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CLAUSES

The document explains different types of clauses in English grammar, including main (independent) clauses, subordinate (dependent) clauses, and verbless clauses. It details the functions of each clause type, such as noun, adjective, and adverb clauses, and provides examples for clarity. Additionally, it includes practice sentences to illustrate the functions of various clauses in context.

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16 views4 pages

CLAUSES

The document explains different types of clauses in English grammar, including main (independent) clauses, subordinate (dependent) clauses, and verbless clauses. It details the functions of each clause type, such as noun, adjective, and adverb clauses, and provides examples for clarity. Additionally, it includes practice sentences to illustrate the functions of various clauses in context.

Uploaded by

pfcsdtks9r
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

Main Clauses (Independent Clauses)


Definition: A clause that can stand alone as a complete sentence.

Function: Expresses a complete thought.

 I went to the market.


 She is very tired.

2. Subordinate Clauses (Dependent Clauses)


Definition: A clause that cannot stand alone and depends on a main clause to make sense.

Types:

a. Noun Clauses
Function: Acts as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

 What he said surprised everyone. (Subject)


 I know that she is coming. (Object)
 The problem is who will lead the team. (Complement)

b. Adjective (Relative) Clauses


Function: Modifies a noun or pronoun in the sentence.

 The boy who won the race is my friend.


 This is the house that Jack built.

c. Adverb (Adverbial) Clauses


Function: Acts as an adverb, modifying a verb, adjective, or another adverb.

 We will leave when the rain stops. (Time)


 She succeeded because she worked hard. (Reason)
 Wherever you go, I will follow. (Place)

3. Verbless Clauses
Definition: A clause that lacks a verb but still has meaning.

Function: Adds context, often as a time, reason, or condition.

 When in doubt, ask for help.


 While at work, she remained focused.
4. Clause Functions in Sentences
a. Subject : What he said is true.

b. Object : I know that she is honest.

c. Complement : The truth is that we must act now.

d. Modifier : The man who called earlier is waiting.

e. Adjunct (Adverbial Clause) : I stayed home because it was raining.

PRACTICE: functions of clauses

1. To get good grades in the exam one should work hard.

To get good grades in the exam - Adverbial clause (purpose).

2. You should know that the grammar course is the key to understand syntax.

That the grammar course is the key to understand syntax - Noun clause (direct object of "know").

3. If any questions feel free to ask them any time.

If any questions - Verbless clause (condition).

4. I only wanted to help you.

To help you - Noun clause (object complement).

5. Painting the kitchen will take ages.

Painting the kitchen - Noun clause (subject of "will take").

6. I went into town in order to buy some shoes.

In order to buy some shoes - Adverbial clause (purpose).


7. As I believe there is no harm in treating all people nicely.

As I believe - Adverbial clause (reason).

8. What is more, she was an active member of the party.

What is more - Adverbial clause (connective adjunct).

9. We finally decided what to do.

What to do - Noun clause (object of "decided").

10. Before you call Tom, make sure he is not having a class at the moment.

Before you call Tom - Adverbial clause (time).

11. This book will be given to anyone who is interested in drama.

Who is interested in drama - Relative clause (modifying "anyone").

12. Do you know who won the prize?

Who won the prize - Noun clause (object of "know").

13. Whatever you decide will be adopted.

Whatever you decide - Noun clause (subject of "will be adopted").

14. That man, who is wearing the blue T-shirt, is my cousin.

Who is wearing the blue T-shirt - Relative clause (modifying "man").

15. The teacher gave whoever was absent in the exam a failing mark.

Whoever was absent in the exam - Noun clause (indirect object of "gave").

16. The price is what is most important.

What is most important - Noun clause (subject complement).


17. Even though the sun was shining, it was still very cold.

Even though the sun was shining - Adverbial clause (contrast).

18. Have you still got the book I gave you?

I gave you - Relative clause (modifying "book").

19. Leave those books wherever you like.

Wherever you like - Adverbial clause (place).

20. In saying that, I do not mean any harm to you.

In saying that - Verbless clause (reason).

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