored by observing that the counter no longer
increments after unhooking.

Task 3: Creating and Debugging a Terminate and Stay Resident (TSR) Program with INT
09h.

1. Set up a TSR that hooks the keyboard interrupt.


2. Add a breakpoint within the handler to facilitate debugging and analysis.
3. Track specific key presses and observe program behavior with the breakpoint interrupt (INT 3).

Instructions:

 Write a custom handler for INT 09h to monitor key presses. Use 0x3509 to get current vector for
INT 09h and 0x2509 to set.
 Set the TSR to stay in memory and keep your handler active.
 Use INT 3 within the handler to halt execution on specific key presses (e.g., 'A' key) for
debugging.
 Observe and document any changes in register values when execution halts.

Page 2
Activity to try at home:

Try generating system sound using channel 2 (address port 0x42)

Page 4

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