Grade – X NCERT Solutions

(Digital Documentation)

Introduction to Styles

1. What do you understand by styles in Libre-Office writer document?

Answer:
A style is a set of formats that you can apply to selected pages, text, frames and other elements in your
document to quickly change their appearance when you apply a style, you apply a whole group of formats
at the same time.

2. Write advantages of using Style over manual formatting, for designing a document.
Answer:
Advantages of using style are:
1. Styles help us to apply consistent formatting to the documents.
2. Style make the major formatting changes simple.
3. Using styles we can easily change the existing format.

3. What are the different categories of style in Libre-Office writer document?

Answer:
The following types of styles that can be set in Writer are:
• Paragraph Style: Defines how the paragraph will look and appear by setting the features like text
alignment, tab stops, line spacing and borders. Character formatting can also be done.

• Character Styles: It is used to set the words or selected text in a paragraph such as the font and size
of text or bold and italic and underline text formats.

• Frame Styles: It is used to apply formatting features to graphic and text wrapping, borders, backgrounds,
and columns.

• Page Style: It can arrange margins headers and footers, borders and backgrounds including the
sequence needed for printing sheets.

• List Style: It used to apply numbering or bullet characters and fonts to numbered or bulleted lists to
make them appear in consistency.

• Table Style : Using tables, a large amount of information can be organised and presented effectively.
Table Style category allows to format a table by adding borders, using different text or border colour(s),
aligning text inside the table, having different patterns or text colour.

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 4. Write down the steps to update a style.
Answer:
To update a style from a selection
a) Open the Style window.
b) In the document, select styled text.
c) In the Styles window, select the style you want to update by only a single-click.
d) Now click on Update Style from drop down

5. What do you understand by custom styles in Libre-Office Writer?

Answer:
Custom styles are user defined styles. Writer allows creating custom style and saving them for future use.
A user defined style or custom style once created, can be updated at any point of time.
Custom styles can be created using two methods:
a) Selection Method b)Drag and Drop Method

7. Give two examples where instead of Style, using manual formatting will be beneficial.
Answer:
1. Manual formatting is beneficial when we want to format a small document.
2. If you have a small element in your document with a very specific formatting requirement that won’t
be
repeated elsewhere, using manual formatting might be quicker and simpler.
3. Styles are great for basic tables, but for highly customized tables with merged cells, specific shading
patterns or varying borders within the table, manual formatting can offer more control. Creating a style
for every possible table variation might be impractical.
4. If you need a specific visual effect for a small piece of text, like a drop shadow or a specific colour
outline,
using manual formatting might be more suitable. Creating a style for such a unique effect might not be
worthwhile for a one-time use. Manual formatting allows for applying these effects directly to the text
without creating a custom style.

8. Give one situation, in which you will prefer to use Fill Format for styling your document.
Answer:
Fill Format mode is useful when we want to apply a style on words present at different locations in the
document.

9. Write steps to load style(s) from a template.

Answer:
Writer allows you to load an existing style from a template or document in to your current document.
Step 1: Select Styles  Load Styles from Template.
Step 2: In the Load Styles dialog box, choose the category of your document.
Step 3: Find and select the desired template to copy styles from.
Step 4: From the same dialog window, also select the options the types of styles to be copied,
such as Text for Paragraphs and Character styles, Frame, Pages or Numbering (List Styles).
Step 5: Click OK and load the styles.

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Working with Images:
1. What is a digital image? How can you create one?
Answer:
A picture is a digital image, which is representation of image in finite set of digital values 0 or 1, known as
pixels. These are stored in various types of graphics files with the file extension, such as GIF, JPG, JPEG,
PNG, BMP etc. Digital image can be created using an electronic camera, scanner, or other imaging device.
The digital images created from a scanner may have originally appeared in a magazine, textbook, portfolio,
journal or other source of material. Each sampled digital image enters the computer as a grid of dots or
pixels.

2. Write steps to insert an image from the gallery using Drag and Drop method.
Answer:
To insert an image from the gallery, using Drag and Drop method follow the given steps:
Step 1: Open the document to insert an image in Libre-Office Writer.
Step 2: Open a file browser window (Win + E) and select the file to be inserted.
Step 3: Drag the image into the document.
Step 4: Drop it, where you want it to appear in the document.

3. How is resizing of image different from cropping it?

Answer:
Resizing is the process of reducing or enlarging the size of the image. Cropping means to cut off non-
desirable part of the image. While resizing the image, its size gets changed, but while cropping the image
cuts it.
Resizing Cropping

Changes the overall dimensions of the image. Removes unwanted parts of the image.
Usually maintains the aspect ratio (unless Changes the aspect ratio (unless using a specific
overridden). aspect ratio tool.
May decrease quality when enlarging (adding Maintains the quality of the remaining image
pixels), minimal impact when shrinking. (same quality as that section in original).
Like adjusting the zoom level on a photo. Like cutting out a specific section with scissors.
Focus on a specific element, remove unwanted
Change the image size to fit in a specific space.
background, change composition.

4. What are the tools available in drawing toolbar? Describe any five tools.
Answer:
Drawing tools are used to create pictures (objects), such as Flowchart, Call out box, designs, etc. There are
24 tools available in Drawing Toolbar such are Select, Basic Shapes, Insert line, Symbol, Lines and Arrows,
Star, Curve, Arrow, Rectangle, Callout, Polygon, Flowchart, Rectangle Rounded, Textbox, Square, Points,
Oval, Font work, Right Angle Triangle, Toggle extrusion.
Basic Shapes: This tool helps us to draw the basic shapes like square, Rectangle, Triangle etc.,
Symbol Shapes: This tool helps us to draw Moon, Heart, Cloud, Sun etc.
Stars and Banners:

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This tool helps us to draw various types of stars like 4 Point Star, 5 Point Star, 6 Point Star, 8 Point Star.
Insert Text Box: This tool is used to insert a text box. You can write the text in it.
Insert Line: This tool is used to insert a straight line.

5. How is linking of an image different from embedding?

Answer:
Differences between Linking and Embedding an Image:
Feature Linking an Image Embedding an Image

Storage Location Image file remains in its original Image data is stored within the
location. document
File Size Document size remains smaller. Document size increases with image
size.
Changes to the original image are Changes to the document do not
Image Updates reflected in the linked document. affect the original image or vice
versa.
Broken Links Risk of broken links, if the original No broken links possible.
image location changes.
Portability Easier to share and manage images Document is self-contained,
separately. portable.

6. Write steps to change properties for drawing objects.

Answer:
Steps to change properties for drawing objects:
Step 1: From the Drawing toolbar, select the object you want to draw.
Step 2: From Drawing Object Properties Toolbar, click on the icon of property to be modified.
Step 3: Change the value of parameter.
Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 change all desired properties.
Step 5: Draw the desired figure by the following the above steps.

7. What are the benefits and drawbacks of grouping drawing objects?

Answer:
Benefits:
Grouping drawing objects makes it easier to handle several objects as a single entity while preserving their
relative sizes and positions. When objects are grouped, any editing operations carried out on that group
are applied to all members of the group. If you click on one member of the group, the whole group is\
selected.
Drawbacks:
The main drawback is that it becomes tedious, if we want to make changes to single part of grouped
object. As it requires, ungrouping, modifying and then regrouping. Hence, it’s time consuming process.

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8. Describe any two tools from Drawing object properties toolbar.
Answer:
Line Style: This tool is used to select the line style that you want to use.
Area: This tool is used to set the fill properties of the selected drawing object.

9. Write steps to insert an image in a basic drawing shape.

Answer:
1. Insert an image
2. Draw a shape
3. Align the shape over the image
4. Select both and click Shape > Intersect
The image will distort to fill the shape so crop image to same dimensions as the shape if important to not
distort

10. Write factors controlling positioning of an image in a document.

Answer:
Arrangement:
Arranging images needs to be set for positioning of objects. Arranging an image means to determine its
vertical position relative to other images, shapes drawn or text. Arranging is to control how images can be
stacked according to text or other images. The 6 common settings along with special setting for drawing
objects are: Bring to Front, Forward One, Back one, Send to back, To Foreground, To Background.

Anchoring:
Anchor refers to the reference point for the images like page, paragraph or a character or frame.
An image always has an anchor point to decide how image would hold on to that document.
This positioning of image can have anchored to move with the text or fix the position of image on page.

Alignment:
It allows the vertical or horizontal placement of the image with respect to its anchor.

Text Wrapping:
Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to surrounding text which may wraparound the graphic on
one or both sides or be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic. There are six choices namely No
Wrap, Wrap Left, Wrap Right, Parallel or Page Wrap, Optimal Page Wrap and Wrap Through.

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Advanced Features of Writer:

1. What is the need of Table of Contents?

Answer:
Need of Table of Contents
• The TOC acts as a roadmap for your document, listing all the chapters, sections and subsections with
their
corresponding page numbers.
• It gives readers a quick understanding of the document’s structure and the topics covered.
• It allows readers to easily jump to specific sections of interest without having to flip through pages.
• A well formatted TOC adds professionalism to the document.
• It demonstrates organization and makes the document appear more user-friendly.
• By providing a clear navigation tool, the TOC improves the overall readability for anyone reading the
document.

2. What will happen if the ‘Protected Against Manual Changes’ option is not selected in the Type tab of
Table of Contents, Index or Bibliography dialog box?
Answer:
If ‘Protected Against Manual Changes’ option is not selected, then the contents of TOC can be changed
directly on the document page, just like any other text on the document.

3. Name the five tabs present in the Table of Contents, Index or Bibliography dialog box.
Answer:
 Type: To create TOC select table of contents option. other options are alphabetical Index,
illustration Index, Index of tables etc.
 Protect against manual changes: It applies lock on the table of contents. users cannot modify it
manually after inserting it on-page.
 Entries: This tab allows to set structure of headings and set styles of headings.
 Style: This tab allows us to change the heading style and formatting.
 Columns: This tab is used to increase or decrease columns in the table of contents as well as allows
to change the width and space between columns.
 Background: User can set a background colour or change the background, select the appropriate
image through the browse button and check the preview. you can set the layout of the image by
selecting position, title or area option.

4. What do you mean by customization of ToC?

Answer:
Customization of ToC refers to the process of changing the appearance and content of a ToC. This can be
done by changing the style, format, columns, entries, and options of the ToC. 5. Headings and sub-
headings of a document are differentiated in ToC by their level.

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5. How headings and sub-headings of a document differentiated in ToC?
Answer:
Headings and sub – headings of a document are differentiated in ToC by their level. Headings are typically
displayed at a higher level than sub-headings.

6. Define Template.
Answer:
A template is a base that we can use to create other documents. It can set the position of text, images or
placeholders that can be saved and reused this style format any number of times. Templates can contain
text, graphics, a set of styles, and user-specific defined information such as language or the default printer.

7. Give any one advantage of using a template for your document.

Answer:
Advantages of templates are:
 Templates simplify the creation of documents.
 Templates increase the attention of the audience.
 Templates improve clarity and customer satisfaction.
 They help in saving time and money.
 Templates can ease our workload and make us feel less stressed, and increases efficiency.

8. What is the difference between importing and exporting a template?

Answer:
Importing a template means to add a new template to the Template Manager from your computer.
Exporting a template means to save the copy of an existing template from the Template Manager to a
folder on your computer.

9. Name any two categories of templates.

Answer:
Categories of Templates
• My Templates
• Business Correspondence
• Drawing
• Localization
• Media Wiki
• Other Business Documents
• Personal Correspondence and Documents
• Presentation
• Styles

10. When is exporting of templates useful? Give any one reason.

Answer:
Exporting of templates is useful when you want to share a template with multiple users or when you want
to use the same template in multiple documents.

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 Grade – X NCERT Solutions

Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced) Using LibreOffice Calc

Analyse Data using Scenarios and Goal Seek

1. Define the terms

(a) Consolidate function
(b) What-if analysis
(c) Goal seek
Answer:
(a) Consolidate function
Answer:
Consolidate means that to combine a number of things into a single unit. Consolidating of data means that
the process of combining the number of data organised into different sheets into one worksheet or cell.

(b) What-if analysis

Answer:
What-if analysis is a tool that shows how changing one or more values will affect the outcome of set
formulas. It helps to finds what business operations or targets would look like through within a given a
range of various inputs.

(c) Goal seek

Answer:
Goal seek is one of the powerful features of LibreOffice Calc. It is a feature that reverses the usual order
for a formula that is we run a formula to get the result with certain arguments whereas with Goal Seek we
work with the output to see what values were used to get the result.

2. Give one point of difference between

(a) Subtotal and What-if
(b) What-if scenario and What-if tool
Answer:
(a) Subtotal and What-if
Answer:
Subtotals are used to summarize data within a dataset, while What-If scenarios involve creating
hypothetical situations for analysis.

(b) What-if scenario and What-if tool

Answer:
What-If Analysis is the process of changing the values in cells to see how those changes will affect the
outcome of formulas on the worksheet. Three kinds of What-If Analysis tools come with Excel: Scenarios,
Goal Seek, and Data Tables. Scenarios and Data tables take sets of input values and determine possible
results.

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3. Give any two advantages of data analysis tools.
Answer:
1. Informed Decision-Making: Data analysis provides insights that help organizations make evidence-
based decisions, reducing reliance on intuition or guesswork.
2. Identifying Trends and Patterns: By analyzing data, businesses can uncover trends and patterns that
inform strategic planning and forecasting.
3. Improved Efficiency: Data analysis can reveal inefficiencies in processes, allowing organizations to
optimize operations and reduce costs.

4. Name any two tools for data analysis.

Answer:
Scenarios, Goal Seek, and Data Tables.

5. What are the criteria for consolidating sheets?

Answer:
Each column must have a label (header) in the first row and contain similar data. There must be no blank
rows or columns anywhere in the list. Put each range on a separate worksheet, but don't enter anything in
the master worksheet where you plan to consolidate the data.

6. Which tool is used to create an outline for the selected data?

Answer:
You can create an outline of your data and group rows and columns together so that you can collapse and
expand the groups with a single click.
AutoOutline
If the selected cell range contains formulas or references, LibreOffice automatically outlines the selection.
Show Details
Shows the details of the grouped row or column that contains the cursor. To show the details of all of the
grouped rows or columns, select the outlined table, and then choose this command.

Using Macros in Spreadsheet

1. What is a Macro? List any two real life situations where they can be used.
Answer:
A macro is an advanced feature in all software which allows us to record a set of tasks, or commands that
can be easily repeated.
An example of a simple macro is one that enters your address into an open document. You can use macros
to automate both simple and complex tasks. Macros are very useful when you have to repeat the same
task in the same way.

2. List the actions that are not recorded by a macro.

Answer:
Spreadsheet provides a feature called macro in which user can record the commands, tasks or the
activities that needs to be performed regularly in specified order.

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3. How is LibreOffice Macros Library different from my Macros?
Answer:
LibreOffice Macros library is provided by library office and contains modules with pre-recorded macros and
should not be changed whereas My Macros contain macros that we write or add to LibreOffice.

4. Differentiate between predefined function in Calc and Macros as a function

Answer:
Predefined Functions: Macros as a Function
1. Built-in formulas: Already available in the 1. User-defined scripts: Record or write a series
program, like SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, etc. of commands to automate tasks.

2. Customized functionality: Perform complex

2. Perform specific calculations: Automatically
operations, interact with user inputs, and adapt
execute a particular calculation or operation.
to specific needs.

3. No user input required: Simply enter the 3. User input required: Create and edit macros to
function name and required arguments. suit specific requirements.

4. Fixed functionality: Cannot be modified or 4. Flexible functionality: Can be modified, edited,

customized. or deleted as needed.
Key differences:
Predefined functions perform specific calculations, while macros automate tasks and offer
customized functionality.

5. List the rules that should be kept in mind while naming a macro.
Answer:
1. Use a letter as the first character. (Names aren't case sensitive, but they preserve capitalization.)
2. Use only alphanumeric characters and the underscore character ( _ ). Spaces and other symbols are not
allowed.
3. Use fewer than 255 characters.
4. Avoid names that match Visual Basic or Reflection commands. Or, if you do use a macro name that is the
same as a command, fully qualify the command when you want to use it.
5. Give unique names to macros within a single module. Visual Basic doesn't allow you to have two macros
with the same name in the same code module.

6. Give any one advantage of macros.

Answer:
A macro is a set of instructions or commands that are recorded and saved in a spreadsheet program. It
allows users to automate repetitive tasks and perform them with a single click or shortcut.
1. It saves user's time.
2. Helps in easy calculations for complex problems.
3. Reduces error occurring with repetitive tasks.
4. User can use their names in each macro.

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Linking Spreadsheet Data

1. Name the two ways to link the sheets in a LibreOffice Calc.

Answer:
Hyperlinks can be stored within your file as either relative or absolute.
a) An absolute link will stop working only if the target is moved. It contains the complete URL.
b) A relative link will stop working only if the start and target locations change relative to each other.
For instance, if you have two spreadsheet in the same folder linked to each other and you move the
entire folder to a new location, a relative hyperlink will not break.

2. Differentiate between Relative and Absolute Hyperlink.

Answer:
Relative Hyperlink Absolute Hyperlink
1) Absolute hyperlink always include the domain
1) Relative links only point to a file or a file path
name of the website.
2) Relative hyperlinks will stop working only if the
2) Absolute hyperlinks will stop working only if the
source and target locations change relative to
target is moved.
each other.

3. Write steps to extract a table from a web page in a spreadsheet.

Answer:
To extract a table from a web page and place it in a spreadsheet, you can follow these general steps:
1. Open a Web Browser: Launch your web browser and navigate to the web page that contains the table
you want to extract.

2. Locate the Table: On the web page, locate the table you want to extract. Tables are typically enclosed
within `<table>` HTML tags and consist of rows `<tr>` and columns `<td>` or `<th>`. You may need to right-
click on the table to inspect the HTML structure if you're not sure.

3. Select and Copy the Table: Highlight the entire table (including the opening `<table>` and closing
`</table>` tags) and copy it. You can usually right-click and select "Copy" or use the keyboard shortcut
(Ctrl+C or Command+C on Mac).

4. Open a Spreadsheet Application: Open a spreadsheet application like Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets,
or LibreOffice Calc on your computer.

5. Paste the Table: Click on a cell in the spreadsheet where you want to place the table, and then paste
the table (Ctrl+V).

6. Format the Data (If Necessary): Depending on the web page's formatting, you may need to format the
pasted data. This can include adjusting column widths, setting headers, and applying any necessary
formatting.

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7. Review and Save: Review the extracted table to ensure it's accurate. Make any adjustments if needed.
After verifying, save the spreadsheet to your computer or cloud storage.

4. Write steps to register a data source that is in *.odb format.

Answer:
LibreOffice Calc allows us to link spreadsheet documents with databases and other data sources. The data
source needs to be registered with LibreOffice. Registration is a means to inform LibreOffice about the
type of data source and the location of the file.
To register a data source that is in *.odb format, follow the steps given below.
Step 1: Select Tools --> Options --> LibreOffice Base --> Databases.
The Options - LibreOffice Base-Databases dialog box appears.
Step 2: Click the New button to open the Create Database Link dialog box
Step 3: Enter the location of the database file, or click Browse to open a file browser and select the
database file.
Step 4: Type a name to use as the registered name for the database and click OK. The database is added
to the list of registered databases.
Note : The OK button is enabled only when both fields are filled in.

5. State advantages of extracting data from a web page into spreadsheet.

Answer:
1. Save Cost. Web Scraping saves cost and time as it reduces the time involved in the data extraction task.
2. Accuracy Of Results. Web Scraping beats human data collection hands down.
3. Time To Market Advantage. Accurate results help businesses save time, money, and human labor.

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Share and Review a Spreadsheet
1. Define the terms
(a) Sharing Spreadsheet
(b) Record changes
Answer:
(a) Sharing Spreadsheet:
Sharing spreadsheet allows many users to open the same worksheet / workbook for entering and editing
the data at the same time. This feature enables to share the spreadsheet file with several users and edit
the same workbook without keeping track of multiple versions.

(b) Record changes

This feature of LibreOffice Calc provides different ways to record the changes made by one or other users
in the spreadsheet. While recording the changes, the spreadsheet will turn off its shared feature.

2. Write the commands to perform

(a) Sharing Spreadsheet
(b) Record changes
Answer:
(a) Sharing Spreadsheet
Step 1: Open a new spreadsheet and save it with some name.
Step 2: Select and click on Tools --> Share Spreadsheet from main menu bar. This will open the Share
Document dialog window which can be used to enable or disable sharing option.
Step 3: Click on the checkbox “Share this spreadsheet with other users” to share the spreadsheet and
click
on OK button. This will open the confirmation dialog window to save the spreadsheet to activate
the shared mode.
Step 4: Click on Yes to continue.
Step 5: Once the spreadsheet is saved, the name of the spreadsheet in the title bar will display (shared)
along with the name of the spreadsheet.

3. Which menu is used to perform the functions

(a) Track Changes
(b) Saving Spreadsheet
Answer:
(a) Track Changes
1. The feature of Track Changes  Record under Edit menu is turned ON which was disabled and not
working in the shared spreadsheet.
2. Now to record track changes, click on Edit  Track Changes  Record

(b) Saving Spreadsheet

1. Click on File Menu  Save

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4. What do you understand by reviewing the changes in the spreadsheet?
Answer:
Once the spreadsheet is edited by all the members of the team. It is the final stage before submitting the
spreadsheet. In this stage, we will go through the changes to accept or reject to prepare the final
spreadsheet after looking at all the changes made by the team members.

5. Differentiate between Merging and Comparing Spreadsheet?

Answer:
In LibreOffice Calc, the main difference between merging and comparing spreadsheets is that merging
combines multiple edited versions of a spreadsheet into one, while comparing shows the differences
between two similar spreadsheets:
Merging Comparing
Combines multiple edited versions of a
spreadsheet into one. You can use this feature
when multiple reviewers have edited a
Shows the differences between two similar
spreadsheet and you want to review all the
spreadsheets. You can use this feature to find
changes at once. To merge documents, you
potential problems, like broken formulas or
can:
manually-entered totals. You can compare two
1. Open the original document
documents that don't have revisions marked
2.Select Edit > Track Changes > Merge
with Track Changes.
Document
Select the files you want to merge and click
Open

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 Grade – X NCERT Solutions

Database Management System using LibreOffice Base

Introduction to Database Management System

1. Define the terms

(a) Database
(b) Data redundancy
(c) Report
Answer:
(a) Database: A database is a collection of organized information that's stored electronically in a computer
system. Databases can contain any type of data, such as words, numbers, images, videos, and files.

