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The document discusses database normalization, a technique aimed at minimizing data redundancy and preventing anomalies through structured rules known as normal forms. It outlines the three normal forms (1NF, 2NF, and 3NF) and their requirements, emphasizing the importance of primary keys, such as the National Identity Card Number (NICN), in uniquely identifying table rows. Additionally, it highlights the concept of functional and partial dependencies within database management.

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Tharuka Navod
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15 views4 pages

Assaiment

The document discusses database normalization, a technique aimed at minimizing data redundancy and preventing anomalies through structured rules known as normal forms. It outlines the three normal forms (1NF, 2NF, and 3NF) and their requirements, emphasizing the importance of primary keys, such as the National Identity Card Number (NICN), in uniquely identifying table rows. Additionally, it highlights the concept of functional and partial dependencies within database management.

Uploaded by

Tharuka Navod
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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:- DATABASE MANAGEMENT 1

:- H7DX 04

:- H7DX 04/AS/02

:- M. Tharuka Navod Sudarshana


:- 200718001972
:- Colombo
Answer

1. Normalization is a technique used in database design to


minimize data redundancy and prevent data anomalies. It
involves structuring a database in line with certain rules or
'normal forms' that optimize the storage and accessibility of
data. The process enhances the efficiency and scalability of
databases, which play a crucial role in business operations and
decision making.

2. First normal form (1NF). This is the "basic" level of database


normalization, and it generally corresponds to the definition of
any database, namely:

 It contains two-dimensional tables with rows and columns.


 Each column corresponds to a sub object or an attribute of
the object represented by the entire table.
 Each row represents a unique instance of that sub object or
attribute and must be different in some way from any other
row (that is, no duplicate rows are possible).
 All entries in any column must be of the same kind.

Second normal form (2NF). At this level of normalization,


each column in a table that is not a determiner of the contents
of another column must itself be a function of the other
columns in the table.
The column labelled National Identity Card Number is
considered a primary key because it is a column that uniquely
identifies the rows in that table, and it meets the other
accepted requirements in standard database management
schema: It does not have NULL values and its values won't
change.

Third normal form (3NF). At the second normal form,


modifications are still possible because a change to one row in
a table may affect data that refers to this information from
another table.
Extensions of basic normal forms include the domain/key
normalized form, in which a key uniquely identifies each row in
a table.
3. 1st Normal Form.
4. The NICN remains unique to the employee. Therefore, the
primary key should be NICN.
5.
 Fully functional dependencies :-
(NICN, Contract No) → Hours, Employee Name, Company ID,
Company Location.
 Partial dependencies :- NICN → Employee Name.

6.

7.
 Contract No → Company ID → Company Location.

8.

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