(b) Data redundancy: Data redundancy in a database management system (DBMS) is when the same data
is stored in more than one location within a database or across multiple data systems.

(c) Report: A report is a graphical object that presents data in a formatted layout. This is useful for
displaying data in an organised manner and for printing.

2. Give one point of difference between

(a) Data and Information.
(b) Form and Query.
(c) Network and hierarchical data model.
Answer:
(a) Data and Information: Data comprises raw, unprocessed facts that need context to become useful,
while information is data that has been processed, organized, and interpreted to add meaning and value.

(b) Form and Query: Forms provides an interface to users to view, add, modify in both tables and queries.
Reports are presented forms used to present formatted summaries or lists of the data from one or more
tables or queries.

(c) Network and hierarchical data model: A network data model is an organization of data in a more
flexible series of relationships. It's like a hierarchical data model, but child nodes can have multiple parent
nodes instead of just one. The terminology used is different too. Instead of parents or root nodes, network
data models have owners.

3. Give any four advantages of a DBMS.

Answer:
Here are some advantages of a Database Management System (DBMS):
Improved Data Quality:
DBMS can help ensure data is consistent and reliable, and reduce data redundancy and inconsistency.

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Better Data Security:
DBMS can help protect data by restricting access to authorized personnel, and by providing a framework
for enforcing privacy and security policies.

Efficient Data Access:

DBMS can help users access data quickly and accurately.

Improved Decision-Making:
DBMS can help provide a framework for making data quality initiatives easier, and can help companies
make real-time decisions.

4. Consider the table given below and answer the questions that follow
Table: Library
Book_Id Book_Name Author_Name Price Publisher
F001 Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen 550 ABC
S004 Amazing Astronomy E. Shane 1050 ABC
C005 IT and Mankind MHA Diwaan 2500 HYM

(a) Name the fields in the given table.

(b) Which field should be made the primary key?
(c) Is there any alternate key in the table?
(d) How is primary key different from foreign key? Explain with example.

Answer:
(a) Book_Id, Book_Name, Author_Name, Price, Publisher.
(b) Book_Id field should be made the Primary Key.
(c) Yes we can make Publisher as Foreign Key.
(d) The main difference between a primary key and a foreign key is that a primary key uniquely identifies
each row in a table, while a foreign key links data in one table to another:
Primary Key:
A column or columns that uniquely identify each row in a table. Primary keys ensure that each record is
identifiable and that no two rows contain the same value. They are used to extract or archive data from a
table. Examples of primary keys include a driver's license number, telephone number with area code, or
vehicle identification number (VIN).
Foreign Key:
A column or columns that references a primary key in another table. Foreign keys establish and enforce
relationships between tables, and ensure data integrity. For example, in a library database, a Books table
might have a BookID primary key, and a Loans table might have a BookID foreign key. The foreign key
references the primary key in the Books table, ensuring that only valid BookIDs are stored in the Loans
table. Here are some other differences between primary keys and foreign keys:
1. Number of keys: There is only one primary key in a table, but there can be multiple foreign keys.
2. Null values: Primary keys cannot accept null values, but foreign keys can.
3. Deleting values: Primary key values cannot be removed from the parent table, but foreign key values
can.
4. Temporary tables: Primary keys can be defined in a temporary table, but foreign keys cannot.

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Starting with LibreOffice Base
1. Differentiate between:
(a) Memo and Varchar data type
(b) Number and Decimal data type
(c) Design View and Datasheet view of a table
Answer:
(a) Memo and Varchar data type
Memo Varchar
Can store text or binary data of any format and Stores character strings of varying length that
variable length. The memo data type is also can contain single-byte and multi-byte
known as CLOB (character large object) or characters. The length of a varchar column can
BLOB. In Microsoft Access desktop databases, be specified as a value from 0 to a limit, which
the memo data type is now called "Long Text". varies by database.

(b) Number and Decimal data type

Number Decimal
The Numeric data type is used to represent a The Numeric data type is used to represent a
number with fixed precision and fixed scale. number with fixed precision and fixed scale. This
This means, there is a defined precision for means, there is a defined precision for numeric
numeric data type such that if we try to store a data type such that if we try to store a number
number that is out of bounds, the numeric that is out of bounds, the numeric data type will
data type will return an error. return an error.

(c) Design View and Datasheet view of a table

View Datasheet View

Allows you to create or change the table, Allows you to visualize your data, fields, and
form, or other database object, and configure records in the form of a spreadsheet. You can
the fields. You can also see the header, detail, edit the data, but you can't change the format of
and footer sections for the form. the database other than minor changes.

2. Name the menu items present on the Base User Interface?

Answer:
 Title Bar
 Menu Bar
1. File
2. Edit
3. View
4. Insert
5. Tools,
6. Window

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 7. Help
 Standard Toolbar
 Status Bar

3. Label the components – Title Bar, Database Pane, Tasks Pane, Status Bar of the LibreOffice Base User
Interface.

4. How can we define a primary key in a table?

Answer:
Primary key: Primary key is a field that uniquely identifies a record in a table. Primary key cannot accept
null values. Primary key is indexed in database by default. There can be only one Primary key in a table.

5. Write steps to sort the table in descending order of primary key.

Answer:
Step 1: Open the Event table in datasheet view and select the field on which you want to sort, that the
field “Points” is selected to sort the records in ascending order.

Step 2: From the tool bar click Sort Ascending icon if the table has to be sorted in ascending order of
selected field. Alternatively select Sort Descending icon if the table has to be sorted in descending order of
selected field.

Step 3: The table will be sorted in the descending order of points.

6. What is the use of navigation box with respect to tables in a database?

Answer:
The black pointing arrow ( ) just before the field name is the record pointer. To navigate through various
records of the table, we use the navigation box present at the bottom of the datasheet window. It
indicates a current record of the table at any given time.

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Working with Multiple Tables
1. Give any two advantages of relating a table in a database.
Answer:
Relating tables in a database can help you understand the relationships between data and create
meaningful information. Here are some advantages of relating tables in a database:

Create Meaningful Information:

You can join tables to understand how they connect and create meaningful information.

Automatically Update Related Fields:

You can use the Cascade Update Related Fields option to automatically update all fields that reference a
primary key when you update it.

Flexibility:
You can easily add, update, or delete tables and relationships without impacting the database structure or
existing applications.

2. How is redundancy or inconsistency controlled in a database? Explain with an example.

Answer:
Database redundancy and inconsistency can be controlled by:
Normalization: This process organizes data to minimize duplication and dependency. It involves
reorganizing the database's tables and columns to ensure that dependencies are enforced correctly.
Primary keys: Each record has a unique identifier.
Foreign keys: These ensure that relationships between tables are consistent.
Constraints: These are rules that enforce data integrity.
Deleting unused data: If you move data to a new database but forget to delete it from the old one, you'll
have the same data in two places.
Centralized administration: This removes inconsistency by ensuring that the same information is not
stored in different files.

3. Define referential integrity. Who maintains referential integrity in a database?

Answer:
Referential integrity is a database concept that ensures the relationships between tables remain consistent
and accurate. It's maintained by foreign key constraints in a database system.

 Referential integrity is a logical dependency between a foreign key and a primary key. A foreign key
is a primary key from one table that appears in another table. Referential integrity ensures that
each foreign key in a table points to a unique primary key value in another table.
 Referential integrity is important because it prevents incorrect records from being added, deleted,
or modified. It also helps to ensure that data is not lost and that data quality is maintained.
 Referential integrity is enforced through constraints, such as foreign key constraints. When an SQL
operation attempts to change data in a way that would violate referential integrity, the database
manager enforces a set of rules associated with each referential constraint.

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4. Differentiate between one to one relationship and one to many relationship. Give suitable examples to
explain your answer.
Answer:
The main difference between a one-to-one relationship and a one-to-many relationship is that in a one-to-
one relationship, each record in one table is linked to a single record in another table, while in a one-to-
many relationship, one record in one table is linked to multiple records in another table:
 One-to-one relationship: In a one-to-one relationship, each record in one table has at most one
related record in another table. For example, a one-to-one relationship can exist between
employees and the cars they drive.
 One-to-many relationship: In a one-to-many relationship, one record in one table is linked to
multiple records in another table. For example, a one-to-many relationship can exist between a
product category and the individual products within that category.

5. Explain many to many relationship with an example.

Answer:
 A many-to-many relationship is when one or more items in one table can be related to one or more
items in another table.
 To create a many-to-many relationship, you need to create a new table to connect the other two
tables. This third table is called a join table. Each record in the join table includes a match field that
contains the value of the primary keys of the two tables it joins.
 Here are some examples of many-to-many relationships:
1. Customers and Products: Customers can buy multiple products, and products can be
purchased by many customers.
2. Students and Classes: Students can enroll in multiple courses, and each course can have
multiple students.
3. Reservations and Payments: A hotel's reservation table and payment table both include
the name of the guest, and a guest can have multiple reservations and payments.
4. Sales Reps and Customers: Customers can buy from multiple sales reps on a sales team,
and a sales rep can sell to many different customers.

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Queries in Base

1. Define a query? What is the need of creating a query in a database?

Answer:
A query is one of the most important feature of any DBMS. Using a query, we can retrieve and display
data from one or more tables in a database. This is done by giving specific search criteria to the DBMS so
that we are able to view the exact information that we want.
Need of Creating a Query:
1. Retrieving Specific Information: Queries allow you to extract specific data from your database based
on your needs. You can filter, sort, and group data to answer specific questions or generate reports.
2. Data Analysis and Insights: Queries enable you to analyze data, identify trends, and gain insights. You
can use them to calculate statistics, find patterns, and make informed decisions.
3. Data Manipulation: Queries can be used to modify data in your database. You can update records,
insert new data, or delete existing data based on specific criteria.
4. Data Integration: Queries can be used to combine data from multiple tables or sources. This allows you
to create comprehensive views of your data and perform complex analysis.

2. Rearrange the steps given below so as to create a query using a wizard.

 Give Alias
 Select the fields
 Set the criterion
 Set the sorting order
 Give table name
Answer:
 Select the fields
 Give table name
 Give Alias
 Set the criterion
 Set the sorting order

3. What all information is seen in the overview (last step) of the Query wizard?
Answer:
The last step of the Query wizard displays the entire overview of the query.
• Name of the Query – By default, the name of the query is Query_Events by default. If desired, type the
new name in the text box.
• The action to be performed after the wizard finishes –
By default Display Query option will be selected. Click and select the Modify Query radio button if the
query has to be edited in the Design view.
• Complete detail of the query –
This section contains a summary about the query that has been created.

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4. What is the use of Alias row in the Design grid of the Query Design window?
Answer:
The column header name will be displayed when we run the query. By default the field names will be
displayed as column headers. Many times field names are not user friendly, so an alias name which is
more readable, is chosen to be displayed in the query output.

5. Name any four mathematical functions that can be applied to numerical data in a query.
Answer:
1. count
2. sum
3. minimum
4. maximum
5. average

6. Name the three ways of creating a query in LibreOffice Base?

Answer:
A query can be created in three ways.
1. Using a Wizard
2. In Design View
3. In SQL view

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Forms and Reports

1. Give one difference between a form and a report.

Answer:
FORMS REPORTS
It provides systematic way of storing It displays and print the data in a summarized
information into a database manner.
It lets user to provide input, view or edit data It provides output of information in specified.
directly in database objects. User cannot edit or enter data.
Forms gather information of a record form Reports can represent information from
single table. multiple tables.

2. What is a field control with respect to forms?

Answer:
A field control consists of a physical control (either a date box, DateTime box, label, Boolean check box,
number box, radio button, text box, or time box) with a label. The field type determines the kinds of
controls that can be used for each field.

3. Which tool on the Forms Record toolbar is used to insert text on the form?
Answer:
Tool for inserting text on the form The "Text Box" tool on the Forms Record toolbar is used to insert text
on the form.

4. Name the two ways to create a form in LibreOffice Base.

Answer:
There are two ways to create a form:
• Using a wizard
• Using the Design View

5. What is the difference between a static and a dynamic report?

Static reports Dynamic reports
These reports show data in real time and
can change automatically to reflect the
These reports contain fixed information that remains
most current information. They can be
unchanged unless manually updated. They are like a
accessed anywhere, at any time, by
photograph that captures a moment in time. Static
anyone who has permission to view
reports can be limiting in scope, and it can be difficult
it. Dynamic reports incorporate an
to analyze or compare specific metrics and results.
interactive interface that allows users to
customize how they see the information.

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6. Write the function of Forms Controls toolbar and Records toolbar.
Answer:
Forms Controls toolbar:
Provides tools for adding and configuring controls (like text boxes, buttons, etc.) on a form.

Records toolbar:
Offers tools for navigating through records, adding new records, and saving changes.

10 | P a g e
 Grade – X NCERT Solutions

Maintain Healthy, Safe and Secure Working Environment

Health, Safety and Security at Workplace

1. Briefly explain the concept of health, safety and security at workplace.

Answer:
Health, safety, and security in the workplace is a company's commitment to protecting its employees
and the public from harm it involves:
 Preventing injuries and illnesses: Employers should take steps to protect employees from hazards
that could cause injury or illness.
 Promoting wellbeing: The goal is to promote the physical, mental, and social wellbeing of
employees.
 Creating a safe workplace: The workplace should be secure from intruders.
 Having a safety plan: The company should have a written health, safety, and security policy that
outlines the company's commitment and objectives.
 Identifying hazards: The company should have a committee to identify hazards in the workplace.
 Controlling hazards: The company should specify control measures for the hazards it identifies.
 Training employees: Employers should ensure that employees are trained on how to use personal
protective equipment (PPE) and how to maintain it.
 Reporting concerns: Employees should report any injuries, illnesses, or other health and safety
concerns.
 Inspecting the workplace: The company should regularly inspect the workplace to ensure safety
standards are being followed.
 Consulting with employees: The company should consult with employees before making changes
to the workplace.

2. State the most important reasons for health, safety and security programs in workplace
Answer:
There are several important reasons for health, safety, and security programs in the workplace,
including:
 Reduce risk of injury, illness, or death: The primary goal of a workplace safety program is to reduce
the risk of injury, illness, or death to workers.
 Improve mental health: A safe work environment can lead to better mental health, less anxiety,
and stress for employees.
 Increase productivity: When workers feel safe and secure, they are more likely to be productive
and efficient in their jobs.
 Reduce absenteeism: Operations won't run smoothly if an employee isn't on the job because they
are recovering from an injury.
 Identify and remove hazards: Employers should identify and remove all potential hazards from the
workplace.

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  Train employees: Properly trained and engaged employees are the number one defense against
injuries and illness.
 Report unsafe conditions: It's important for workers to be aware of unsafe conditions in the
workplace and know how to report them.
 Promote corporate responsibility: Health, safety, and security programs can promote corporate
responsibility.

3. List out the various workplace safety hazards.

Answer:
Some common workplace safety hazards include:
 Chemical hazards: Exposure to chemicals can cause skin and eye irritation, breathing problems,
nausea, and vomiting. Employees should be trained on how to safely use chemicals and first aid in
case of an emergency.
 Ergonomic hazards: These hazards are caused by the design of the workstation and tools, and can
include fatigue, injury, discomfort, and pain.
 Physical hazards: These hazards can injure workers with or without contact, and include exposure
to extreme temperatures, loud noise, radiation, and spending hours in the sun.
 Biological hazards: These hazards can come from working with people, infectious animals, or plant
materials, and can include bacteria, viruses, insect bites, and animal droppings.
 Safety hazards: These hazards include slips, trips, falls, operating dangerous machinery, and
electrical hazards.
 Fire: Fires can cause serious injuries and death, and can also damage property and destroy
worksites.
 Psychosocial hazards: These hazards include the threat of workplace violence, and the presence of
high levels of negative stress on the job.

4. List out the potential sources of hazards in an organisation.

Answer:
Some potential sources of hazards in an organization include:
 Chemical hazards: These are substances that can cause health effects or harm, such as toxic gases,
radioactive materials, and dangerous chemicals. They are most common in industries like
construction, healthcare, cleaning, and manufacturing.
 Biological hazards: These come from working with people, plant materials, or infectious animals.
Examples include insect bites, animal droppings, bacteria, and viruses.
 Ergonomic hazards: These are caused by physical factors, such as the type of work, body positions,
and working conditions that can strain the body. Many ergonomic hazards can lead to
musculoskeletal injuries over time.
 Physical hazards: These are potential sources of harm or danger that are directly related to the
physical environment of a workplace. Examples include poor indoor air quality, hazardous
materials, and poor ergonomics.
 Psychosocial hazards: These are aspects of the work environment that negatively affect the mental
and emotional wellbeing of employees. Examples include workplace bullying, harassment,
excessive workload, and job insecurity.

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  Work organization hazards: These include lack of respect, lack of control, workplace violence,
workload demands, discrimination, and harassment.

5. List some of the IT workplace hazards.

Answer:
IT professionals can face a number of hazards in the workplace, including:
 Ergonomic injuries: Sitting at a computer for long periods can lead to strains and other posture
injuries.
 Eye strain and headaches: These can be caused by working with computers.
 Stress and anxiety: IT professionals may experience stress and anxiety in their jobs.
 Repetitive strain injury: This can be a hazard for IT professionals.
 Exposure to electromagnetic fields: IT professionals may be exposed to electromagnetic fields in
their work.
 Cyberbullying and harassment: IT professionals may experience cyberbullying and harassment in
their jobs.
 Work-life balance challenges: IT professionals may face challenges with work-life balance.

6. What are the examples of potential hazards?

Answer:
Potential hazards can be found in various environments, including workplaces, homes, and public
spaces. Here are some common examples:

1. Physical Hazards
 Slips, Trips, and Falls: Wet floors, uneven surfaces, or cluttered walkways.
 Machinery: Moving parts or equipment that can cause injury.
 Noise: Excessive noise levels leading to hearing loss.

2. Chemical Hazards
 Toxic Substances: Exposure to harmful chemicals such as pesticides, solvents, or heavy metals.
 Flammable Materials: Liquids or gases that can ignite easily.
 Corrosive Agents: Chemicals that can damage skin or materials upon contact.

3. Biological Hazards
 Bacteria and Viruses: Pathogens that can cause infections or illnesses.
 Mold and Fungi: Can cause respiratory issues or allergic reactions.
 Insects and Animals: Bites or stings from pests and wildlife.

4. Ergonomic Hazards
 Poorly Designed Workstations: Leading to repetitive strain injuries or musculoskeletal disorders.
 Inadequate Lifting Techniques: Can result in back injuries.

5. Psychosocial Hazards
 Workplace Stress: High demands, lack of control, or poor support can affect mental health.
 Harassment or Bullying: Creating a hostile work environment.

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6. Environmental Hazards
 Natural Disasters: Earthquakes, floods, or hurricanes.
 Pollution: Air, water, or soil contamination affecting health.

7. Electrical Hazards
 Exposed Wiring: Risks of shock or fire.
 Overloaded Circuits: Can lead to overheating and fires.

8. Fire Hazards
 Flammable Materials: Improper storage of combustibles.
 Blocked Exits: Impeding evacuation during emergencies.

7. Describe information technology workplace hazards.

Answer:
Some hazards that can occur in an information technology workplace include:
 Ergonomic hazards: Poorly designed workstations, repetitive motions, manual handling, and long
hours without breaks can lead to discomfort, strain, or injury.
 Psychosocial hazards: New technologies like artificial intelligence and wearable sensors can
increase micromanagement, performance pressure, competitiveness, social isolation, and
decreased privacy and trust.
 Eye strain and headaches: These can be caused by working with computers.
 Musculoskeletal disorders: These can be caused by working with computers.
 Stress and anxiety: These can be caused by working in an information technology workplace.
 Sleep disruption: This can be caused by working in an information technology workplace.
 Repetitive strain injury: This can be caused by working with computers.
 Exposure to electromagnetic fields: This can be a hazard in an information technology workplace.
 Job insecurity: This can be a hazard in an information technology workplace.
 Cyberbullying and harassment: This can be a hazard in an information technology workplace.
 Work-life balance challenges: These can be a hazard in an information technology workplace.

8. What are the workplace safety rules?

Answer:
Workplace safety rules include:
 Using equipment correctly: Use tools and machines properly, and ensure emergency exits are clear
and accessible.
 Wearing safety equipment: Wear the correct personal protective equipment (PPE), such as
clothing, helmets, and goggles, to protect against hazards like chemicals, electricity, and heat.
 Reporting hazards: Report any unsafe conditions or practices, such as faulty equipment, to your
supervisor.
 Maintaining a clean workplace: Keep your work area clean and free of junk piles to reduce the risk
of slips and falls.
 Taking breaks: Take regular breaks to allow your body and mind to recover so you can work more
safely.
 Maintaining proper posture: Maintain proper posture when sitting or lifting heavy loads to protect
your back and neck.
4|Page
  Staying updated: Stay updated on new safety procedures.
 Reducing stress: Take steps to reduce stress in the workplace.

9. List out different safety guidelines?

Answer:
Here are some safety guidelines you can follow:
 Wear personal protective equipment (PPE): PPE is assigned to protect workers from injury or
illness. Make sure the PPE is in good working order and fits you.
 Report unsafe conditions: If you see an unsafe condition or practice, report it so that it can be
addressed.
 Take breaks: Regular breaks allow your body to rest and you to return to your task more focused.
 Maintain correct posture: Use correct posture to protect your back, especially if you sit at a desk.
 Be aware of your surroundings: Be aware of your surroundings and avoid speeding or taking turns
at high speeds.
 Use the right tools for the job: Use the right tools for the job and put them away after each use.
 Follow safety rules: Follow safety rules and protocols.
 Conduct regular safety audits: Conduct regular safety audits and keep track of incidents.
 Prepare for emergencies: Be prepared for emergencies, including evacuation and first aid.
 Empower safety committees: Empower safety committees and provide continuous safety training.

10. Describe type of emergency with example.

Answer:
There are many types of emergencies, including natural, technological, and human-caused emergencies.
An emergency is a serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation that requires immediate action.
Some examples include:
 Natural emergencies: Severe weather, such as tornadoes, thunderstorms, and hail
 Technological emergencies: Fires, hazardous materials accidents, and fuel and chemical spills
 Human-caused emergencies: Acts of terrorism, public health emergencies, and animal diseases
 Medical emergencies: A heart attack, a stroke, or other serious medical conditions
 Other emergencies: Lost child, Alzheimer family member, bomb threats, suspicious packages, and
evacuations

5|Page
Workplace Quality Measures

1. What causes the water pollution?

Answer:
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, reservoirs,
and groundwater, by contaminants. The main causes of water pollution are human activities, such as:
 Global warming.
 Deforestation.
 Industry, agriculture and livestock farming.
 Rubbish and faecal water dumping.
 Maritime traffic.
 Fuel spillages.

2. What is occupational overuse syndrome?

Answer:
Occupational overuse syndrome (OOS), also known as repetitive strain injury (RSI), is a general term for a
group of conditions that cause pain or discomfort in muscles, tendons, nerves, joints, or soft tissues. OOS is
often caused by repetitive movements, awkward postures, or sustained or constrained postures. It can
also be aggravated by stress in the workplace.
Common symptoms of OOS include:
pain, swelling, weakness in the affected joints, stiffness, and headaches.

3. What are musculoskeletal problems?

Answer:
This problem include different areas of your body, such as neck, back, chests, arms shoulders and feet. It
occurs because of your wrong posture, uncomfortable chair for sitting that is not ergonomically correct
while working on the computer.

4. What cautions to be taken while working on the computer?

Answer:
Here are some precautions to take while working on a computer:
 Protect your eyes: Don't sit too close to the screen, and lower the brightness if you're working in a
dark room.
 Protect your files: Use a UPS to protect your files from damage caused by power cuts.
 Protect your computer: Download software from trusted websites, and be careful of “bundling” of
unwanted programs with legitimate software.
 Protect your privacy: When using a public computer, don't save your login information, and don't
leave the computer unattended with sensitive information on the screen.
 Protect your computer's internal components: Make sure the computer is turned off and
unplugged before working on its internal components. Handle the components with care to avoid
damage.
 Protect yourself from viruses: Keep antivirus software installed on your computer to scan for
viruses and malware.

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5. Why there is no right way to use a laptop?
Answer:
There is no right way to use a laptop because laptops are excluded from current ergonomic design
requirements. However, there are some tips you can follow to use your laptop more ergonomically:
 Use a solid, flat surface: Avoid using your laptop on your lap, which can cause overheating and
damage internal parts.
 Raise the screen: Position your laptop screen at eye level so you don't have to bend or rotate your
neck.
 Use an external keyboard and mouse: This can help you maintain good posture and reduce strain
on your hands and wrists.
 Take breaks: Set a reminder to take a short break every 30 minutes or so.
 Use a cooling pad: A cooling pad can help manage your laptop's temperature.
 Clean the vents: Regularly clean the vents to prevent heat buildup.
 Upgrade your screen: Make sure your screen is big enough for your needs.
 Avoid balancing your laptop with one hand: Carrying your laptop with one hand can cause strain
on your body.

6. What causes eye strain and how to avoid it?

Answer:
Eye strain is caused by prolonged use of your eyes, such as when you're reading, driving, or using a
computer.
 Bright lights: Bright lights, glare, or sunlight can strain your eyes.
 Dry eyes: Dry eyes can lead to eye strain.
 Stress: Stress can cause pressure on the eyes and blurred vision.
 Dehydration: Dehydration can lead to dry eyes, which can cause eye strain.
To avoid eye strain, you can try these tips:
 Take breaks: Take breaks from activities that require a lot of eye focus, such as reading or using a
computer.
 Adjust your lighting: Adjust the lighting so that it's not too bright or glaring. You can also try using
an adjustable desk lamp.
 Use the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something that's about 20 feet away for 20
seconds.
 Blink: Blinking redistributes tears that smooth the surface of your cornea and sharpen your vision.

7. What type of display screen is suitable to work on computer?

Answer:
The best type of display screen for a computer depends on the type of work you'll be doing, the resolution
you need, and the size of the monitor:
 Resolution: The standard resolution for office work is Full HD, or 1920 x 1080 pixels. For more
advanced tasks, like working with graphics or video, you may need a higher resolution, such as 4K
(3840 x 2160 pixels).
 Monitor size: For everyday tasks, a 22–24 inch monitor is compact and suitable for most desks. A
24–27 inch monitor is a comfortable size for extended use, while a 27–32 inch monitor is ideal for
multitasking.

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  Display technology: Liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors are the most common type of monitor
and are affordable, energy-efficient, and provide good image quality. LED monitors, especially
those with full-array backlighting, may offer better picture quality than LCD monitors. IPS panels
are recommended for home office work because they offer a good balance of color reproduction
and viewing angle stability.

8. What type of keyboard is suitable to work on computer?

Answer:
There are several types of keyboards that are suitable for working on a computer, including ergonomic
keyboards, membrane keyboards, and QWERTY keyboards:
 Ergonomic keyboards: These keyboards are comfortable to type on and can keep your hands in a
more natural position.
 Membrane keyboards: These keyboards have a simple design with fewer moving parts, making
them suitable for people who travel with their computers.
 QWERTY keyboards: These keyboards are a good choice for basic operations and functions, and
come with a range of shortcuts.

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Prevent Accidents and Emergencies

1. What is a workplace emergency?

Answer:
A workplace emergency is an unforeseen situation that can threaten the safety of employees, customers,
or the public, or cause damage to the workplace or environment:
Examples:
Chemical spills, gas leaks, electrical hazards, machinery malfunctions, fire, and biological and nuclear
incidents
Impact:
Workplace emergencies can disrupt or shut down operations, or cause physical or environmental damage

2. How do you protect yourself, your employees, and your business?

Answer:
There is no hard rule that can provide 100% protection. However, we have to be careful from the process
of hiring itself by carefully verifying the documents, past experience and signing Non -disclosure
Agreements with limits to access to information and equipment, with every employee. The activities of
employees should be monitored regularly and sometimes randomly during tea breaks, lunch. Advise
employees for using very strong password with unique combinations. Backup is also a very useful
technique to handle the customer database, as it will not be possible to delete the entire database.
Consequences should be clearly mentioned in Employment letters, Non-disclosure agreements as to
lesser the instances of malafide intentions.

3. What is an emergency action plan?

Answer:
An Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is a written document that outlines the steps to take in the event of an
emergency. It's an essential component of an organization's safety procedures. An EAP can help reduce
employee injuries, property damage, and ensure the safety of visitors
Here are some things that an EAP might include:
 Evacuation plans: Consider different locations and situations, and include exit routes and
designated safe areas
 Emergency reporting: Include procedures for reporting emergencies, and building-specific
information
 Fire extinguisher instructions: Include types of fire extinguishers and instructions for use
 Shelter in place procedures: Include procedures for sheltering in place
 Emergency communications: Include emergency communications procedures
 Contact details: Include contact details for people to contact in case of an emergency
 Post-incident plans: Include plans for what to do after an incident
 Rescue and medical duties: Include rescue and medical duties for employees, and names or job
titles of people to contact for more information

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4. What should your emergency action plan include?
Answer:
An emergency action plan (EAP) should include:
 Evacuation plans: Include multiple escape routes and backup aids, and designate a meeting place
for employees to gather after evacuation.
 Emergency reporting: Outline how to report emergencies, and where and how to notify others.
 Communication: Real-time collaboration helps emergency personnel respond faster and with the
most accurate information.
 Contact details: Include who to contact in case of an emergency.
 Emergency procedures: Include how to safely evacuate employees, and how to extinguish a fire as
soon as possible.
 Plans for after an incident: Include what to do after an incident.
 Procedures for employees who remain: Include procedures for employees who remain to operate
critical operations before evacuating.
 Safety areas: Include safety areas, and security and law enforcement information.
 Local hospitals: Include information on local hospitals.

5. How do you develop an evacuation policy and procedures?

Answer:
To develop an evacuation policy and procedures, you can consider the following:
 Identify exits: Designate primary and secondary exits, and indicate wheelchair accessible exits.
Avoid using elevators to reach emergency exits, and don't have emergency exits in restrooms or
narrow passages.
 Designate an assembly area: Designate a place for people to meet after an evacuation.
 Plan for special needs: Consider the needs of people with disabilities, medical problems, or who
are elderly.
 Prepare for pets: Include routes, transportation needs, and a host site for pets.
 Have a system for emergency notifications: Ensure the workplace has a system for receiving
emergency notifications from local and national authorities.
 Test the plan: Conduct practice evacuation drills to help employees become familiar with the plan.
After each drill, evaluate the plan's effectiveness and make improvements.
 Update the plan regularly: Review the plan and update it when there are changes to the facility,
equipment, or processes.
 Provide go bags: Provide employees with go bags that contain a light snack, water, flashlight, and
whistle.
 Have a plan for employees who stay behind: Designate who will remain to shut down critical
operations or perform other duties.
 Have contact information: Have emergency contact information for employees, including their
home phone number, next of kin, and medical information.

10 | P a g e
 Unit 1: Communication Skills
A. Multiple choice questions
1. Which of the following is NOT an element of communication within the communication process cycle?
(a) Channel (b) Receiver (c) Sender (d) Time

2. You need to apply leave at work? Which method of communication will you use?
(a) e-mail (b) Poster (c) Newsletter (d) Blog

3. By which action can senders send their messages?

(a) Gestures (b) Speaking (c) Reading (d) Writing

4. Which of the following is an example of oral communication?

(a) Newspapers (b) Letters (c) Phone call (d) e-mail

5. What are the types of words we should use for verbal communication?
(a) Acronyms (b) Simple (c) Technical (d) Jargons

6. Why do we use e-mails?

(a) To communicate with many people at the same time. (b) To share documents and files.
(c) To talk to each other in real-time. (d) To keep a record of communication.

7. Which of these is a positive (good) facial expression?

(a) Frowning while concentrating (b) Maintaining eye contact
(c) Smiling continuously (d) Rolling up your eyes

8. What does an upright (straight) body posture convey or show?

(a) Pride (b) Professionalism (c) Confidence (d) Humility

9. Which of these is NOT an appropriate non-verbal communication at work?

(a) Keeping hands in pockets while talking (b) Talking at moderate speed
(c) Sitting straight (d) Tilting head a bit to listen

10. Which of the following statement is true about communication?

(a) 50% of our communication is non-verbal
(b) 20% communication is done using body movements, face, arms, etc.
(c) 5% communication is done using voice, tone, pauses, etc.
(d) 7% communication is done using words

11. Which of these are examples of positive feedback?

(a) Excellent, your work has improved.
(b) I noticed your dedication towards the project.
(c) You are always doing it the wrong way.
(d) All of the above

1|Page
12. Which of these are examples of negative feedback?
(a) I hate to tell you this but your drawing skills are poor. (b) You can surely improve your drawing.
(c) This is a good drawing but you can do better. (d) None of the above

13. Which of the following are effective components of a good feedback?

(a) Detailed and time consuming (b) Direct and honest (c) Specific (d) Opinion-based

14. Which of these is NOT a common communication barrier?

(a) Linguistic barrier (b) Interpersonal barrier
(c) Financial barrier (d) Organisational barrier

15. Which of these are ways to overcome communication barriers?

(a) Respecting each other’s differences (b) Using a translator
(c) Not communicating at all (d) Using your own language for comfort

16. In which of the following, the underlined word is an adjective?

(a) Radha has a red dress. (b) I can speak French.
(c) The Girl on the Train is a best-seller. (d) Abdul can swim fast.

17. Which of these sentences is capitalised correctly?

(a) Ravi and i are going to the movies. (b) Salim is visiting India in july.
(c) The Tiger is a strong animal. (d) She is arriving on Monday.

18. Which of these sentences are punctuated correctly?

(a) When is the party. (b) I had bread omelette and a Banana for breakfast.
(c) I am so excited about my first foreign trip! (d) This is Abdul’s notebook.

19. In which of these sentences can you find an adverb?

(a) Divya drinks milk every day. (b) Sanjay gifted me a new pen.
(c) I opened the door lock. (d) Sita is 5-feet tall.

20. Identify the object, verb and subject in the sentence, ‘The car crashed into a tree.’
(a) Object: a tree; Verb: crashed; Subject: the car
(b) Object: The car; Verb: crashed; Subject: a tree
(c) Object: crashed; Verb: the tree; Subject: the car
(d) Object: crashed; Verb: the car; Subject: the tree

21. Identify the indirect object in the sentence, ‘The band played music for the audience.’
(a) The band (b) played (c) music (d) audience

22. Which of these is an imperative sentence?

(a) Switch off the fan. (b) Sheila has gone to the market.
(c) Where are my pen colours? (d) Oh no! I missed my flight.

2|Page
23. Which of these sentences is in active voice?
(a) A movie is being watched by them. (b) The car was repaired by Raju.
(c) He is reading a book. (d) The thief was being chased by a policeman.

Self-management Skills
A. Multiple choice questions

1. What makes you complete work or studies without others cheering you?
(a) Self-confidence (b) Communication (c) Self-motivation (d) Self-esteem

2. Which of the following are types of motivation?

(a) Internal (b) Intermediate (c) External (d) Extensive

3. Ravi works hard to get the best student award at the end of year. What type of motivation is this?
(a) Internal (b) External
(c) Both internal and external (d) Not any specific type of motivation

Information and Communication Technology Skills

A. Multiple choice questions

1. Which of the following functions is not performed using a mouse?

(a) Turn on (b) Hover (c) Right click (d) Drag and Drop

2. What is the term used when you press and hold the left mouse key and move the mouse around?
(a) Highlighting (b) Dragging (c) Selecting (d) Moving

3. Here are the steps that take place when starting a computer. Rearrange the steps in the correct order.
(a) Desktop appears after login (b) Login screen appears
(c) Power on Self-Test (POST) starts (d) Operating system starts
(e) Welcome screen appears

Answer:
(c) Power on Self-Test (POST) starts
(d) Operating system starts
(e) Welcome screen appears
(b) Login screen appears
(a) Desktop appears after login

4. Which one of the following shortcut keys is used to paste a file?

(a) Ctrl + c (b) Ctrl + p (c) Ctrl + v (d) Ctrl + x

3|Page
5. Which of the following is a valid file extension for Notepad file?
(a) .jpg (b) .doc (c) .text (d) .txt

6. What keys do you use to copy something?

(a) Ctrl+x (b) Ctrl+c (c) Ctrl+z (d) Ctrl+y

7. What happens if you leave a device plugged in even after it is charged 100%?
(a) It can break. (b) It can stop functioning.
(c) It can over-heat. (d) Data can get corrupt.

8. How can an anti-virus protect your device?

(a) It can protect it from over-heating. (b) It can increase its performance.
(c) It can prevent data from getting corrupt. (d) It can backup data.

9. Which option is not required to keep a device cool?

(a) Keep the device unplugged when in use. (b) Do not cover a laptop with a blanket.
(c) Make sure computer’s CPU fan is working. (d) Avoid leaving the device in the sun.

10. Which of the following is essential for maintaining keyboard?

(a) Turn the keyboard upside down and shake it to remove foreign material.
(b) Blow dust and other particles with help of a blower.
(c) Use a very dilute combination of soap and water applied with a non-abrasive cloth to remove
stains from the keycaps.
(d) All of the above.

11. What should you do to ensure secure online transactions?

(a) Lock your computer (b) Give credit card or bank details only on safe websites
(c) Use anti-virus (d) Do not use pirated software

12. Which of the following trap small children into inappropriate relations?
(a) Online predators (b) Worms (c) Trojan Horse (d) Anti-Virus

13. What should a strong password consist of?

(a) Only letters (b) Numbers and special characters
(c) Name of a person (d) Letters, numbers and special characters

4|Page
 Entrepreneurial Skills
1. Ravi’s customer comes to his store and starts shouting at him. He does not get angry.
He listens to what his customer is saying. He is ____________.
(a) hardworking (b) confident (c) patient (d) prying new ideas

2. Susheela decides to sell her company tyres in Sri Lanka. It does not sell and she has a loss.
She apologises to the people who work for her. She says she will plan better next time. She _____.
(a) takes responsibility for your mistakes (b) thinks before making a decision
(c) does not give up (d) is creative

3. Ali has a diamond factory. He pays his employees on the 1st of every month.
(a) Creates a new product (b) Manages the business (c) Takes risk

4. Mary buys bulbs for her business from Noida. She learns that bulbs are cheaper in Faridabad.
So, she decides to start buying bulbs from there.
(a) Makes decisions (b) Divides income (c) Takes risk

5. Rehnuma has two people who work for her. Every day, she spends one hour with them to learn about
what they’ve done that day.
(a) Creates a new product (b) Divides income (c) Manages the business

Green Skills

A. Multiple choice questions

1. How many sustainable development goals are given by the United Nations?
(a) 18 (b) 17 (c) 15 (d) 20

2. Choose the option which defines sustainable development.

(a) Taking care of future generations (b) Taking care of only ourselves
(c) Taking care of ourselves and the future generations (d) Well-being of all

3. Which organisation has made the Sustainable Development Goals.

(a) United Nations (b) League of Nations (c) UNICEF (d) World Health Organisation

1. Which of the following sources of energy is from a renewable source?

(a) Solar energy (b) Wood (c) Coals (d) Petrol

2. Choose the option which is not a sustainable development goal according to United Nations.
(a) Clean Water and Sanitation (b) Gender Equality
(c) Population (d) Reduced Inequalities

5|Page
 Sample Question Paper
Part B – Unit 1
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which one is not the tab of the insert/index Table window of Writer Document?
[ d ]
a. Page Style b. Character Style
c. Cell Style d. Paragraph Style
2. In the custom styles, each __________ field on the Structure line represents a blank space
in a document. [ a ]
a. Black b. White c. Yellow d. Blue
3. Saurabh has made an advertisement in Digital Document. He is facing difficulty in
positioning the images within the text. Suggest him how he can adjust the image?
[ a ]
a. Wrap Text b. Crop c. Alignment d. Layout
4. Which of the following is NOT true about template? [ c ]
a. The styles and formatting features can be reused.
b. LibreOffice provides online templates.
c. We cannot create our own templates.
d. None of the above.
5. To increases the contrast of an image, ____________ option is used in a document.
[ b ]
a. Smooth b. Sharpen c. Aging d. Mosaic
6. What is a style in LibreOffice Writer? [ b ]
a. A method of typing
b. A collection of all formatting information
c. A spell – check feature
d. A tool for drawing shapes
7. Which of the following is true about Track Changes feature of Writer? [ b ]
a. You cannot record a change made in the document.
b. A comment of a particular author only can be deleted.
c. Any change made to the document is permanent.
d. None of the above
 8. Which of the following is the shortcut key to open the Templates dialog box? [ b ]
a. Ctrl+Alt+N b. Ctrl+Shift+N
b. Ctrl+Alt+T d. Shift+Alt+T
9. Which style category would you use to format a section containing text, graphics, and lists?
[ d ]
a. Character Style b. Page Style
c. Numbering Style d. Frame Style
10. It is a reference point for the graphics which is created while positioning any image. This
point could be the page, or frame where the object is either a paragraph, or even a character
in a word processor. [ b ]
a. Wrap Text b. Anchoring
c. Alignment d. Book Mark
11. Mehul has inserted images in his document report “Travel My State” to make it more
descriptive. Some extra part that needs to be removed. Which of the following option is
suitable to do the task?
a. Resize b. Crop c. Recolor d. Rotate
12. Suresh has been assigned a task to create multiple documents such that the first page of
every document contains the and logo in a particular style. Which feature of word
processor can be used to complete the task quickly? [ c ]
a. Cell Styles b. Image
c. Templates d. Table of Contents
13. Writer’s ____________________ feature lets you build an automated index from the
headings in your document. [ c ]
a. Header b. Styles
c. Table of Contents d. Template
14. To protect the table of contents from being changed accidentally, check the _________
check box. [ a ]
a. Protected against manual changes
b. Allow only manual changes
c. Manual Changes
d. Password
15. In a word processor, ____________ option is selected for a scaled resizing of an image.
[ b ]
a. Original Size b. Keep Ratio
c. Image Size d. Relative
16. It is a reference point for the graphics which is created while positioning any image. This
point could be the page, or frame where the object is either a paragraph, or even a
character in a word processor. [ c ]
a. Wrap Text b. Alignment
c. Anchoring d. Bookmark
17. In a word processor, by default, evaluates ________ levels of headings when it builds the
table of contents. [ c ]
a. 3 b. 7 c. 10 d. 12
18. A ____ is a model that you use to create other documents. [ b ]
a. Styles b. Template c. Wizard d. Sample

Subjective Type Questions

Answer the following in 20 – 30 words
1. What do you understand by Anchoring in Word Processor?
A. Anchoring refers to the reference point for the graphics. This point could be the page, or
frame where the object is, paragraph, or even a character. An image always has an anchor
point.
2. Explain the different text wrapping options in Writer.
A. Wrapping text around images are the settings to make a relation between the text and
the graphic. Several options are:
No Wrap: It is used when the text is to be placed above and below the image but not to
either side of it.
Wrap Left: This option is used if you want your image to be on the right side and text on
the left side.
Wrap Right: This option is used if you want your image to be on the left side and text on
the right side.
Parallel or Page Wrap: In this option the text flows around the image. The text is
rearranged to fill the space to the left and right of image.
Optimal Page Wrap: Optimal Page Wrap prevents text from being placed to the side of
 the image if the spacing between the image and the margin is less than 2cm.
Wrap Through: It superimposes the image on the text. The image is in front of the text
preferably image to be transparent or watermark.
3. Describe the steps to create a custom style named 'myStyle1' using drag-and-drop.

A. Following steps for Creating a Custom Style Named 'myStyle1' Using Drag-and-Drop:

i. Open the Styles and Formatting sidebar in LibreOffice Writer.

ii. Right-click on an existing style that is similar to the desired 'myStyle1' or start with

the default style.

iii. Modify the formatting (e.g., font, size, color) using the toolbar or sidebar options.

iv. Drag and drop the modified style onto the Styles and Formatting sidebar under the

'Custom Styles' section to create 'myStyle1'.

4. State any two purposes of using Templates in a word document.

A. The purpose of using templates is:

i. To save the time.

ii. It is a predesigned document you can use to create documents quickly without having to
think about formatting.

5. What is the utility of text wrapping in a document?

A. Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to the surrounding text, which may wrap
around the graphic on one or both sides, be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic,
or treat the graphic as a separate paragraph or character.
6. What are document templates? State the purpose of using document templates.
A. Templates or document templates refer to as a sample fill in the blank document that can
open help in saving time. Usually templates are customized documents that may have
sample content, themes etc.,. For example, if you want to create a resume you can use a
resume template and modify only the sections that require changes.
7. What do you understand by style?
A. Style is a set of named formatting characteristics that you can apply on different text
components of a word processor such as table, paragraphs, lists etc. Usually a word
 processor has following types of styles: Paragraph Style, Character Style, Frame Style, Page
Style, List Style, Table Style.

Answer the following in 50 – 80 words

1. Explain the following terms with respect to positioning the graphics in a document.
(a) Arrangement
(b) Text Wrapping
A. Arrangement refers to the placement of a graphic on an imaginary vertical axis. It controls
how graphics are stacked upon each other or relative to the text.
Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to surrounding text which may wraparound
the graphic on one or both sides or be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic.
2. List two advantages of adding an image link to a document rather than adding the image
itself.
A. (1) Reduced File Size: Linking to an image rather than embedding it keeps the document's
file size smaller, making it easier to share and faster to open.
(2) Easier Updates: If the image needs to be updated or changed, you only need numerous
images. This is useful for both local storage and cloud storage solutions..

3. Briefly explain the color modes used in Writer?

a. Default
b. Greyscale
c. Black/White
d. Watermark
A. (A) Default: This colour mode displays the image in original colours.
(B) Grayscale: This colour mode displays the image in shades of grey only.
(C) Black/White: This colour mode displays the image in only two colours i.e. Black and
White.
(D) Watermark: This colour mode displays the image completely transparent, so that the
other objects are clearly visible over it.
8. Imagine you are preparing a series of school reports that need to include your school's
logo, a picture of your project, and a standard footer with your name and class. Instead of
adding and formatting these elements individually in each report, you use LibreOffice
Writer templates to simplify this process.
a) How can we apply the template from the available template list?
 b) When is exporting of templates useful?
A. a) 1. Go to File > Templates > Manage Templates.
2. In the Templates dialog box, you will see a list of available templates.
3. Select the desired template, (say T1) and click Open button. The new document (with
name as Untitled) will be opened with the same content, appearance and formatting
effects as the saved template
4. Make the desired changes and save the file.
b) Exporting templates is useful when you want to:
1. Share Templates: Exporting allows you to share templates with colleagues or others
who may need to use the same document formats, styles, or layouts.
2. Backup Templates: Creating backups of templates ensures you have copies in case of
software updates, changes, or data loss.
3. Transfer Templates: Exporting templates allows you to transfer them between different
computers or installations of LibreOffice, ensuring consistency across multiple devices or
users.
9. What is Track Change?
A. Track Changes is a powerful tool that makes the process of commenting, editing and reviewing of a
document easy between multiple users. A document created by one user need to be reviewed and
edited by self or other users. If any modifications are made in the document directly, the original
document might get lost. Instead, the Track Changes feature of Writer offers an alternative method to
keep a record of all the changes made in the original document. All the changes that are recorded can
be either accepted or rejected by the original author. Furthermore, the Track Changes feature also
gives us the option to add comments while reviewing a document.
10. What are the various buttons present on Track Changes Toolbar?
A. The various buttons present on the Track Changes toolbar are View Track Changes, Record Track
Changes, Previous Track Changes/Next Track Changes, Accept/Accept All Track Changes, Reject/Reject
All Track Changes, Manage Track Changes, Insert Comment.
11. How do we prepare a document for review?
A. We can prepare a document for review by using Track changes feature. Track changes feature is used
when a document is shared with one or more users for review or editing purposes. So, before the
document is shared, one shared make sure that the changes made should be recorded. This will ensure
that after the review is done, the original author of the document has the option to accept or reject
the changes made.
12. How to Record changes in Writer?
A. Once the Track Changes features is ON, the reviewers can begin recording the changes in the
document. For that, click Edit  Track Changes  Record option.
13. How to Accept and Reject changes in Writer?
A. Once the changes are made by all the reviewers, the original author may accept or reject them. To
accept or reject a change, click on the change made and then select Accept Track Change / Reject
Track Change button.
14. How to add Comments in Writer?
A. To add comments, Click Insert Comment button on the Track Changes toolbar. A comment box will be
inserted on the right side of the window.
15. How to Compare documents in Writer?
A. To Compare documents, Select Edit  Track Changes  Compare Documents option. Alternatively,
click Compare Non-Tracked Changed Document from the toolbar.
 Sample Question Papers
Part B – Unit 2 (Electronic Spreadsheets)
Multiple Choice Questions
1. __________is specifically designed to minimize or maximize the result according to a
set of rules that you define in a spreadsheet.
[ c ]
a. Goal Seek b. Scenario
c. Solver d. Subtotal
2. Formulas in a Spreadsheet must begin with a __________ sign.
[ d ]
a. $ b. @
c. # d. =
3. ___________ is a tool to test “what-if” questions.
[ a ]
a. Scenario b. Solver
c. Macro d. Average
4. Rohit scored 25 out of 30 in English, 22 out of 30 in Math’s. He wants to calculate the
score in IT he needs to achieve 85 percent in aggregate. Suggest him the suitable option
out of the following to do so.
[ c ]
a. Macro b. Solver
c. Goal Seek d. Sub Total
5. Rama and two of her friends are doing survey of gender wise employment rates of their
locality as a school project using Spreadsheet. They all want to work simultaneously to
complete it on time. What option they should use to access the same Spreadsheet to
speed up their work.
[ b ]
a. Consolidated Worksheet b. Shared Worksheet
c. Link Worksheet d. Lock Worksheet
6. Spreadsheet software can find the changes by ___________ sheets. [ b ]
a. Changing b. Comparing
c. Renaming d. Editing
7. ____________ can help to clarify the relation between cells while using
“Multiple Operations”. [ b ]
a. Detective b. Solver
c. Navigation d. Hyperlink
8. At the bottom of each worksheet, left tab indicates the ____________ of the
Worksheet in a workbook. [ c ]
a. Size b. 3 Type
c. Name d. Color
9. Identify the part of a Spreadsheet using which a user can manage multiple sheets.
[ b ]
a. Status Bar b. Sheet Tab
c. Formula Bar d. Worksheet Area
10. What is the extension of spreadsheet file in Calc? [ d ]
a. (.odb) b. (.odt)
c. (.odg) d. (.ods)
11. Which of the following is an invalid Macro Name? [ c ]
a. 1formatword b. format word
c. format*word d. Format word
12. Which of the following feature is used to jump to a different spreadsheet from the
current spreadsheet in LibreOffice Calc? [ b ]
a. Macro b. Hyperlink
c. connect d. Copy
13. When you open a new spreadsheet, by default, it has a sheet named ________ which
is managed using tabs at the bottom of the spreadsheet. [ a ]
a. Sheet1 b. Untitled1
c. Worksheet1 d. New Sheet
14. In a spreadsheet using to create a hyperlink to a web FTP or Telnet, click on the
__________ icon available in Hyperlink dialog box. [ b ]
a. browser b. Internet
c. hyperlink d. mail & news

15. In Calc, Arguments passed to a macro from Calc are always ___________. [ c ]
a. Cell Reference b. Both a and b
c. Value d. Sheet Reference
16. A _________ refers to a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet and can be used to find
the values or data that you want formula to calculate. [ a ]
a. Cell reference b. Block
c. Sheet Reference d. Autofill
 SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What do you mean by Sorting in a Spreadsheet?
Ans: Sorting is the process of arranging data into meaningful order so that you can analyze
it more effectively. For example, you might want to arrange sales data by calendar month
so that you can produce a graph of sales performance. (Answer in Libre Office and
OpenOffice both are acceptable.)

2. How is Goal Seek different from Solver in a Spreadsheet?

Ans: Goal seek determines what values needs to be input in a cell to achieve the described
result in a formula cell as it allows varying the value for one cell whereas Solver can solve
equations that uses several variables, so it can be used to determine what values need to
be entered in multiple-input cells to achieve the described result.

3. Amit frequently experiences slow performance on his computer when working with
large Spreadsheets and multiple applications. He notices that the system freezes and lags,
especially when switching between programs. What should Amit do to improve his
computer’s performance in handling large spreadsheets and multitasking?
Ans: If we have been using a computer for a long time we have a lot of unnecessary
files and data, such as temporary files and images. When they use too much hard-disk
space, the performance of the computer goes down. It is important that we keep cleaning
by removing any extra files. We can use some disk cleaner software, which help us clean
up the unnecessary files.

4. What is use of What-if Scenarios?

Ans: It is used to explore and compare various alternatives depending on changing
conditions. It can be used in the beginning of any project to optimise the output. This tool
is used to predict the output while changing the inputs which reflects the output and thus
one can choose the best plan of action based on it.

5. How do Merging and Comparing Spreadsheets differ in Calc?

Ans: Merging Spreadsheets: It combines data from multiple spreadsheets into a single
sheet, often consolidating or integrating information.
Comparing Spreadsheets: It involves analyzing differences between two spreadsheets,
highlighting discrepancies in data or structure.

6. What is the use of Macros in a Spreadsheet?

Ans: Macros help in saving time in cases when the same set of tasks are to be done
repeatedly like formatting or applying a similar formula in a similar range of data. It can
be used to name and record a set of actions or set of actions.
7. Mention any two operations that can be performed using Macros in a spreadsheet.
Ans: Macros are used to perform different types of operations in a Spreadsheet:
1. Formatting settings to be applied repeatedly in a spreadsheet
2. Sorting Data
3. Applying any Mathematical functions/formulas

8. What do you mean by Hyperlinks in Spreadsheets? Give the two different types of
Hyperlinks that can be used in Spreadsheets.
Ans: Hyperlinks can be used in Calc to jump to a different location from within a
spreadsheet and can lead to other parts of the current file, to different files. It can be
stored within a file as either Relative or Absolute hyperlinks.

Answer any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 50– 80 words each.

1. Explain the term ‘Scenarios’ in relation to the Spreadsheets with example.
Ans: Scenarios are a tool to test “What-if” questions. Each scenario is names and can be
edited and formatted separately. When you print the spreadsheet, only the content of
the currently active scenario is printed. A scenario is essentially a saved set of cell values
for your calculations. You can easily switch between these sets using the navigator or a
drop-down list which can be shown beside the changing cells. For example, if you wanted
to calculate the effect of different interest rates on investment, you could add a scenario
for each interest rate and quickly view the results. Formulas that rely on the values
changed by your scenario are updated when the scenario is opened. If all your sources of
income used scenarios, you could efficiently build a complex model of your possible
income.

2. Elaborate the five types of Views available in a spreadsheet.

Ans:
Normal View: The default view of the spreadsheet application is the Normal. It’s a
collection of cells arranged in the work area.
Page Layout: It is to quickly fine tune a worksheet that contains many charts or huge
amounts of data and achieve professional looking results.
Page Break Preview: This option is similar to the Page Layout option except you can set
the area that is to be set as a page after inserting page break.
Custom Views: To view selected areas of a document the custom view option can be used.
Full Screen: Selecting this option makes the workbook cover the entire screen. All tabs are
hidden from view.
3. Anshita is preparing spreadsheet notes for her Term Exam. Help her to write short
note on the following:
i. Scenarios
ii. Goal Seek
iii. Solver
iv. Subtotal
Ans: Anshita must apply Goal seek to get the desired result.
i. Scenarios: Scenarios are a tool to test “what-if” questions. Each scenario is named, and
can be edited and formatted separately. It is essentially a saved set of cell values for your
calculations. You can easily switch between these sets using the Navigator or a drop-
down list which can be shown beside the changing cells
ii. Goal Seek: It is used to calculate a result based upon existing values. Using Goal Seek
option under Tools menu, we can discover what values will produce the result that we
want.
iii. Solver: It is more elaborated form of Goal Seek. The difference is that the Solver deals
with equations with multiple unknown variables. It is specifically designed to minimize or
maximize the result according to a set of rules that we define.
iv. Subtotal: SUBTOTAL is a function listed under the Mathematical category when you use
the Function Wizard (Insert > Function). Because of its usefulness, the function has a
graphical interface. SUBTOTAL, totals/adds data arranged in an array—that is, a group of
cells with labels for columns and/or rows. Using the Subtotals dialog, you can select
arrays, and then choose a statistical function to apply to them. For efficiency, you can
choose up to three groups of arrays to which to apply a function.

4. Define the following:

a) Subtotals
b) Consolidating Data
ANSWER
a) Subtotals
Subtotal adds data arranged in an array—that is, a group of cells with labels for columns
and/or rows. It is available in Data Tab, using the Subtotals dialog, you can select arrays,
and then choose a statistical function such as Count, Min, Max etc. to be applied on
arrays. For efficiency, one must choose up to three groups of arrays to which to apply a
function.
b) Consolidating Data
Consolidate provides a graphical interface for copying data from one range of cells to
another, then running one of a dozen functions on the data. During consolidation, the
contents of cells from several sheets can be combined in one place.
5. Given the Following Spreadsheet, Write the appropriate Formula/ Expression/
Function to be used for (a) to (e)

a. Write formula to calculate the Total Qty (C4:C7)) in cell C8

Ans: =sum (C4:C7)
b. Write the feature used for arranging the Price from Highest to Lowest
Ans: Sort in ‘Sort and Filter’ group under Data tab
c. To find the Maximum Price to be written in Cell D10
Ans: = max (D4:D7)
d. To find the Average Qty to be written in cell C9
Ans: = average (C4:C7)
e. Write formula to calculate the Total Amount in cell E8
Ans: = sum (E4: E7)

6. Imagine you are a student organizing a fundraising event for your school club. You
have a spreadsheet in LibreOffice Calc that lists donations from different sponsors. Each
sponsor has contributed multiple times, and you need to summarize the total amount
donated by each sponsor.
Ans:
a) Which tool in Calc can be used to create the group automatically?
Ans: In LibreOffice Calc, the tool that can be used to create groups automatically is
Subtotals
b) Which functions can be applied to the grouped data?
Ans: The Subtotal tool in Calc creates the group automatically and applies common
functions like sum, average on the grouped data.
c) Which menu option is used to apply this Tool?
Ans: Data -----> Subtotals
d) What is purpose of e (-) or (+) signs on grouped data?
Ans: ‘+’ sign to expand and ‘–’ sign to collapse the data.
7. Explain the term ‘Scenarios’ in relation to the Spreadsheets with example.
Ans:
Scenarios are a tool to test “What-if” questions. Each scenario is names and can be edited
and formatted separately. When you print the spreadsheet, only the content of the
currently active scenario is printed. A scenario is essentially a saved set of cell values for
your calculations. You can easily switch between these sets using the navigator or a drop-
down list which can be shown beside the changing cells. For example, if you wanted to
calculate
the effect of different interest rates on investment, you could add a scenario for each
interest rate and quickly view the results. Formulas that rely on the values changed by
your scenario are updated when the scenario is opened. If all your sources of income
used scenarios, you could efficiently build a complex model of your possible income.
 Sample Question Paper
Part B – Unit 3
Multiple Choice Questions
1. It enables users to view, enter, and change data directly in database objects. [ c ]
a. Report b. Query c. Form d. Report
2. There are _______ types of Relationships in a table of a database. [ b ]
a. One b. Three c. Four d. Many
3. A Relational database uses _____________ commands which is a standard user application that
provides an easy programming interface for database interaction. [ c ]
a. Access b. Python c. SQL d. Protocol
4. When you define a field for a table, ___________ are the names given to the column in a table.
[ d ]
a. Datatype b. Field type c. Description d. Field Name
5. Suraj wants to create a database for his clients. For this purpose, he needs to store the Email IDs
of his clients. Which datatype should he use to accomplish this purpose. [ b ]
a. Numeric b. Varchar c. Binary d. Boolean
6. ________________ is used to define the structure of your tables and other objects in the
database. [ c ]
a. DML b. DCL c. DDL d. None of these
7. Geet has written a SQL query in SQL view. But he doesn’t know how to execute the query using
keyboard keys. Suggest him the shortcut key to complete the task. [ d ]
a. Enter b. Ctrl + E c. Space bar d. F5
8. Memo datatype is used ______________________. [ b ]
a. To store objects created in other programs b. For long text entries
b. To add table d. For short text entries
9. A table can have only _________ primary key in a database. [ a ]
a. One b. Two c. Three d. Many
10. Which of the following is not the binary datatypes? [ c ]
a. Varbinary b. Binary c. Charbinary d. Longvarbinary
11. The details associated with an entity are called ____________. [ b ]
a. Table b. Attributes c. Records d. Primary Key

12. The _____________ data is a combination of letters, numbers or special characters. [ d ]

a. Structured b. Unstructured
 b. Semi – Structured d. Alphanumeric
13. In a Query Design wizard, which of the following buttons is clicked to move a field from Available
fields’ list box to ‘Fields in the query‘ list box? [ a ]
a. > b. <9 c. V d. ^
14. Duplication of data is called ________________________. [ b ]
a. Consistency b. Redundancy c. Inconsistency d. Foreign Key
15. Identify the mode, where we can modify in the structure of table? [ c ]
a. Datasheet View b. Structure View
c. Design View d. All of the above
16. What is the primary purpose of a query in a database? [ c ]
a. To enter new records b. To create reports
c. To retrieve specific data d. To design forms
17. ________________ are dedicated computers that hold the actual databases and run only DBMS
and related software. [ a ]
a. Database Server b. Main Server
b. Web Server d. Non dedicated Server
18. Which of the following is NOT true about forms? [ d ]
a. It is the front end for data entry
b. It can contain text fields
c. Graphics can be inserted on the form
d. It can accept only fixed number of records
19. _________ means that the query uses criteria you provide to hide some data and display only
required data. [ a ]
a. Filtering b. Sorting c. Report d. Forms
20. Which of the following application is not appropriate to store data about ABC Bank customers?
[ b ]
a. Base b. Writer c. MS Access d. MS Excel
21. Identify the property which help to set the number of characters in text/ varchar type field of a
table in DBMS. [ d ]
a. Entry Required b. Size
b. Default Value d. Length

22. In base data can be linked between two or more tables with the help of _______. [ a ]
a. Primary Key & Foreign Key b. Primary Key
 b. Foreign Key d. None of these
23. The length of the field value of text data type is _____ characters by default in DBMS.
[ d ]
a. 10 b. 25 c. 20 d. 50
24. ______________ store data in a single table which is suitable to store less amount of data.
[ c ]
a. Single File b. Mini File c. Flat File d. Relational File
25. Identify the mode, where we can modify in the structure of table? [ b ]
a. Datasheet View b. Design View
c. Structure View d. All of the above
26. _________________ determines the range of field values. [ a ]
a. Field Size b. Field Name c. Datatype d. Description
27. __________ store data in a single table which is suitable to store less amount of Data.
[ a ]
a. Flat File b. Relational File c. Mini File d. Single File
28. Which of these can be specified while creating a report in Report Wizard? [ d ]
a. Grouping of data b. Sorting data
b. Choosing Layout d. All of these
29. ___________ database is a type of database that stores data in several tables. [ b ]
a. Flat b. Relational c. Both a & b d. None of them
30. _____________ is an interactive tool for creating forms through steps arranged on multiple
screens. [ b ]
a. Forms Tab b. Forms Wizard c. Table Wizard d. Tools Menu
31. In database _________ helps us to retrieve the filtered data based upon some conditions.
[ c ]
a. Forms b. Reports c. Queries d. Table
32. Rudraksh wants that the name column of a table must not be left blank. Help him to identify the
field property for this purpose. [ c ]
a. Length b. Default c. Entry Required d. Format
33. ___________ can be set for a field if the user doesn't provide any value while entering the values
in the table. [ b ]
a. Required b. Default c. Primary Key d. Format
34. Field is the individual sub component of one _______________. [ c ]
a. Data b. Column c. Record d. None of these
35. Aadya wants to create a connection between two or more tables. Suggest her the option to
accomplish the task. [ c ]
a. Table b. Form c. Relationships d. Sorting
36. _____________ data type takes the values in the form of 0 and 1 in the database. [ c ]
a. Integer b. Text c. Boolean d. Memo
37. ____________statement is used to retrieve records in a database. [ c ]
a. Alter b. Update c. Select d. Create
38. TIMESTAMP belongs to __________________ field type in Base. [ b ]
a. Time b. Date / Time c. Integer d. Text
39. ___________ represents a single, data item in a table. [ a ]
a. Row b. Column c. Datatype d. Primary Key
40. What is the purpose of the description column in Table Design View? [ b ]
a. To enter lookup data that the field should refer to.
b. To describe the data that should be entered in each field.
c. To define the data type applied to each field within the table.
d. None of these

Subjective Type Questions

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words.
1. Differentiate between a Primary key and Foreign key.
A. A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table, whereas a foreign key identifies a
column or set of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of column in
another (referenced. table. A table can have only Primary Key but a table can have multiple
foreign keys.
2. Describe referential Integrity.
A. Referential Integrity ensures that relationships between tables in a database remain consistent.
It means that a foreign key in one table must match a primary key in another table, or be null, to
maintain accurate and valid links between related data.
3. List Numeric and Alphanumeric Datatypes in OpenOffice Base.
A. Numeric datatypes are: TinyInt, SmallInt, Integer, BigInt, Decimal, Real, Float, Double and
Boolean.
Alphanumeric Datatypes are: Char(fix), Varchar, Varchar_ignorecase and Longvarchar(Memo)
4. How Entry Required and Default Value properties of a table field in a database are different
from each other?
A. Entry Required – if set to yes then it will be necessary for the user to insert the value in the field
which means that field cannot be left blank.
Default Value – A default value can be set for a field if user don’t provide any value while entering
the values in the table.
5. What is Referential Integrity? Explain its two(any) purposes.
A. Referential Integrity is used to maintain accuracy and consistency of data in a relationship. In
Base, data can be linked between two or more tables with the help of primary key and foreign
key constraints.
Referential integrity helps to avoid:
1. Records can be added to a related table, if there is no associated record available in the primary
key table.
2. The values can be modified in a primary if any dependent records are present in the associated
table(s).
3. Deleting records from a primary key table if there are any matching related records available
in associated table(s).
6. Identify the columns and data types of a table: Airlines. Mention at least four columns with
data type.
A. Columns Data type
Flight No Text
No.of Passengers Integer
Airlines Text
Arrival Time Date/Time
Departure Time Date/Time
Fares Float
7. Differentiate between Primary key and Foreign key.
A. A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table whereas a foreign key identifies a
column or set of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in
another (referenced) table. A table can have only one primary Key but a table can have multiple
foreign keys.
8. Differentiate between Flat File and Relational Database
A. Flat File: Data is stored in a single table. Usually suitable for less amount of data.
Relational Database: Data is stored in multiple tables and the tables are linked using a common
field. Relational is suitable for medium to large amount of data.
9. Define the following: Table, Primary Key, Foreign Key
 A. Table: A table is a collection of related data held in a table format within a database. It consists
of columns, and rows.
Primary Key A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table. For example, Student
Table contains columns such as Admno, Name, DOB, Address, Phone and Admno can be
considered as Primary Key
Foreign Key: a foreign key is a field or a column that is used to establish a link between two tables.
In simple words you can say that, a foreign key in one table used to point primary key in another
table.
10. What is DDL and DML? Give one example of each.
A. Data Definition Language (DDL): A data definition language or data description language (DDL) is
a standard for commands that define the different structures in a database. DDL statements
create, modify, and remove database objects such as tables, indexes, and users. Example CREATE,
ALTER, and DROP.
Data Manipulation Language (DML): A data manipulation language (DML) is a language that
enables users to access and manipulate data in a database. The goal is to provide efficient human
interaction with the system. For Example Insert, Update, Delete and Select
11. Define the following terms
a. Tuple
b. Foreign Key
c. DBMS
A. Tuple: A row also called a record or tuple represents a single, data item in a table
Foreign Key: The foreign key identifies a column or set of columns in one (referencing) table that
refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table.
DBMS : Database Management System is a software package with computer programs that
controls the creation, maintenance, and use of a database.

Answer the following questions in 50 – 80 words.

1. Explain with example any two commands each of DDL and DML.
A. DDL commands
CREATE: It is used to create an object like table in database.
DROP: It is used to delete database objects.
DML commands
SELECT: It is used to retrieve data from the database Table.
INSERT INTO: It is used to insert a line of new data fields into a Table.
2. Explain the term “Referential Integrity”. Why is it important in a database?
A. Referential Integrity is used to maintain the accuracy and consistency of data in a relationship. In
Base, data can be linked between two or more tables with the help of primary key and foreign
key constrains.
Referential Integrity is important in DBMS as:
• It prevents the entry of duplicate data.
• It prevents one table from pointing to a nonexistent field in another table.
• It prevents consistency between “Partnered” tables.
• It prevents the deletion of a record that contains a value referred to by a foreign key in another
table.
• It prevents the addition of a record to a table that contains a foreign key unless key unless there
is primary key in the linked table.
3. Consider the following Vendor table and write the queries for the following:
Table: DateSheet

i) Write a SQL command to display the records in ascending order by date of exam.
ii) Write a query to display the above date sheet.
iii) Write a query to display the subject name and date of the exam held on ‘Monday’
iv) Write a SQL command to display the date of exam and Sub_Name of Science Subject.
A. i) Select*from Datesheet order by DateofExam
ii) Select*from Datesheet
iii) Select Sub_Name, DateofExam from Datesheet where Days= ‘Monday’
iv) Select Sub_Name, Date of Exam from Datesheet where Sub_Name = ‘Science’
4. Consider the following table: Employee
Employee Table
Emp_id Name Salary Designation
E01 Kajal 78000 Manager
E02 Rahul 50000 Sales Executive
E03 Tarun 55000 Clerk
(a) You are tasked with designing a new employee database for your company. Based on the
given table structure, identify the fields that would be necessary to store key information about
each employee.
(b) As a database administrator, you need to ensure each employee has a unique identifier.
Which field in the table would you choose as the primary key, and why?
 (c) During a review of the employee database, you realize there could be another field apart from
the primary key that can uniquely identify a record. Identify the field and justify why it could
serve as an alternate key.
(d) You are integrating the employee table with another table that stores department details.
Explain how you would use the primary key from the employee table & a foreign key in the
department table to establish a relationship between the two tables.
Illustrate with an example.
A. a. Emp_id, Name,Salary, Designation
b. Emp_id
c. Combination of Emp_id and Name
d. Primary Key: Unique identifier for each row in a table, cannot be NULL.
Example:
Emp_id in Employees.
Foreign Key: Links to a primary key in another table, establishing relationships.
Example:
Emp_id in Orders referencing Emp_id in Employees
5. Consider the following table: Sales

1. How many fields and records are there in Sales table?

2. Write SQL commands for the following:
i. Display Sales ID and price of all products whose discount is more than 1000.
ii. Display the details alphabetically by product name.
iii. Display product name and sales price after deducting the discount from the price. Note:
Sales price can be calculated as (price-discount)
A. 1. Four fields and four records are there in table Sales.
2. SQL Commands:
i. select Sale_Id, Price from Sales where Discount > 1000;
ii. select * from Sales order by Prod_Name;
iii. select Prod_Name, Price- Discount from Sales;
6. Your friend owns a chemist shop, he needs to keep records of the medicines with their id’s, date
of purchase, expiry date, price, etc. in a database program. But he does not have any knowledge
 about the database. Explain to him the following to get a better understanding of the DBMS
concepts.
1. What is DBMS? Explain in brief.
2. Name any two database programs which can be used to create a table and store the data as
per the requirement.
3. Which field can be set as a Primary Key?
4. Is it possible to make more than one field as a primary key in your table? (Yes/No). Justify
your answer.
A. 1. A database management system is a software package with computer programs that controls
the creation, maintenance, and use of a database. It allows organizations to conveniently develop
databases for various applications.
2. Two databases are: i. Microsoft Access ii. MySQL iii. OpenOffice Base
3. Id field will be suitable for Primary Key.
4. Yes, we can make more than one column as a primary key in a table and it is known as Composite
Primary Key.
7. Consider the table: Teachers

Write SQL commands:

a. To show all the information about IT teachers.
b. To list the details of all the teachers who are getting salary between 20000 to 35000.
c. To display the subject of all the teachers whose age is more than 40 years.
d. To display the list of names of all the teachers in alphabetical order.
A. Select * from Teachers where subject = “COMPUTER”;
b. Select * from teachers where salary >= 20000 and salary <= 35000;
c. Select Subject from Teachers where age > 40;
d. Select * from Teachers order by name
8. What is DBMS? Explain any two advantages of DBMS.
A. A database management system is a software package with computer programs that controls the
creation, maintenance, and use of an integrated collection of data records, files, and other objects.
It allows organizations to conveniently develop databases for various applications.
Advantages:
i) Data integrity: means the data is accurate and consistent in the database. It is very important as
there are multiple databases in a DBMS so it helps to produce the correct result.
ii) Data sharing: In a database, the users can share the data among themselves. Data can be shared
for multiple purposes with the users located at different geographical locations then remote users
can also access the database simultaneously.
9. a) The structure of a table “ITEM” is given below. Suggest suitable data type and size of each
column.
Column name Type Size
Itemno ____________ _____________
Iname ____________ _____________
Price ____________ _____________
Quantity ____________ _____________

b) Consider the following table: ITEM

Item No Iname Price Quantity

11 Soap 40 80
22 Powder 80 30
33 Face Cream 250 25
44 Shampoo 120 100
55 Soap box 20 50
Write queries to

i. Display the total amount of each item. The amount must be calculated as the price multiplied
by quantity for each item.

ii. Display the details of items whose price is less than 50.

A. a. Itemno  integer  10
Iname  varchar  15
Price  decimal  5,2
Quantity  integer  3
b. i. Select price * quantity from item;
ii. Select * from item where price < 50;
10. (a) Write a Query to create a Table with the following structure
Table: Product
Field Datatype
PID Char(4)
Pname Varchar(20)
Description Varchar(40)
Price Decimal
(b) Consider the following Vendor table and write the queries
Table: Vendor
VendorID VName DateofRegistration Location
V001 Mother Diary 20-01-2009 Delhi
V002 Havmor 01-04-2015 Gujarat
V003 Amul 12-05-2012 Kolkata
V004 Kwality Walls 15-10-2013 Mumbai
i. Write a Query to display all records
ii. Write a Query to add a new row with the following details
(„V005‟, „Vadilal‟, „2010-03-20‟, „Pune‟)
iii. Write a query to modify the location of V003 from Kolkata to Gujrat
A. (a) Create table Product (PID Char(4), Pname Varchar(20), Description Varchar(40), Price
Decimal);
(b) (i) Select * from Vendor;
(ii) Insert into Vendor values („V005‟, „Vadilal‟, „2010-03-20‟, „Pune‟);
(iii) Update Vendor Set location= „Gujrat‟ Where location= „Kolkata‟;
11. Write command to create a table named ‘BOOK’ with following fields:
BOOK ID Char(4)
Bname Varchar(15)
Author Varchar(20)
Price Decimal
a. Identify the primary key of the ‘Book’ Table, also mention the suitable reason for choosing
it as a Primary Key
b. Differentiate between
(i) char and varchar datatype
(ii) DDL and DML
A. Create table BOOK (BOOK_ID char(4), Bname varchar(15), Author varchar(20), Price Decimal );
 (a) Book_id may be chosen as the Primary key because every book has a unique id that may be
used to identify the book.
(i) Char and Varchar
Char Varchar
Stores exactly the length specified by It Stores up to the specified length.
user in field definition.
Pads with trailing spaces for shorter No padding with extra spaces.
strings.

(ii) DDL and DML

Data Definition Language (DDL) Data Manipulation Language (DML)
A data definition language or data A data manipulation language (DML)
description language (DDL) is a standard is a language that enables users to
for commands that define the different access and manipulate data in a
structures in a database. database.

12. Write the SQL Commands to answer the queries based on Fabric Table

(a) To insert the following record: (“F005”, “Kurta”, “Woollen”,5)

(b) To display only those fabric whose disc is more than 10
(c) To display those records whose type is “Woollen”
(d) To modify the fabric shirt by increasing discount by 10
(e) To delete the record of fabric ‘F003’ from table
A. (a) insert into Fabric values (‘F005’, ‘Kurta’, ‘Woollen’,5);
(b) select * from Fabric where Disc>10;
(c) select * from Fabric where type = ‘Woollen’;
(d) update fabric set Disc =Disc + 10 where Fname = ‘Shirt’;
(e) delete from Fabric where FabricID =‘F003’;
13. Write the queries for the following table: Emp
Emp_Id Ename Salary
1 Suman 20000
2 Sanjay 32000
3 Ravi 30000
1. Display the salary of all employees after incrementing by Rs. 1000
2. Display the Employee id and salary of all the employees after decreasing by Rs. 500.
3. Display the name and salary of all the employees after incrementing it as thrice the amount
of present salary.
4. Display the Employee id, Name and salary of all the employees after decrementing it as half
the amount of present salary.
A. 1. Select Salary +1000 from Emp;
2. Select Emp_Id, Sal -1000 from Emp;
3. Select Ename, Salary * 3 from Emp;
4. Select Emp_Id, E_name, Salary/2 from Emp;
14. Write the queries for the following table: Student
Admno Name Class House
1001 Sonam 9 Blue
1002 Ravi 10 Yellow
1003 Punam 10 Green
1. Display the entire table.
2. Display the list of students whose house colour is blue.
3. Display the admission number of students whose house color is green.
4. To view records in ascending order of Admission Number.
A. 1. Select * from Student;
2. Select * from Student where House = “Blue”;
3. Select Admno from Student where House = “Yellow”;
4. Select * from Student order by AdmNo Asc;
15. Write the queries for the following table: Student
RollNo Name Class House
7001 Himanshu 8 Blue
7002 Rohit 7 Yellow
7003 Gaurav 9 Green
1. Display the records of Class 9 Students
 2. Display the class of ‘Rohit’
3. Insert the given record: 7004, “Aman”,11, “Blue”
4. Display the Roll number of students whose house color is Blue.
A. 1. Select * from Students where Class = 9;
2. Select Class from Student where Name = “Rohit”;
3. Insert into Student values(7004, “Aman”, 11, “Blue”);
4. Select RollNo from Student where House = “Blue”;
16. Write the queries for the following table: Item
Itemno IName Price Qty
12 Pen 10 17
13 Eraser 5 15
14 Notebook 15 20
1. To insert a new record of following details 15, “Pencil”, 20, 10
2. To display detail of items whose quantity is more than 10
3. To change the quantity of Item number 13 to 25
4. To display the total amount of each item. The amount must be calculated as the price
multiplied by quantity for each item
A. 1. Insert into Item values(15, “Pencil”, 20, 10);
2. Select * from Item where Qty = 10;
3. Select Item set Qty = 25 where Itemno = 13;
4. Select Price * Qty from Item;
 Sample Question Paper
Part B – Unit 4
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Do not wear ______ when working with machines. [ c ]
a. Jewellery b. Safety glasses c. Masks d. Gloves
2. Repetitive use of muscle may feel pain in your ______. [ b ]
a. Neck b. Shoulder c. Wrist d. All of the above
3. What is the primary fire emergency telephone number is? [ b ]
a. 011 b. 101 c. 108 d. 111
4. Which of the following is an example of ignition sources of open flames? [ d ]
a. Gas Ovens b. Lighters in smoking areas
c. Welding torches d. All of the above
5. The best course of action to take during a medical emergency is to _________. [ d ]
a. Begin first aid immediately
b. Activate the emergency plan for reporting injuries
c. Notify the person’s family about the situation
d. Both a and b
6. To provide health and safety working environment, every organization must have ___________.
[ b ]
a. Cleanliness b. Filtered water
c. Clean wash-room d. All of the above
7. For an organization, the proper security procedures will reduce _____________. [ a ]
a. Liabilities b. Insurance
b. Business Revenue d. Operational charges of the company
8. Which of the following is not an example of ignition sources of open flames? [ d ]
a. Gas Ovens b. Lighters in smoking
b. Welding torches d. Space heaters
9. Which action contributes to a healthy and safe working environment? [ a ]
a. Keeping emergency exits clear b. Leaving cables loose on the floor
b. Ignoring safety warnings d. Using unapproved software
10. A healthy lifestyle helps to keep and improve people’s health and well-being. It does not include:
[ d ]
a. Healthy living habits b. Stress Management
c. Physical activities d. Less Sleep
11. ___________ is the process of emptying a place in case of an emergency, disaster. [ b ]
c. Accident b. Evacuation c. Hazards d. Exiting
12. Along with the safety measures taken by the employer, the responsibility to prevent accidents
also lies with the______________. [ a ]
a. Employees b. Government of the country
c. Fire Service d. Police
13. During a fire safety drill in Anurag’s office, he learns about the acronym PASS for using a fire
extinguisher. What does PASS stand for? [ d ]
a. Safety b. First aid
b. Evacuation d. How to use fire extinguisher
14. In Mansil’s office, regular mock drills are essential for safety preparedness. Mock drills for which
two scenarios should be carried out from time to time? [ a ]
a. Fire and electric b. Fire and Fall
c. Slip, trip and fall d. Handling equipment
15. During an office safety training, Bushra learns about a device that detects grounding problems
and shuts off electricity to prevent a possible accident. What is this device? [ c ]
a. MCB b. Switch c. GFCI d. All of these

Subjective Type Questions

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words.
1. What is the importance of healthy lifestyle? Give any four points related to it.
A. A healthy lifestyle helps to keep and improve people’s health and well-being.
A healthy lifestyle includes:
(i) Healthy eating habits
(ii) Physical activities
(iii) Stress Management
(iv) Sound Sleep
2. List and explain two common safety hazards in a workplace.
A. i. Slips, Trips, and Falls: Caused by wet floors, loose cables, or cluttered walkways.
ii. Electrical Hazards: Faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, or exposed electrical components.
 iii. Manual Handling Injuries: Strains and sprains from lifting heavy objects improperly or without
assistance. (Mention any two)
3. List down any four factors causing ecological imbalance.
A. a. Destruction of forests
b. Industrialization
c. Urbanization
d. Large scale use of pesticides
e. Overgrazing
4. List two areas in which employees should be made aware and trained properly to avoid
workplace accidents.
A. Employees should be trained on how to lift and handle objects or equipment at workplace.
They should be trained for being attentive and observant toward any signs of upcoming dangers.
5. Why is there a need to check electrical wirings at regular intervals?
A. Short circuit and electrical wirings are one of the major reasons for fire. Checking electrical
installations regularly helps identify any loose connections or old wires that may lead to short
circuits.
6. What are the three methods of extinguishing fire?
A. Three methods of extinguishing fire are:
1. Cooling: Cooling the heat produced due to fire using water or sand.
2. Smothering: It is done using blank or foam extinguishers to cut off the air or oxygen from the
object that is burning.
3. Starvation: It refers to cutting off the fuel supply to restrict the fire.

Answer the following questions in 50 – 80 words.

1. Imagine you are a safety officer overseeing electrical maintenance work at a manufacturing
plant. To spread the awareness among your team you have to conduct training on safety
measures. List out electrical rescue techniques which you will discuss with them.
A. Approaching the accident:
• Never rush into an accident situation.
• Call 108 as soon as possible.
• Approach the accident place cautiously.
Examining the scene:
• Visually examine victims to determine if they are in contact with energised conductors.
• Metal surfaces, objects near the victim itself may be energised.
• Do not touch the victim or conductive surfaces while they are energised.
 • Switch off the electrical circuits if possible.
Hazards and solutions:
• Be alert for hazards, such as heated surfaces and fire.
• In case you cannot switch off the power source, take extreme care.
• Ensure that your hands and feet are dry.
• Wear protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes. Stand on a clean dry surface.
• Use non-conductive material to remove a victim from the conductor
High voltage rescue:
• Special training is required for rescues if high voltage is present.
• Protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes must be worn.
Apply First Aid:
• Give CPR if required
• If the victim is breathing & has a heartbeat, give first aid for injuries and treat for shock.
• Ensure the victim gets medical care as soon as possible.
• Physician attending the victim must have detailed information to properly diagnose and
care for the victim.
2. ‘Prevention is better than cure’. In the line of the above statement list some safety measures
that should be taken at workplace.
A. At work place we must follow following safety measures to avoid accidents:
 The office arrangement must be such that it allows free movement of the people.
 Steps, stairs and floorings must be well maintained and free from clutter.
 Mark any differences in the floor levels clearly.
 Markings on the glass door should be provided to avoid people walking into them.
 Any spills or leakages should be immediately cleaned.
 Electrical wirings and appliances must be checked regularly.
 People should use appropriate foot wears to avoid slips and falls and also that are apt for a
particular type of work environment.
 All the electrical cords must be fixed and not allowed to hang loosely.
 Employees must be trained to be attentive for any alarming situation that may be sign of a
potential accident.
 Put up safety instructions and emergency phone numbers at a place where everyone can
notice.
3. In case of an accident on road, what actions must be taken by the rescuers.
A. (1) Injured must be moved to a distance from the accident spot.
(2) If there is a fire attempts should be made to put it off.
(3) Ambulance and police should be informed.
(4) Injured must be given first aid and kept warm till further medical assistance is available.
4. What measures should be taken by an organization to ensure safe and quick evacuation during
emergencies?
A. An organization must have:
 A clear passage way to all exits.
 The exit routes clearly marked and must be as short as possible.
 Multiple exit routes enough for all the people to escape.
 Easily operable emergency doors.
 A regular inspection and maintenance evacuation routes.
5. What are the different types of fire?
A. Depending upon the cause of the fire, the fire can be of following types:
Class A: It is due to ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, cloth etc
Class B: It is due to flammable liquids like grease oil, paint or any other solvent.
Class C: It is due to live electrical equipment.
Class D: It is due to combustible metals like magnesium, aluminum etc
Class K: It is due to commercial cooking equipment like cooking oils, animal fats, vegetable fats
etc
 Sample Question Papers
Part A – Unit 1 & 2
Multiple Choice Questions
1. When it is difficult to communicate with someone who is not willing to talk or express their
feelings and views it means there is a/an __________. [ b ]
a. Cultural Barriers b. Interpersonal Barriers
c. Physical Barriers d. Language Barriers
2. _________ refers to focusing human efforts for maintaining a healthy body and mind capable
of better withstanding stressful situations. [ b ]
a. Self – Motivation b. Stress Management
c. Self – Awareness d. Self – Regulation
3. High expectations from self can leave with chronic anxiety and stress, thus leading to ______
stress. [ c ]
a. Physical b. Emotional c. Mental d. Financial
4. What is the importance of effective communication in a workplace? [ b ]
a. Reducing office expenses
b. Enhancing team collaboration and productivity
c. Increasing employee vacation days
d. Improving office aesthetics
5. High expectations from self can leave with chronic anxiety and stress, thus leading to _______
stress. [ b ]
a. Physical b. Emotional c. Social d. Financial
6. Imagine you are working on a challenging project for your studies, and you have a tight
deadline. No one is around to cheer you on or offer encouragement, but you need to push
through and complete the work. What will make you complete work without others cheering
you? [ c ]
a. Self – confidence b. Communication
c. Self – Motivation d. Self – Esteem
7. ___________ is a series of postures and breathing exercises practiced to achieve control of
body and mind. [ c ]
a. Meditation b. Nature Walk c. Yoga d. Physical Exercise
8. __________ is not the quality of self-confident people. [ a ]
a. Dependent b. Hardworking c. Positive Attitude d. Commitment

Subjective Type Questions

1. What are the learning objectives of communication?
A. Learning objectives of Effective communication are:
 Sending, receiving and understanding the message or information
 Development of Interpersonal Skills
 To express effectively with maximum efficiency
2. How is self-regulation connected to the ability to work independently?
A. The ability to work independently can be enhanced by being self-regulated. Self-regulation
guides independent individuals as it helps them to consider long term consequences rather than
just transient feelings. It leads to a responsible and a value driven behavior. It teaches self-control
and well-directed efforts to reach the goal. Self-regulated includes discipline that helps in
consistent efforts to move towards the goal.
3. Name the Stress causal agents.
A. The Stress causal agents are: 1. MENTAL, 2. PHYSICAL, 3. SOCIAL, 4. FINANCIAL.
 Sample Question Paper
Part A – Unit 3
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Kartik’s Computer was running very slow, hangs and often restarts. He is very confused and
tensed as he was working on a very important assignment. Kartik’s friend gave him the following
suggestions. Identify who has given him a genuine suggestion. [ b ]
a. Radha: Restart your machine
b. Ishan: Install reliable antivirus software and update
c. Amar: Don’t use Pendrive
d. Sam: Install free antivirus from net
2. ______________ operating system enables multiple users to work on the same computer at
different times or simultaneously. [ c ]
a. Multiprogramming b. Multiprocessors
c. Multi – User d. Multi – Tasking
3. To remove the files of temporary folder, we type _____________ in Run dialog box after pressing
“Windows button + R” on the keyboard. [ b ]
a. #temp# b. %temp% c. $temp% d. &temp&
4. The cleaning of software installed in the computer cannot be achieved by ____________.
[ c ]
a. Disk Cleanup b. Backup
c. Cleaning CPU cabinet d. Installing antivirus software
5. Match the following: [ c ]
(A) Folders (I) Context sensitive menu
(B) Subfolders (II) Dashboard
(C) Start Menu (III) Directory
(D) Shortcut Menu (IV) Sub directory

a. (A) – (I), (B) – (IV), (C) – (III), (D) – (II)

b. (A) – (I), (B) – (III), (C) – (II), (D) – (IV)
c. (A) – (III), (B) – (IV), (C) – (II), (D) – (I)
d. (A) – (I), (B) – (IV), (C) – (II), (D) – (III)
 6. I am a temporary memory provided by the operating system that stores data for short term in an
application. The data here remains until some other data comes in. Who am I. [ b ]
a. RAM b. Clipboard c. ROM d. Cache
7. Identify the correct statement from the following: [ d ]
a. All data in a computer is stored in form of files
b. Each file has a file name and a file extension
c. File name and file extension are separated by a dot
d. All of the above
8. The way in which user interacts with the computer. [ d ]
a. Keyboard b. Input devices c. I/O devices d. Interface
9. DOS, Linux, UNIX are examples of ___________________. [ b ]
a. Software b. Command Line Interface c. WIMP d. All of these
10. Which of the following is not necessary for maintenance of a computer system? [ d ]
a. Taking weekly backups
b. Empty recycle bin weekly
c. Cleaning external peripherals
d. Buying new software and hardware
11. Which of the following can be the reason for your computer running slow? [ d ]
a. A VIRUS running in background
b. Too many temporary files
c. Too many open applications
d. All of these
12. During an IT training session, the instructor explains different types of system architectures used
in networking and computing. Client – Server and peer to peer systems are types of
_______________. [ c ]
a. CPU b. Desktops c. Distributed Operating System d. GUI OS
13. Making a copy of our data regularly helps to recover it in case of a system failure. This copied
data is called ______________. [ c ]
a. Clipboard b. Data copy c. Backup d. Recovered data
 Subjective Type Questions
Answer the following in 20 – 30 words
1. What different types of tasks are carried out in Computer maintenance?
A. Computer maintenance includes:
Physical Cleaning: To remove dust and debris as these heat up a computer.
Internal Cleaning: TO keep computer applications and program keep virus free.
Keeping backup and updated software and programs
2. Briefly explain the terms:
(i) Junk Files
(ii) Temporary Files
(iii) Spam Files
A. Junk Files: Junk files is a general name for temporary files, old program setup files, cached
thumbnails and other bits of digital detritus that pile up over time.
Temporary Files: Files created by applications and programs for internal usage while working.
These are of no use once an application program is closed.
Spam Files: Electronic junk mail or junk new newsgroup postings or any unsolicited email.
3. What is Spyware?
A. Spyware is a program which infects and collects information of the computer without the owner's
knowledge or consent. A spyware generally infects a computer system by getting transmitted
through Internet via websites, webpages or emails. It intrudes into a computer and silently steals
the data of the computer. In other words, it refers to that kind of software which can track the
activities of a computer system and report to the users. Keylogger is an example of a spyware.
4. What do these abbreviations stand for?
a. CUI, b. GUI, c. FSF, d. BOSS, e. CDAC, f. PDA, g. PIM, h. PnP, i.MBR
A. a. CUI: Character User Interface
b. GUI: Graphical User Interface
c. FSF: Free Software Foundation
d. BOSS: Bharat Operating System Solution
e. CDAC: Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
f. PDA: Personal Digital Assistance
g. PIM: Personal Information Management
h. PnP: Plug and Play
i. MBR: Master Boot Record
5. Name any four major functions that are performed by an operating system.

A. The four major functions that are performed by an operating system are:

i. Memory management

ii. File management

iii. Input/output or Device management

iv. Process management

 Sample Question Papers
Part A - Unit 4
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following is/are a myth about Entrepreneurship? [ d ]
a. Need a lot of Money b. Must have a great Idea
c. Should know everything about business d. All of these
2. John notices that the cost of raw materials is lower in a different supplier's location compared to his
current supplier. He decides to switch to the new supplier to save money. Which function that the
entrepreneur is doing? [ a ]
a. Makes decisions b. Divide Income
c. Takes Risk d. Innovation
3. From the following statements, which one is not correct about the Qualities of an entrepreneur.
[ b ]
a. Successful entrepreneurs adapt the habit of hard work from a very early stage.
b. Entrepreneur should not think optimistically about the future of the business.
c. Confident entrepreneur must not deviate from his/her decisions too early in case success is
delayed.
d. Entrepreneurs like to function at their own will and rules.
4. Entrepreneurship has a crucial role in the ____________ of the society. [ c ]
a. Evolution b. Planning
c. Functioning d. None of these
5. An entrepreneur must establish good relation with __________________ and its functionalities.
[ b ]
a. Customer b. Government
c. Both a & b d. None of these
6. An entrepreneur has become the ________________ of modern global economy. [ a ]
a. Balancing Wheel b. Goal – Oriented
c. Optimistic d. None of these
7. ______________________ is a set of activities performed by the entrepreneur. [ c ]
a. Leadership b. Risk Taking
c. Entrepreneurship d. None of these
 Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 Words

1. Why do we say that an entrepreneur should be open-minded?

A. The smartest and most successful people welcome new ideas and diverse perspectives, allowing
them to see more opportunities ahead of them and better solutions to problems. Open-minded
entrepreneurs are able to strategize better because they can listen to varying and look at a problem
through multiple lenses.
2. List the ways in which an entrepreneur affects a society?
A. Entrepreneurs run their businesses in a market. The market has people who buy products and
services and people who sell them also. When people are buying and selling from each other, it is
helpful for everyone because everyone involved makes money. This is how entrepreneurs help in
growing the area and society they live in.
3. Explain any two Myths about Entrepreneurship.
A. Myths about Entrepreneurship are:
The misconception is that every business idea needs to be unique or special.
1. Each entrepreneur saw customer demand and brought a new idea into their business. A person
can take an idea that is already there in the market and do something different with it.
2. The misconception we have is that a person needs a lot of money to start a business.
Every business does not need a lot of capital to start. Depending on how much money you have or
can borrow, you can start a business with that much money. Once you make more money, you can
put that into your business to make it bigger.
3. A misconception we have is that only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur.
No business is big or small. If a person is running a business to fulfill a customer’s need, they are an
entrepreneur. Most businesses start small. It becomes big with hard work and creativity.
4. A misconception we have is that entrepreneurs are born, not made.
Only some people have the talent for doing business. An entrepreneur is a person who does
whatever it takes to make the business successful.
Being an entrepreneur starts with a way of thinking. You must believe that anything is possible and
it shall be achieved. It starts with thinking of an idea that you want to work on, making it different.
4. Write any four roles of Entrepreneurs.
A. Four roles of Entrepreneurs are:
i. Coordinating role
ii. Agent’s role
iii. Innovator’s Role
 iv. Risk assumption role
v. Imitating role
vi. Capital formation role:
vii. Employment Generation role
5. Explain any two functions of an entrepreneur.
A. Any two functions of an entrepreneur are:
a. making decisions:
b. Managing the business
6. Mention any two misconceptions about the Entrepreneurship.
A. Misconception 1
The misconception is that every business idea needs to be unique or special.
Misconception 2
The misconception we have is that a person needs a lot of money to start a business.
Misconception 3
A misconception we have is that only a person having a big business is an entrepreneur.
Misconception 4
A misconception we have is that entrepreneurs are born, not made.
7. What is an enterprise?
A. A business unit setup by an entrepreneur to support sales is known as an enterprise.
8. What is entrepreneurship?
A. Entrepreneurship is a dynamic activity that helps the entrepreneur to bring changes and innovation
in the process of production. Entrepreneurship comes from a French word ‘Entrependre’, which
means individuals who are ‘undertakers’, i.e., those who take the risk of anew enterprise.
9. Explain how entrepreneurs and society are interconnected.
A. Entrepreneurs are the drivers of society. They contribute to things such as national employment,
innovation, society building, community rejuvenation, economic development, etc. They provide
opportunities that create social benefits for a community. They contribute to the welfare of society.
10. List any four important functions of an entrepreneur.
A. Four important functions of an entrepreneur are:
i. Innovation

ii. Risk-taking
iii. Research
iv. Catalyst of economic development
11. Mention the function of an entrepreneur in establishing relations with government.
A. An entrepreneur must establish good relations with government and its functionaries. His functions
are to obtain licenses, payment of taxes, selling the product to government, provision for export-
import, etc.
12. Give any one quality of a successful entrepreneur.
A. They are confident.
13. Name the term used for a false belief or opinion about something.
A. Myth.
14. Name the person who combines factors in a creative manner to generate value for customers and
create wealth.
A. Entrepreneur
15. Name the skill that helps anyone to lead, guide and supervise people who work for the business.
A. Leadership
16. Define function of an entrepreneur is establishing contacts with competitors.
A. An entrepreneur must from contacts with the competitors to analyse the market. He must be in a
position to make opportunities out of the given situation.
17. How entrepreneur is helpful in capital formation?
A. An entrepreneur is helpful in capital formation as we know that increase in the rate of capital
formation is quite essential for the economic development of any country.
18. Give any two advantages of entrepreneurship.
A. The two advantages of entrepreneurship are as follows:
Entrepreneurship helps in creating employment opportunities.
Entrepreneurship makes an individual independent, confident and also instils leadership skills.
19. What are the disadvantages of entrepreneurship?
A. The disadvantages of entrepreneurship are as follows:
Risk: An entrepreneurship involves high risk of loss. If the business fails, then it will wipe away all the
personal savings.
Uncertain Income: There is no regular income available to an entrepreneur. So, there is uncertain
kind of income received by an entrepreneur.

20. What are the career opportunities for an entrepreneur?

A. An entrepreneur can become an educationist, artist, professional, homemaker, restaurateur,
businessman, service sector worker or an inventor.
21. What are the employment opportunities available for entrepreneurs?
A. Some employment opportunities available for entrepreneurs are as follows:
 Start-ups in a range of industries
 Family business
 Research
 Development sector
 Contract ventures
 Corporate ventures
22. Define the term determination.
A. Answer: Entrepreneurs are highly determined. They are always ready to face defeats and take them
as a challenge. For them, every failure opens up the gate to a new opportunity. They believe that
nothing is impossible. And with this determination they start up new ventures to take them to new
heights.
23. What do you mean by the term confidence?
A. Successful entrepreneurs are confident enough about their potential and capabilities. They do not
have doubts about their success. They know that they are capable enough to give wings to their ideas
and turn their dreams into reality.
24. What is the difference between wage employed and self-employed people?
A. Wage-employed people are people who works for a person or on organisation and get paid for that
work. Self-employed people are those who start businesses to satisfy the needs of people.
25. Priyanka and Shyam both own plant shops. Shyam sits at his shop everyday. When customers come,
he sells to them. Priyanka walks around and gets customers to her shop. She also sells seeds and
flowers with her plants. Who is Entrepreneur out of Priyanka and Shyam and why?
A. Priyanka is entrepreneur as she is working to grow her business. She has added a different idea to
her business.
26. How can one become an entrepreneur?
A. One can become an entrepreneur by having these four elements.
Vision: To identify new emerging opportunities.
Innovation: Creating new ways of doing something or establishing a new business.
Risk bearing: Taking risk and facing uncertainty.
Organizing: Collection and coordination of necessary and vital resources.
27. Explain any two functions of an entrepreneur.
A. Any two functions of an entrepreneur are:
Making decisions.
Managing the business.
28. Differentiate between Agricultural Entrepreneur-ship and small scale entrepreneurship with one
point only.
A. Agricultural Entrepreneurship: It provides supports to the farmers, understand the need of farmers
and enhance the skills of farmers for the commercialization. Small Scale Entrepreneurship: It helps
society by creating wealth in local market and local area. It refers to the starting industries in which
manufacturing, trading, providing services, production is done on a small scale or micro scale.
29. Explain some of the qualities of an entrepreneur.
A. The following are some qualities of an entrepreneur:
Discipline: Prosperous entrepreneur will always focus their energy on making the business work. They
will put in their best efforts to eliminate all obstacles which hinder the path of success.
Confidence: Successful entrepreneurs are confident enough about their potential and capabilities.
They do not have doubts about their success.
Initiation: Every successful entrepreneurs are confident enough about their potential and capabilities.
They do not have doubts about their success.
Competitive: Entrepreneurs become entrepreneurs because they know that they can handle the job
or tasks better than others. The competitive spirit of the entrepreneurs has given birth to the number
of companies that we see today.
30. Explain some functions of an entrepreneur.
A. The important functions of an entrepreneur are as follows:
Innovation: The basic and the foremost important function of an entrepreneur is innovation. They
develop new ideas, technology, and product and create a new market. Innovation may include
developing a new product or creating something different from the existing product.

Risk-taking: One of the biggest traits and features of entrepreneurs is that they are risk-takers. They
are always willing to take risks and bear losses.

Research: Entrepreneurs are practical dreamers but they know how to turn their dreams into
reality. They do a lot of ground work and research before taking leap in their ventures.

Catalyst of Economic Development: An entrepreneur plays a vital role in accelerating the rate of
economic development of a country by inventing new uses of available resources and maximizing
their utilization.
31. What is the role and significance of an entrepreneur?
A. The role and significance of an entrepreneur are as follows:
Bringing Economic Growth and Prosperity: Entrepreneurs bring economic growth and prosperity in
the country by generating employment opportunities, creation, increasing per capita income and
GDP(Gross Domestic Product), improving in quality of life by raising the standard of living and
providing economic independence to people.

Bringing Social Stability and Balanced Regional Development: Entrepreneurs play an important and
unique role in bringing social stability and balanced regional development b absorbing the
workforce in industries removing of poverty, improving health and education facilities, creating fair
competition, promoting equitable distribution of income, creating social infrastructure,
empowering women and weaker sections of the society and supplying qualitative goods and
services.
32. How does an entrepreneur help society?
A. An entrepreneur helps the society by the following ways:
Giving Donations: Businessmen donate a lot of money to charity, which is used for the welfare of the
downtrodden and poor people and helps them in improving their living conditions.
Setting up Charitable Institutions: Various educational, medical and vocational training institutions
are set up by business persons to provide the less- privileged with benefits which they normally
cannot afford. Certain benefits such as scholarships, fee waivers etc., are provide to help the
meritorious, deserving and needy students.
 Sample Question Paper
Part A – Unit 5
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which SDG aims to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable?
[ b ]
a) SDG 10
b) SDG 11
c) SDG 12
d) SDG 13
2.What does SDG 12 focus on? [ a ]
a) Sustainable Consumption and Production
b) Quality Education
c) Reduced Inequalities
d) Zero Hunger
3. Which SDG emphasizes taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts?
[ b ]
a) SDG 12
b) SDG 13
c) SDG 14
d) SDG 15
4. SDG 14 aims to conserve and sustainably use what? [ b ]
a) Forests
b) Oceans, seas, and marine resources
c) Air Quality
d) Freshwater Resources
5. What is the primary goal of SDG 15? [ c ]
a) Clean Water and Sanitation
b) Life Below Water
c) Life on Land
d) Affordable and Clean Energy
 6. SDG 16 promotes which of the following? [ b ]
a) Good Health and Well-being
b) Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
c) Sustainable Cities and Communities
d) Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
7. Which SDG emphasizes the importance of partnerships to achieve the goals? [ c ]
a) SDG 15
b) SDG 16
c) SDG 17
d) SDG 13
8. SDG 7 focuses on which of the following? [ b ]
a) Clean Water and Sanitation
b) Affordable and Clean Energy
c) Life Below Water
d) Climate Action
9. What does SDG 11 aim to improve? [ c ]
a) Industry and Innovation
b) Education Quality
c) Urban sustainability
d) Health and Well-being
10. Which SDG focuses on ending hunger and achieving food security? [ b ]
a) SDG 1
b) SDG 2
c) SDG 3
d) SDG 4

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words:

1. How does SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions contribute to sustainable development?
A. SDG 16 aims to promote peaceful and inclusive societies, provide access to justice for all, and build
effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels.
2. What is the goal of SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production?
A. SDG 12 aims to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns by promoting resource
and energy efficiency, sustainable infrastructure, and providing access to basic services.
 3. How does SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities aim to create a fairer world?
A. SDG 10 aims to reduce inequality within and among countries by ensuring equal opportunities and
reducing disparities in income.
4. What is the focus of SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure?
A. SDG 9 focuses on building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable
industrialization, and fostering innovation.
5. Why is SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth important?
A. SDG 8 is important because it promotes sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full
and productive employment, and decent work for all.
6. What is the goal of SDG 15: Life on Land?
A. The goal of SDG 15 is to protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
manage forests sustainably, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and
biodiversity loss.
7. How does SDG 14: Life Below Water contribute to sustainability?
A. SDG 14 aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources, which are
crucial for maintaining biodiversity and supporting livelihoods.
8. What is the focus of SDG 4: Quality Education?
A. The focus of SDG 4 is to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for all.
9. How does inadequate infrastructure affect sustainable development?
A. Inadequate infrastructure, such as poor transportation and energy systems, limits access to
resources and efficient service delivery, hindering sustainability efforts.
10. What is the impact of unsustainable agricultural practices on sustainable development?
A. Unsustainable agricultural practices deplete soil nutrients, lead to water scarcity, and contribute to
habitat loss, affecting long-term sustainability.
 Previous Year Question Paper
Part B – Unit 1
Multiple Choice Questions
1. ________________ controls all aspects of a paragraph’s appearance, such as text
alignment, tab stops, line spacing and borders and can include character formatting.
[ d ]
a. Page Style b. Character Style
c. Cell Style d. Paragraph Style
2. How many levels of headings does Writer evaluate to build the Table of Contents?
[ c ]
a. 8 b. 9 c. 10 d. 12
3. Reema has created a pamphlet on “Tour to West India’. She has inserted many images to
make presentable but the size of images to make it more presentable but the size of images
is occupying a lot of space. Her friend has suggested her to reduce the size of images.
Which of the following options will help her in doing the task without losing any content
of the image? [ c ]
a. Recolor b. Docking c. Resize d. Rotate
4. Which of the following graphic filter is used to increase the contrast of an image in a
document? [ b ]
a. Smooth b. Sharpen c. Remove Noise d. Invert
5. Which of the following features allows one to apply a group of formats at the same time?
[ a ]
a. Fill b. Styles c. Images d. Drag and Drop
6. Gaurav is creating a report in Writer. The image gets embedded in his document whenever
he drags and drops the image and the document size increases. Suggest a way to link the
image file instead of embedding it. [ d ]
a. Drag and drop the image.
b. Hold down the Ctrl key while dragging.
c. Hold down the Shift key while dragging the image.
d. Hold down the Ctrl and Shift key while dragging and dropping the image.

7. Resizing a _________ may badly affect the resolution of an image. [ b ]

 a. Vector Image b. Raster Image c. CAD Image d. Colored Image
8. In Writer, you can create your own template in _________ way(s). [ b ]
a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four
9. _________ includes margins, headers and footers, borders and backgrounds. [ b ]
a. Character Style b. Page Style
c. Numbering Style d. Frame Style
10. Pushkar has created a drawing using multiple shapes that are arranged in a particular
position and manner in his document. Suggest a feature that can be used to let the objects
remain set as a collection. [ c ]
a. Transparency b. Posterize
c. Grouping Drawing Objects d. Ordering Drawing Objects
11. Mehul has inserted images in his document report “Travel My State” to make it more
descriptive. Some extra part that needs to be removed. Which of the following option is
suitable to do the task? [ b ]
a. Resize b. Crop c. Recolor d. Rotate
12. Suresh has been assigned a task to create multiple documents such that the first page of
every document contains the and logo in a particular style. Which feature of word
processor can be used to complete the task quickly? [ c ]
a. Cell Styles b. Image
c. Templates d. Table of Contents
13. Writer’s ____________________ feature lets you build an automated index from the
headings in your document. [ c ]
a. Header b. Styles
c. Table of Contents d. Template
14. To protect the table of contents from being changed accidentally, check the _________
check box. [ a ]
a. Protected against manual changes
b. Allow only manual changes
c. Manual Changes
d. Password
Subjective Type Questions
Answer the following in 20 – 30 words
1. Differentiate between Keep Scale and Keep image size options while cropping an image in
a document.
A. When keep scale is selected (default), cropping the image does not change the scale of the
picture. when keep image size is selected, cropping produces enlargement (for positive
cropping values), shrinking (for negative cropping values), or distortion of the image so,
that the image size remains constant.
2. Give any two characteristics of template in Writer.
A. Two characteristics of a template in Writer are as follows:
1. Templates are reusable, which means that once a template is created, it can be used
again and again for similar types of documents.
2. A template ensures consistency in the formatting and layout of a document.
3. Write the main steps to group drawing objects in Writer.

A. Following steps has to be followed for grouping images.

Step 1: Select File New Drawing option, drawing application will be displayed, where
number of images can be uploaded.

Step 2: Upload the images from file, scan or gallery can be taken.

Step 3: Copy paste single image into the OpenOffice writer or with the help of shift key all
the images can be taken.

Step 4: Select all the images and click on Format Group option. The selected images will be
in a group.

4. Differentiate between Aging and Posterize graphic filters.

A. Aging: Simulates the effects of time on a picture. Can be applied several times. A further
dialog box opens to adjust the aging level.
Posterize: Makes a picture appear like a painting by reducing the number of colors used.
Answer the following in 50 – 80 words
1. Explain the following terms with respect to positioning the graphics in a document.
(a) Arrangement
(b) Text Wrapping
A. Arrangement refers to the placement of a graphic on an imaginary vertical axis. It controls
how graphics are stacked upon each other or relative to the text.
Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to surrounding text which may wraparound
the graphic on one or both sides or be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic.
2. List two advantages of adding an image link to a document rather than adding the image
itself.
A. (1) Reduced File Size: Linking to an image rather than embedding it keeps the document's
file size smaller, making it easier to share and faster to open.
(2) Easier Updates: If the image needs to be updated or changed, you only need numerous
images. This is useful for both local storage and cloud storage solutions..

3. Briefly explain the color modes used in Writer?

a. Default
b. Greyscale
c. Black/White
d. Watermark
A. (A) Default: This colour mode displays the image in original colours.
(B) Grayscale: This colour mode displays the image in shades of grey only.
(C) Black/White: This colour mode displays the image in only two colours i.e. Black and
White.
(D) Watermark: This colour mode displays the image completely transparent, so that the
other objects are clearly visible over it.
 Previous Year Question Paper
Part B – Unit 2
Multiple Choice Questions
1. While consolidating data, a cell range can be named using _________ option
[ b ]
a. Name range b. Define range
c. Consolidate name d. Define name
2. Kawal and his friends are working on a Spreadsheet for entering data and updating records. They
wish to keep a track of changes. Which of the following options will help in knowing who made the
changes and what changes were done in the spreadsheet?
[ b ]
a. View changes b. Record changes
c. Store changes d. Track changes
3. _________ is a more elaborate form of Goal Seek.
[ d ]
a. Database b. Hyperlink
c. Report d. Solver
4. Macro functions can be written to behave as regular functions by writing a/an ________.

[ c ]
a. Void b. Return

c. Add-In d. Dim

5. _________ Option of Calc helps in viewing the changes made to a worksheet using original and
edited worksheet.
[ c ]
a. Edit Revise document b. Edit  Consolidate

c. Edit Compare document d. Edit  Collaborate document

6. In Calc, shared workbooks allow : [ d ]

a. Merging cells b. Conditional formatting

c. Inserting pictures/graphs d. Adding text

7. Which of the following options is not available in hyperlink dialog box?

[ d ]
a. Internet b. Document
c. New Document d. Download
 8. _________ can be used in a spreadsheet software to jump to a different location from within a
spreadsheet and can lead to other parts of the current file, to different files or even to websites.
[ b ]
a. Illustration b. Hyperlinks
c. Links d. Filter
9. Macros are especially useful to _________ the same way over and over again.
[ a ]
a. Repeat a task b. Reject a task
c. Report a task d. Comment a task
10. ___________ feature of Calc helps to track what data was changed, when the change was made,
who made the changes and in which cell the change has occurred.
[ a ]
a. Record Changes b. Edit Record
c. Change Record d. Macro
11. A __________ refers to a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet whose data values can be used in a
formula. [ c ]
a. Sheet b. Cell
c. Cell reference d. Cell data
12. ________ feature of Calc is used to test ‘what –if’ questions.
[ c ]
a. Solver b. Goal seek
c. Scenario d. Styles
13. A colored border, with ________, appears around a cell where changes are made in a shared
worksheet. [ a ]
a. A dot in the upper left-hand corner
b. A dot in the lower left-hand corner
c. A cross in the upper left-hand corner
d. A cross in the upper right-hand corner
14. _______ feature adds data arranged in a group of cells in Calc, with labels for columns and/or rows.
[ b ]
a. Average b. Subtotal
c. Goal seek d. Solver
15. Rohan has 50,000 that he wants to invest in two mutual funds for one year. Fund A is a low risk
fund with 18% interest rate and Fund B is a higher risk fund with 21% interest rate. Which feature
of spreadsheets (Calc) will help him to decide?
[ a ]
a. Solver b. Subtotal
c. Linking sheets d. Macros
16. Rama and two of her friends are doing survey of gender wise employment rates of their
locality as a school project using Spreadsheet. They all want to Work simultaneously to
complete it on time. What option they should use to access the same Spreadsheet to speed
up their work. [ b ]
(a) Consolidated Worksheet
(b) Shared Worksheet
(c) Link Worksheet
(d) Lock Worksheet
17. You can access a variety of ______ and other data sources and link them into Calc worksheets.
[ d ]
a. Images b. Pictures
c. Videos d. Databases
 Subjective Type Questions
Answer the following in 20 – 30 words
1. Differentiate between Keep Scale and Keep image size options while cropping an image in a
document.
A. When keep scale is selected (default), cropping the image does not change the scale of the picture.
When keep image size is selected, cropping produces enlargement (for positive cropping values),
shrinking (for negative cropping values), or distortion of the image so, that the image size remains
constant.

2. Give any two characteristics of template in Writer.

A. Two characteristics of a template in Writer are as follows:
1. Templates are reusable, which means that once a template is created, it can be used again and
again for similar types of documents.
2. A template ensures consistency in the formatting and layout of a document.

3. Write the main steps to group drawing objects in Writer.

A. Following steps has to be followed for grouping images.

Step 1: Select File New Drawing option, drawing application will be displayed, where number of
images can be uploaded.

Step 2: Upload the images from file, scan or gallery can be taken.

Step 3: Copy paste single image into the OpenOffice writer or with the help of shift key all the images
can be taken.

Step 4: Select all the images and click on Format Group option. The selected images will be in a
group.

4. Differentiate between Aging and Posterize graphic filters.

A. Aging: Simulates the effects of time on a picture. Can be applied several times. A further dialog box
opens to adjust the aging level.
Posterize: Makes a picture appear like a painting by reducing the number of colors used.

5. What is the use of Macros in a Spreadsheet?

 Ans. Macros help in saving time in cases when the same set of tasks are to be done repeatedly
like formatting or applying a similar formula in a similar range of data. It can be used to name
and record a set of actions or set of actions.

6. Why do we need to merge worksheets?

Ans: When multiple users collaborate on the same shared worksheets and mark their reviews
on it, feature of merging worksheet ca be used to view all of their changes at once and address
them by accepting or rejecting the changes.

7. What is the purpose of consolidating data in spreadsheets? Discuss briefly.

Ans: The purpose of consolidating data in Calc is to combine information from multiple sources
or worksheets into a single and organized dataset. This enables easier analysis, comparison,
and reporting of data. It also simplifies the decision-making processes, and improves overall
efficiency in managing and interpreting complex datasets.

8. What are the two parts of a cell reference while referencing data on other sheets? Explain with
an example.
Ans: When referencing data from another sheet, the cell reference consists of two parts: the
sheet name and the cell address within that sheet, separated by a dot (.).
E.g., if we want to reference cell B3 in sheet named “SalesData” then the reference will be
created as “SalesData’.B3.
9. What do you mean by Freeze in Spreadsheet?
Ans: Freeze/Freeze panes refers to keep rows and columns visible while the
rest of the worksheet scrolls based on the current selection.
(OR)
It "freezes" a row or column, so that it is always displayed in place, regardless of what part of
the spreadsheet is being displayed.
Answer the following in 50 – 80 words
1. Explain the following terms with respect to positioning the graphics in a document.
(a) Arrangement
(b) Text Wrapping
A. Arrangement refers to the placement of a graphic on an imaginary vertical axis. It controls how
graphics are stacked upon each other or relative to the text.
Text wrapping refers to the relation of graphics to surrounding text which may wraparound the
graphic on one or both sides or be overprinted behind or in front of the graphic.

2. List two advantages of adding an image link to a document rather than adding the image itself.
A. (1) Reduced File Size: Linking to an image rather than embedding it keeps the document's file size
smaller, making it easier to share and faster to open.
(2) Easier Updates: If the image needs to be updated or changed, you only need numerous images.
This is useful for both local storage and cloud storage solutions.

3. Briefly explain the color modes used in Writer?

a. Default
b. Greyscale
c. Black/White
d. Watermark
A. (A) Default: This colour mode displays the image in original colours.
(B) Grayscale: This colour mode displays the image in shades of grey only.
(C) Black/White: This colour mode displays the image in only two colours i.e. Black and
White.
(D) Watermark: This colour mode displays the image completely transparent, so that the
other objects are clearly visible over it.

4. Distinguish between the following with respect to spreadsheet:

a. Relative and Absolute hyperlink
b. Internet hyperlink and Document hyperlink
Ans:
 Relative Hyperlink Absolute Hyperlink
A relative hyperlink defines path of a An absolute hyperlink defines path of the
document with respect to the current file from the topmost folder.
or active document.
If the file is moved this link will not It will stop working if the target is moved.
break. It will stop working only if the
start and target locations change
relative to each other.

B)

Internet Hyperlinks Document Hyperlinks

The hyperlink points to a web address, The hyperlink points to a place in either the
normally starting with http:// or https:// current worksheet or another existing
is known as internet hyperlink. Internet worksheet document hyperlink.
hyperlinks connect.
Content across the global network of Document hyperlinks are used to connect
the worldwide web. within a specific document or on a local
network.

5. How can an original and edited worksheet be compared?

Ans: When the documents are shared between the users, sometimes there is a possibility for
the user to remember what changes have been done.
To avoid this there is a feature comparing changes in spreadsheet
If the user wants to compare two documents, ensure that both the documents are available.
Step 1: Open the edited document.
Step 2: Click Edit from the Menu bar, Select Track changes  Compare Document option. This
will prompt you a dialog where the user has to exit from the Record Mode. Click yes to exit the
changes from recording mode.
Step 3: Now select the file which has to be compared with the changed document. Where
ever the changes are made automatically will be displayed by highlighting the cells and also in
the Accept and Reject changes dialog box as follows.
Here, the user can either accept or reject the changes made. The changes made will
be updated in the other document.

6. Explain four types of hyperlinks that can be applied in spreadsheets.

Ans: The four types of hyperlink that can be applied in spreadsheets are as follows:
 1. Internet: These hyperlinks direct users to a specific web address (URL) when clicked. They
are commonly used to link to websites, online resources, or files hosted on web servers. It
normally starts with http://
2. Mail & News: These hyperlinks open the default email client with a pre-filled email address
when clicked. They are formatted as mailto:[email protected] and are useful for intiating
email communications directly from the spreadsheet.
3. Document: These hyperlinks link to files or document stored on the local computer or
network devices. Clicking on the hyperlinks opens the associated file using the default
application for that file type.
4. New Document: This hyperlink creates a new worksheet.

7. Given the following Spreadsheet, write the appropriate Formula/Expression/Function to be used

for (a) to (e) :
Player Name Points Bonus Rank Total
ID
1 Jai 1300 200 4
2 Ajay 1800 150 1
3 Ram 1600 100 3
4 Arjun 1200 100 5
5 Surya 1700 200 2

(a) Write formula to calculate the Total points (Sum of Points + Bonus) of each
player in cell F2 – F6.
(b) Write the feature used for arranging the Rank from Highest to Lowest.
(c) To find the Player with Maximum TOTAL to be written to Cell F7.
A. a. To Calculate the sum of Total points
=SUM(C2:D2)
b. Sorting is the feature used for arranging the Rank from Highest to Lowest.
c. To find the average of points
=max (F2-F6)
 Previous Years Question Papers
Part B – Unit 3
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In Base, the relationship applied on the tables can be removed with the help of _________
option. [ d ]
a. Clear b. Remove c. Drop d. Delete
2. In SQL, the keyword to display records in ascending order is ___________. [ c ]
a. Asce b. Incr c. Asc d. High
3. _________ is a numeric data type which can store Yes/No type values in the form of 0 or 1 in
Base table. [ a ]
a. Boolean b. Char c. Binary d. Other Object
4. Which of the following statement retrieves zero or more rows from one or more database tables
or database views? [ c ]
a. UPDATE b. DELETE c. SELECT d. DISPLAY
5. Which datatype will be appropriate to store information as Salary, Fees, Price etc. [ a ]
a. Numeric Datatypes b. Binary Datatypes
c. Alphanumeric Datatypes d. Date Time
6. Roshni has created a table Customer in SQL and wants to store photograph image of every
customer under Cust photo field. Suggest a suitable data type from the options given below.
[ c ]
a. Image b. Picture c. LongVarBinary d. Graphic
7. The ____________________ should be chosen such that its attributes are never or very rarely
changed. [ c ]
a. Candidate Key b. Super Key c. Primary Key d. Foreign Key
8. By default, all the fields in OpenOffice Base will have _________ datatype. [ c ]
a. Int (Tiny) b. Boolean c. Text (Varchar) d. Text (Char)
9. Which one of the following is not an example of DBMS? [ d ]
a. PostgreSQL b. SQLite c. FoxPro d. Impress
10. Databases have the ability to ________________________. [ b ]
a. Spell check, perform calculations, library of mathematical functions, replication
b. Store a large amount of data in a structured format, easy update, sort quickly, production
of reports.
c. Rotate images, Copy and Paste, Fill scale
d. None of the above
11. A _________ is an interface in a user specified layout that lets users to view, enter and change
data directly in database objects such as tables. [ b ]
a. Frame b. Form c. Relation d. Report
12. Which one of the following is used to define the structure of the relation, deleting relations and
relating schema? [ c ]
a. Relational Schema b. DML (Data Manipulation Language)
c. DDL (Data Definition Language) d. Query
13. Which of the following is expanded form of SQL? [ b ]
a. Systematic Query Language
b. Structured Query Language
c. Software Query Language
d. Structural Query Language
14. Which of the following is not the advantage of database? [ a ]
a. Increase Data Consistency b. Data Security
b. Reduce Data Redundancy d. Sharing of data
15. Binary data types in a database can be used for storing. [ a ]
a. Photos, music files etc
b. Integer values
c. Only image files
d. Only video files
16. An SQL INSERT statement adds _____________ records to any single table in a relational
database. [ c ]
a. Only Two b. One c. One or More d. None of these
17. ___________ clause can be used with the SELECT statement in SQL to specify which rows to
retrieve from the table. [ a ]
a. WHERE b. GROUP c. SAME d. SIMILAR
18. Identify the property which help to set the number of characters in text / varchar type field of a
table in DBMS. [ b ]
a. Entry Required b. Length c. Default Value d. Size
19. A _________ is a database object that provides a systematic way to accept data from the user
and store it in a table of a database. [ d ]
a. Query b. Form c. Report d. Table
20. The details associated with an entity are called ________________. [ d ]
a. Records b. Tables c. Primary Key d. Attributes
21. Primary Keys are also _________ in the database, making it faster for the database to search for
a record. [ a ]
a. Indexed b. Defined c. Duplicated d. Replicated
22. The __________________ has evolved since the 1960 to ease increasing difficulties in designing,
building and maintaining complex information system. [ c ]
a. Forms Concept b. Knowledge Concept
c. Database Concept d. Formula
23. Record uniqueness in a table helps to avoid accidental _________ of records caused by user or
computer error. [ a ]
a. Duplication b. Key c. Deletion d. Removal
24. GUI act as front end and database server act as _________________. [ a ]
a. Backend b. End c. Container d. None of these
25. Data in RDBMS is organized in _________. [ b ]
a. Files b. Tables
c. Text related Only d. linked through network
26. In the relationship design screen, the relationship between the two tables is done using
__________ operation. [ a ]
a. Drag and Drop b. Click c. Double Click d. Right Click
27. Binary data types are used for storing data in _________. [ d ]
a. Integer Format b. Character Format
c. Text Format d. Binary Format
28. _____________________ are the ways to produce the data stored in databases and tables in a
printed form. [ a ]
a. Report b. Form c. Query d. Data
29. _________ means that the query uses criteria you provide to hide some data and present only
what you want to see. [ c ]
a. Indexing b. Sorting c. Filtering d. Relating
30. _______ command is used to restore database to original since the last commit. [ a ]
a. Rollback b. Select c. Review d. None of these
 Subjective Type Questions
Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words.
1. Give any two benefits of creating relationships between tables in a database.
A. Benefits of creating relationships between tables are:
Saves time as there is no need to enter the same data in separate tables.
 It helps in summarizing data from related tables.
 It reduces data redundancy
 It reduces data inconsistency
 It maintains data integrity
 It allows data sharing among all database users
 It allows centralized control of data
2. What are the different options needed to choose to maintain Referential Integrity?
A. The different options needed to choose to maintain Referential Integrity are:

No action: This is the default option. This option states that a user should not be allowed to
update or delete any record in the master table if any related record exists in the transaction
table.

Update cascade: This option allows the user to delete or update the referenced field but along
with it all the related records in any of the transaction tables will also be deleted or updated.

Set NULL: This option assigns NULL value to all the related fields if the master record is deleted
or updated.

Set default: This option assigns any fixed default value to all the related fields if the master record
is deleted or updated.

3. Explain any two types of relationship that can be created in tables.

A. There are three types of relationships which can be created in tables:
1. ONE to ONE
2. ONE to MANY or MANY to ONE
3. MANY to MANY

One to One Relationship: In this relationship, both the tables must have primary key columns.

One to Many Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key column.
It signifies that one column of primary key table is associated with all the columns of associated
table.
 Many to One Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have primary key column.
It signifies that all the columns of primary key table are associated with one column of associated
table.

4. What is Candidate key and Alternate key?

A. Candidate Key: All the field values that are eligible to be the primary key are the candidate keys
for that table. Such fields can neither be left blank nor can have duplicate values. So in the table
Student Marks, Enrollment Number and Roll Number both are candidate keys.
Alternate Key: Out of the candidate keys, one or two are made as primary keys. The others are
the alternate keys. Hence, if Roll Number is made as the primary key, Admission Number is the
Alternate key.
5. What is the difference between form and reports?
A. Form: A form provides the user a systematic way of collecting information for a database.
Reports: A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner.
6. Identify any 2 column names/attributes and their data types from a given table: PLAYER
PID PNAME RUNS GENDER DOB
P101 Sachin 13000 M 10-04-2001
P102 Kapil 7000 M 12-02-1998
P103 Saurabh 12000 M 13-04-2001
P104 Virat 12500 M 17-03-2005

A. PID  CHAR / VARCHAR / TEXT

PName  CHAR / VARCHAR / TEXT
Runs  INTEGER / INT / TINYINT / SMALLINT / MEDIUMINT / BIGINT / NUMBER
Gender  CHAR / VARCHAR / TEXT
DOB  DATE / DATETIME
7. Explain the RDBMS terms:
a. Entity
b. Field / Column
c. Data Values
A. Entity: It is a real world object about which information is to be stored in a database. The details
associated with the entity are called attributes. Each entity is a collection of these attributes
associated with it. These attributes are represented in the form of columns.
Field / Column: A field is the smallest entity in the database. A collection of fields makes a record,
a collection of records makes a table and a collection of tables make a database. Fields are
 individual record characteristics and are presented as columns within a table. Data values are
stored in a database as fields. A field holds the data values of one type of data for several persons.
Data Values: Data values are the raw data represented in numeric, character or alpha numeric
form.

Answer the following questions in 50 – 80 words.

1. In context of Base, explain the concept and significance of the following:

(a) Forms
(b) Reports.
A. Forms: A database form provides the user a systematic and interactive way of storing
information into the database. It is an interface in a user-specified layout that lets users view,
enter and change data directly in database objects such as tables.
Reports: A database report is the formatted and presentable result of data retrieved from
database objects like tables or queries. A report helps to display the data in a summarized
manner. It is used to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.
2. What is Data Model. Explain different types of data models.
A. A database can be designed in different ways depending on the data being stored. This structure
of database is known as data model that describes the manner in which data will be stored and
retrieved. A data model consists of components for describing the data, relationships among
them and the constraints that hold data. There are different data models such as hierarchical
data model, network data model and relational data model.
Hierarchical Data Model: In this model the data is organized into a tree like structure. The data
is stored in the form of records. A record is a collection of fields and its data values. All these
records are linked to each other at various levels, thereby forming a hierarchy.
Network Data Model: In this model, multiple records are linked to same master file. It is also
considered as an inverted tree where master is present in the bottom of the tree and the
branches contain information linked to the master.
Relational Data Model: This data model is based on the principle of setting relationships
between two or more tables of the same database. It is the most commonly used database
model.
3. Consider the table Product and write SQL queries for the following:
Table: Product

(a) To display names of all products whose category is ‘‘domestic’’.

(b) To display product name and price whose quantity is less than 50.
(c) To display price and quantity of Laptop.
(d) To display name and quantity of those products whose price is above 5000.

A. a) SELECT PNAME FROM PRODUCT WHERE CATEGORY = ’DOMESTIC’;

b) SELECT PNAME, PRICE FROM PRODUCT WHERE QUANTITY < 50;

c) SELECT PRICE, QUANTITY FROM PRODUCT WHERE PNAME = ‘LAPTOP’;

d) SELECT PNAME, QUANTITY FROM PRODUCT WHERE PRICE > 5000;

4. What is a datatype. Explain different types of datatypes.

A. A data type refers to the type of data that will be stored in that particular field. The memory size
of a field varies according to its data type.
Text Data Type: The text data is a combination of letters, numbers or special characters. No
arithmetic calculations can be performed on text data. The various text data types are
LongVarChar, Char, Varchar.
Numeric Data Type: Numeric data types consists of numbers. The numbers can be integer or real
numbers on which any type of arithmetic calculations can be performed. The various numeric
data types are TinyInt, SmallInt, Integer, BigInt, Numeric, Decimal, Float, Real, Double.
Currency Data Type: The currency data type indicates the monetary values and can be stored
using currencies of various countries.
Date Data Type: This data type is used to indicate dates and time. The various date data types
are Date, Time, Timestamp.
Boolean Data Type: In Boolean data type there can be only two values- True or False. This also
can be given in multiple formats like Yes/No, True/False, On/Off.
Binary Data Type: The Binary data type used to store digitized images and sounds that comes as
long string of zeros and ones.
5. Consider the following table: STUDENT

Write SQL Commands:

a) To display the details of all students of GREEN HOUSE.
b) To increase the marks by 5 whose ADMNO is 1005.
c) To display the details of all students whose MARKS are less than 80.
d) Display the list of all students in descending order of MARKS.
A. a) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE HOUSE = “GREEN”;
b) UPDATE STUDENT SET MARKS=MARKS+5 WHERE ADMNO=1005;
c) SELECT * FROM STUDENT WHERE MARKS <80;
d) SELECT * FROM STUDENT ORDER BY MARKS DESC;
 Previous Year Question Papers
Part B – Unit 4
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which one of the following is not a part of healthy lifestyle? [ c ]
a. Physical Activities b. Sound Sleep
c. Health eating habits d. Watching television for long hours
2. Natasha works as floor manager. She has been assigned a task for conducting regular__________
to ensure safety of life in case of any disaster or emergency by evacuating the place of danger.
[ c ]
a. Cultural assembly b. Open house events
c. Evacuation drill d. All of the above
3. ____________________ is the process of emptying a place in case of an emergency, disaster.
[ b ]
a. Accident b. Evacuation c. Hazards d. Exiting
4. ____________________ is an unplanned event that may happen all of a sudden and may lead to
unwanted or unprecedented results / outcomes. [ c ]
a. Emergency b. Hazard
c. Accident d. Illness
5. ___________ is the immediate assistance provided to the injured to save life and minimize health
loss till the proper medical aid/facility is provided. [ c ]
c. Rescue b. Evacuation c. First aid d. Surgery
6. During a safety training session, Sakshi learns about the tragic Bhopal Gas Tragedy. Thousands of
people died due to inhaling which poisonous gas? [ d ]
a. Carbon dioxide b. Carbon monoxide
b. Ethyl isocyanides d. Methyl isocyanides
7. An unexpected event with negative consequences occurring without the intention of the one
who suffers because of it. [ c ]
a. Evacuation b. Emergency c. Accident d. Celebrations
8. Identify the emergency situations from the following: [ a ]
(i) Extreme heat waves (ii) Chemical spills (iii) Hurricanes
(v) An unwanted guest at home (v) Floods (vi) No cold water bottles in the refrigerator
(vii) Drought (viii) Due date past for assignment submission
a. (i), (ii), (iii), (v), (vii) b. (iv), (vi), (viii)
b. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) d. (v), (vi), (vii), (vii)
 9. Any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effect. [ c ]
a. Emergency b. Accident c. Hazard d. First aid
10. From the points given below, select the most common causes of accidents at a workplace.
(i) Slipping, tripping and falling (ii) Fire (iii) Good electrical wiring in place
(iv) Exposure to toxic substances (v) Lifting of heavy objects
(vi) Observant employees (vii) Not putting up caution styles [ c ]
a. (i), (ii), (iii), (vii) b. (ii), (iii), (iv), (viii)
c. (i), (ii), (iv), (vii) d. All of these
11. ____________________ is the first response to an illness or injury before proper medical care is
provided. [ d ]
a. Rescue b. Evacuation c. Emergency d. First Aid
12. A situation which requires urgent attention as it poses immediate risk. [ b ]
a. Evacuation b. Emergency c. Accident d. Celebrations
13. In a fire emergency, which factor poses the greatest risk to individuals and causes more fatalities
due to its rapid spread and harmful effects. [ c ]
a. Flames b. Heat c. Smoke d. Burns

Subjective Type Questions

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words.
1. Mention any two basic fire safety rules to be followed in any organization.
A. Fire can be prevented using appropriate measures (Any two):
 Fire escape plans must be installed at proper levels.
 Install fire extinguishers.
 Conduct regular drills.
 Smoke alarms/fire detection system must be placed at proper intervals
 Keep workplace a no-smoking zone.
 Maintenance of safety equipment must be taken care of regularly.
 Provide fire safety training to all staff members.
2. What is non – emergency first aid?
A. Treatment that is initiated for minor injuries, cuts, pains or allergies by our own self such as
cleaning and bandaging cuts, taking over the counter medicines is called non – emergency first
aid. There may or may not be a need of advanced medical care in such cases.
3. What are the three P’s?
A. The three P’s are used to handle accidents. These are:
Preserve Life: The main objective of the first aid after accident should be to keep the person alive.
 Prevent Further Injury: The next aim should be to keep the injured person safe from further
injury.
Promote recovery: One should try to help and fix the injuries of the injured person.
4. How are water and foam fire extinguishers different.
A. Both the fire extinguishers work by taking away the heat element from the fire. However, water
fire extinguishers work for class A. fires only while foam fire extinguishers work for Class B and
Class C fires.
5. What precautions one should take while climbing the stairs at work place to avoid an accident?
A. While climbing stairs:
(1) Climb one step at a time.
(2) Keep one hand free to grasp the railing.
(3) Carry load as much as can do easily.
(4) Keep the vision unobstructed.
6. How can the dangers arisen due to smoke because of fire at a work place be maintained?
A. To avoid smoke due to fire, it is advised to cover mouth and nose with a wet cloth and lie down
or crawl on knees while moving out.
7. How essential is a safe and healthy workplace?
A. (1) A healthier and safer work place helps an organization to become more effective.
(2) Their productivity is higher as fewer days are lost.
(3) Efficiency and quality of workers is improved.
Answer the following questions in 50 – 80 words.
1. The office building where Karishma works suddenly was under fire, there are more than 200
people in the building. Describe the general process that should be followed.
A. The general process that should be followed is:
 As soon as the fire is spotted, fire alarm should be pulled.
 Those who first spot the fire, should leave the building immediately and inform others on the
way.
 Don’t create panic, or push others if the exit is crowded. Opt for another nearest exit.
 If possible shut down anything that may be hazardous.
 Use stairs. Never use lift.
 From a safe location dial 100 or 112 and inform about the exact location of the incident.
 Move to a safe distance from the building.
 Inform the dispatcher about anyone who is in-capable of self-evacuation.
 For specially abled individuals use special corridors meant for them.
  If stuck move to window and signal the responders about your presence.
 Never re-enter the area until emergency personnel authorize you to do so.
 Never ignore an evacuation alarm.
2. List some reasons for slips, trips and falls in work places.
A. Some of the common causes of Slips, trips and falls are:
 Loose cords and railing cables
 Wet floors
 Unnoticeable difference in the floor levels
 Improper lighting
 Not up-to-date housekeeping
 Floor coverings that do not fit
 Improper arrangement of office furnishings
 Previous Year Question Papers
Part A - Unit 1 & Unit 2
Multiple Choice Questions
1. _________________ refers to focusing human efforts for maintaining a healthy body and
mind, capable of withstanding stressful situations. [ b ]
a. Artificial Intelligence b. Stress Management
c. Motivation d. Emotional Intelligence
2. Which of the following is not the benefit of stress management? [ b ]
a. Boots Immunity b. Reduces efficiency
b. Improves Mood d. Prevents behavioral problems
3. Which of the following type of communication involves interchanging messages only
through images or pictures? [ c ]
a. Verbal b. Gesture c. Visual d. Facial
4. _________ is the ability to identify and manage one’s own emotions, as well as the
emotions of others. [ b ]
a. Self – Awareness b. Emotional Intelligence
c. Stress Management d. Emotional Barrier
5. _________ is the driving force that pushes us to achieve our goals, feel happy and improve
our quality of life. [ d ]
a. Stress Management b. Self – Awareness
c. Self – Growth d. Self – Motivation
6. _________ is the ability to work independently. [ a ]
a. Motivation b. Self – Awareness
b. Self – reliance d. Adaptability
7. Identify the situation/thing which leads to mental stress among children. [ b ]
a. Stress due to change of Principal of school
b. Stress due to examination grades
c. Stress due to problems in friend’s family
d. Stress due to waking up in the morning
 Subjective Type Questions

1. What is self - awareness? Also give any two benefits of self – awareness.
A. Self-Awareness refers to the knowledge and understanding of our self. it includes the
knowledge of our emotions, beliefs, assumptions, biases, knowledge base abilities,
motivations, interests etc...,
Benefits of self – awareness:
 Being better able to manage and regulate your emotions.
 Better communication.
 Better decision-making skills.
 Improved relationships.
 Higher levels of happiness.
 More confidence.
 Better job satisfaction.
 Better leadership skills.
2. How can cultural differences be a barrier to effective communication?
A. People sometimes make stereotypical assumptions about others based on their cultural
background, this leads to difference in opinions and can be a major barrier to effective
communication. It helps us in converting our strength into an exceptional talent.
3. Explain any two benefits of stress management.
A. Benefits of Self – Management:
Increased productivity and efficiency
Improved decision making
Reduced stress and anxiety
Enhanced self – esteem and confidence
Stronger relationships
Greater overall well – being
4. What is the difference between yoga and meditation?
A. Yoga and Meditation helps in generating positive energy and self-confidence. It is one of
the best methods to concentrate and solve the mind conflicts. Many breathing exercises
and postures have been proven to cure stress-related issues. Learner understand what she
or he needs to do in order to improve. Here general comments are to be avoided. The
statements are given with examples that help the receiver take right decision.
 Previous Year Question Papers
Part A – Unit 3
Multiple Choice Questions
1. ______________________ is a horizontal bar present at bottom of the Windows 7 desktop.
[ c ]
a. Status bar b. Menu bar c. Task bar d. Recycle bin
2. ______________ are the computer programs that can damage the data and software programs
or steal the information stored on a computer. [ b ]
a. Spam b. Viruses c. Junk mail d. BIOS
3. The filename and filename extension are separated by a ______________. [ b ]
a. Dollar ($)
b. Dot (.)
c. Underscore (_)
d. Hash (#)
4. A _________________ operating system is a computing environment that reacts to input within
a specific period of time. [ b ]
a. Single – user
b. Real – time
c. Multi – user
d. Distributed
5. The _____________________ operating system was developed by Nokia for certain models of
smartphones. [ c ]
a. Android
b. iOS
c. Symbian
d. BOSS
6. An ___________________ is a software program that manages the hardware and software
resources of a computer. [ b ]
a. Application
b. Operating System
c. System
d. None of these
 7. A ___________________ is a software that helps you type and work with text on a computer.
[ a ]
a. Word Processor
b. Spreadsheet
c. Calculator
d. DBMS
8. Which file organization method is the fastest? [ a ]
a. Sequential b. Serial
c. Random d. Indexed – sequential
9. T in FAT stands for what? [ b ]
a. Terminology d. Table
c. Test d. Total
10. Which of the following is not a basis for maintenance schedule? [ b ]
a. Annually b. Bi – Annual
c. Monthly d. Daily

Answer the following in 20 – 30 words each

1. what is Batch Processing Operating system?

A. In this type of os, a large batch processing computer system is installed and input is given in the
form of batches. each batch include set of jobs to be done and the batches are inserted into
appropriate slots and upon processing output is generated and it is provided to user.
2. Name different directory structure
A. Single level directory structure
Two level directory structure
Tree Structured directory structure
Acyclic Graph directory structure
3. Name the types of File system Structures available in operating system
A. FAT-File allocation Table
FAT 32-File allocation Table 32
Ex-FAT-Extensible File allocation Table
NTFS-New Technology File system
 Previous Year Papers
Part A - Unit 4
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following is not an essential quality to become a successful entrepreneur?
[ d ]
a. Confidence b. Creativity
c. Patience d. Wealthy
2. Which of the following is not true about for entrepreneurs? [ c ]
a. They create needs and demands
b. They provide raw materials
c. They do not create jobs
d. They help society by supporting infrastructure development.
3. Karishma injects funds into those new ventures, that seem to her convincing in lieu of convertible
debt. She is a _____________________. [ c ]
a. Angel Investor
b. Venture Capitalist
c. Entrepreneur
d. Intrapreneur
4. State which of the following is a reality about entrepreneurship. [ b ]
a. Entrepreneurship has no role in raised standard of living
b. Entrepreneurship makes a person role model of others
c. Entrepreneurs are not able to create wealth
d. Entrepreneurs solve problems to improve lives of others
5. Entrepreneurship contributes to the personal betterment of an individual. Select the statement
which is not in adherence to the above statement. [ c ]
a. One can set his own schedule according to his / her own
b. It gives an opportunity to work on one’s passion
c. Entrepreneurs are not able to create wealth
d. Entrepreneurs solve problems to improve lives of others
 6. Dheeraj needs a machine for her venture but she doesn’t have enough funds. She decides to get
funds from a specialized bank. She is availing _____________________. [ d ]
a. Equity financing b. Crowd funding
c. ECB d. Venture debt
7. Select a myth about entrepreneurs from the following. [ c ]
a. Entrepreneurs look out for what people wont
b. Entrepreneurs use materials available in the local markets to materialize their ideas
c. Entrepreneurs have no idea in the development of the society
d. Entrepreneurs are self – disciplined people
8. When Sarah helps her elderly neighbour carry groceries home, it showcases her empathy. Which
option best exemplifies this concept? [ b ]
a. A Manner b. Behavior
c. Quality d. Nature
9. Aman, a new entrepreneur, is working to expand his business by finding a suitable market. He
focuses on promoting his products through advertisements and publicity while appointing selling
agents to ensure better market reach. To find a suitable market an entrepreneur performs the
functions of _______________. [ d ]
a. advertisement and publicity b. appointment of selling agents
c. new organization structure d. Both a & b
10. Ravi, a budding entrepreneur, is learning about effective leadership in his management class. He
wants to know the best approach to get work done efficiently from his team. Based on this, how
can an entrepreneur get the work done from his/her team? [ d ]
a. By creating a spirit of teamwork b. By Motivation
c. Using harsh words and actions d. Both a & b

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words

1. What do you mean by the term entrepreneur?

A. Entrepreneurs are the drivers of society. They contribute to things such as national employment,
innovation, society building, community rejuvenation, economic development, etc. They provide
opportunities that create social benefits for a community. They contribute to the welfare of society.
2. Explain any two functions of an entrepreneur.
A. Four important functions of an entrepreneur are:
i. Innovation, ii. Risk-taking, iii. Research, iv. Catalyst of economic development
3. Explain the role and significance of entrepreneurs.
A. The role and significance of an entrepreneur are as follows:
Bringing Economic Growth and Prosperity: Entrepreneurs bring economic growth and prosperity in
the country by generating employment opportunities, creation, increasing per capital income and
GDP(Gross Domestic Product), improving in quality of life by raising the standard of living and
providing economic independence to people. Bringing Social Stability and Balanced Regional
Development. Entrepreneurs play an important and unique role in bringing social stability and
balanced regional development absorbing the workforce in industries removing of poverty,
improving health and education facilities, creating fair competition, promoting equitable distribution
of income, creating social infrastructure, empowering women and weaker sections of the society
and supplying qualitative goods and services.
4. Priya plans to start her own business and is learning about the key roles an entrepreneur plays. She
is particularly interested in understanding how innovation and risk-taking contribute to
entrepreneurial success. Describe the following functions of an entrepreneur:
(i) Innovation (ii) Risk-bearing
A. Innovation: Creating new ways of doing something or establishing a new business.
Risk bearing: Taking risk and facing uncertainty.
5. What are the disadvantages of entrepreneurship?
A. The disadvantages of entrepreneurship are as follows:
I. Risk: An entrepreneurship involves high risk of loss. If the business fails, then it will wipe away all
the personal savings.
II. Uncertain Income: There is no regular income available to an entrepreneur. So, there is uncertain
kind of income received by an entrepreneur.
6. What is an enterprise?
A. A business unit setup by an entrepreneur to support sales is known as an enterprise.
7. What is entrepreneurship?
A. Entrepreneurship is a dynamic activity that helps the entrepreneur to bring changes and innovation
in the process of production. Entrepreneurship comes from a French word ‘Entrependre’, which
means individuals who are ‘undertakers’, i.e., those who take the risk of anew enterprise.
8. Explain how entrepreneurs and society are interconnected.
A. Entrepreneurs are the drivers of society. They contribute to things such as national employment,
innovation, society building, community rejuvenation, economic development, etc. They provide
opportunities that create social benefits for a community. They contribute to the welfare of society.
 9. List any four important functions of an entrepreneur.
A. Four important functions of an entrepreneur are: Innovation, Risk-taking, Research, Catalyst
of economic development
10. Mention the function of an entrepreneur in establishing relations with government.
A. An entrepreneur must establish good relations with government and its functionaries. His functions
are to obtain licenses, payment of taxes, selling the product to government, provision for export-
import, etc.
11. How entrepreneur is helpful in capital formation?
A. An entrepreneur is helpful in capital formation as we know that increase in the rate of capital
formation is quite essential for the economic development of any country.
12. Give any two advantages of entrepreneurship.
A. The two advantages of entrepreneurship are as follows:
i. Entrepreneurship helps in creating employment opportunities.
ii. Entrepreneurship makes an individual independent, confident and also instils leadership skills.
13. What are the disadvantages of entrepreneurship?
A. The disadvantages of entrepreneurship are as follows:
i. Risk: An entrepreneurship involves high risk of loss. If the business fails, then it will wipe
away all the personal savings.
ii. Uncertain Income: There is no regular income available to an entrepreneur. So, there is
uncertain kind of income received by an entrepreneur.
14. What are the career opportunities for an entrepreneur?
A. An entrepreneur can become an educationist, artist, professional, homemaker, restaurateur,
businessman, service sector worker or an inventor.
15. What are the employment opportunities available for entrepreneurs?
A. Some employment opportunities available for entrepreneurs are as follows:
Start-ups in a range of industries, Family business, Research, Development sector, Contract ventures,
Corporate ventures.
 Previous Year Questions
Part A – Unit 5
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In total, how many SDGs were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to
end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and prosperity?
[ c ]
a. 13 b. 11 c. 17 d. 19
2. Which SDG aims to end poverty in all its forms everywhere? [ a ]
a. SDG 1
b. SDG 2
c. SDG 3
d. SDG 4
3. SDG 2 focuses on which of the following? [ c ]

a) Quality Education

b) Gender Equality

c) Zero Hunger

d) Clean Water and Sanitation

4. What is the primary objective of SDG 3? [ a ]

a) Good Health and Well-being

b) Decent Work and Economic Growth

c) Reduced Inequalities

d) Life Below Water

5. Which SDG aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education? [ c ]

a) SDG 2

b) SDG 3

c) SDG 4

d) SDG 5

6. SDG 5 aims to achieve which of the following? [ b ]

a) No Poverty

b) Gender Equality

c) Affordable and Clean Energy

d) Climate Action
 7. What is the goal of SDG 6? [ c ]

a) Affordable and Clean Energy

b) Decent Work and Economic Growth

c) Clean Water and Sanitation

d) Life on Land

8. Which SDG focuses on ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy?
[ b ]

a) SDG 6

b) SDG 7

c) SDG 8

d) SDG 9

9. SDG 8 promotes which of the following? [ c ]

a) Climate Action

b) Life Below Water

c) Decent Work and Economic Growth

d) Partnerships for the Goals

10. What is the focus of SDG 9? [ a ]

a) Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

b) Sustainable Cities and Communities

c) Life on Land

d) Peace, Justice, and Strong Institution

Answer the following questions in 20 – 30 words:

1. What is sustainable development?
A. Sustainable development is a concept that aims to meet the needs of the present generation
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves finding
a balance between economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being.
2. How many SDGs are included in Agenda for sustainable development 2030 by General Assembly?
A. In September 2015, the General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
that include 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Building on the principle of “Leaving no one
behind”, the new Agenda emphasizes a holistic approach to achieving sustainable development for
all.
 3. What are the measures being taken for implementing the SDGs in India?
A. Many of the Government’s flagship programmers such as Swachh Bharat, Make in India, Skill India,
and Digital India are at the core of the SDGs. To implement SDGs in India, following measures have
been taken:
Government of India’s premier think tank, the NITI Aayog, has been given the responsibility of
supervising and coordinating the actions, schemes etc. SDGs.
States have been directed to implement and ensure the action, implementation and monitoring of
centrally sponsored schemes for implementing SDGs.
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has been made responsible for
developing national indicators for the SDGs.
4. Why is sustainable development important?
A. Sustainable development is important because it ensures that we use resources responsibly,
protecting the environment and ensuring that future generations can meet their needs.
5. How does sustainable development benefit the environment?
A. Sustainable development benefits the environment by promoting the conservation of natural
resources, reducing pollution, and encouraging the use of renewable energy sources.
6. What are the social benefits of sustainable development?
A. Sustainable development promotes social benefits by reducing poverty, improving health and
education, and fostering social equity and inclusion.
7. Explain the role of sustainable development in combating climate change.
A. Sustainable development combats climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions,
promoting renewable energy, and enhancing resilience to climate impacts through sustainable
practices.
8. Why is it crucial to consider future generations in sustainable development?
A. Considering future generations in sustainable development is crucial because it ensures that they
have access to the resources and opportunities necessary for their well-being and survival.
9. How does sustainable development promote a better quality of life?
A. Sustainable development promotes a better quality of life by ensuring clean air and water,
providing access to education and healthcare, and fostering economic stability and social well-
being.
10. How does SDG 14: Life Below Water contribute to sustainability?
A. SDG 14 aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources, which are
crucial for maintaining biodiversity and supporting livelihoods.