Course Handout (2024-25 ODD SEMESTER)

Subject Name/Code : FUNDAMENTALS OF DBMS(BTCS-T-OE-040) Branch/Sem/Batch :

ECE 5 SEM (A),ECE 5 SEM
(C),EEE 5 SEM (A)
Name of Faculty : NIMAI CHARAN SAHOO , Pragyan Paramita Das
Scope & Objective -:

The objective of the course is to introduce the fundamental aspects involved in the design, implementation, and operation of
relational database systems, learn & use data manipulation language, explore the details of transaction processing, concurrency
control, and recovery techniques.

Pre-Requisite -:

Detailed Syllabus:
Module# CO Topics Hours
Introduction to Database Systems: Basic concepts and
definitions, three schema architecture, data independence,
data models, types of data models, database languages,
Module-1 CO1 integrity, database users, Entity-Relationship model, 10
Constraints & Keys, Extended Entity Relationship model,
Relational model, Mapping of E-R model to relational schema,
System structure of DBMS, Codd’s 12 Rules.
Query Languages: Relational Algebra, basic operations, join
operations, grouping & aggregation, Tuple Relational Calculus,
Domain Relational Calculus, Query-By-Example, Structured
Module-2 CO2 10
Query Language (SQL): Create/Alter Tables, Constraints,
Selection, Insertion, Modification, Deletion, Functions, Joins,
Views.
Database Design: Functional dependencies, Armstrong axioms,
Attribute closure, Normalization: Dependency & attribute
Module-3 CO3 preservation, lossless join; Normal Forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, 8
BCNF, Testing for lossless design, Multi- Valued Dependency
(MVD), 4NF and 5NF.
Storage Strategies: Storage Architecture, File and Record
Organization, Types of Indexes, B-Tree, B+ Tree, Index Files,
Module-4 CO4 7
Hashing; Query processing and optimization: Evaluation of
Relational Algebra expressions, Query Optimization.
Transaction Processing: Basic concepts, ACID Properties,
Serializability, Concurrency Control Schemes – Lock-based &
Timestamp-based protocols, Deadlock handling, deadlock
Module-5 CO5 7
prevention, detection and recovery; Database Recovery: types
of database failures, Recovery techniques: log-based recovery,
checkpoints, shadow paging.
Total 42 Hours

# Topic Module Chapter Course Coverage No of Classes

Introduction to Database Systems,

1 Module-1 TRUE 1
Disadvantages of File System
3-level Schema architecture, Database
2 Module-1 TRUE 1
Languages, Database Users, Role of DBA
Data Models: Entity Relationship Model,
3 Module-1 TRUE 1
Network and Object Oriented Data Models
Entity Relationship Model, Constraints
4 Module-1 TRUE 1
,Types of Keys
Weak Entity Set,Strong Entity Set,Symbols
5 Module-1 TRUE 1
used in E-R Diagram
 Extended Entity Relationship Model:
6 Module-1 TRUE 1
Generalization, Specialization, Aggregation
Relational Model, Properties of Relational
7 Model, Types of Keys, Constraint of Module-1 TRUE 1
Relational Model
8 Mapping of E-R model to Relational schema Module-1 TRUE 1
9 System structure of DBMS Module-1 FALSE 1
10 Codd’s 12 Rules Module-1 FALSE 1
Query Language: Types of Query Language;
11 Relational Algebra Operation: Selection, Module-2 TRUE 1
Projection
12 Cartesian Product,Set Operations, Rename Module-2 TRUE 1
13 Join Operation: Theta Join, Natural Join Module-2 TRUE 1
14 Left, Right, Full Outer Join Module-2 TRUE 1
15 Division, Insert, Delete, Update Operation Module-2 TRUE 1
Tuple Relational Calculus, Domain
16 Module-2 FALSE 1
Relational Calculus
17 Query Language (SQL): Create/Alter Tables Module-2 TRUE 1
18 Constraints, Selection, Insertion, Module-2 TRUE 1
19 Modification, Deletion Module-2 TRUE 1
Database Design: Functional dependencies,
20 Module-3 TRUE 1
Inference Rules
21 Equivalence of Sets of FDs Module-3 TRUE 1
22 Normalization, Normal forms: 1NF, 2NF Module-3 TRUE 1
23 Third Normal Form, BCNF Module-3 TRUE 1
24 Loss-less Join Module-3 TRUE 1
Dependency Preservation, Attribute
25 Module-3 TRUE 1
Preservation
26 Normal Forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF Module-3 TRUE 1
Multi- Valued Dependency (MVD), 4NF and
27 Module-3 TRUE 1
5NF
28 Storage Strategies: Storage Architecture Module-4 TRUE 1
29 File and Record Organization Module-4 FALSE 1
30 Types of Indexes, B-Tree, B+ Tree Module-4 TRUE 1
31 Index Files, Hashing; Module-4 FALSE 1
32 Query processing and optimization Module-4 TRUE 1
Evaluation of Relational Algebra
33 Module-4 TRUE 1
expressions
34 Query Optimization Module-4 TRUE 1
Transaction Processing: Basic concepts,
35 Module-5 TRUE 1
ACID Properties
36 Serializability Module-5 TRUE 1
37 Concurrency Control Schemes – Lock-based Module-5 TRUE 1
38 Timestamp-based protocols Module-5 TRUE 1
Deadlock handling, deadlock prevention,
39 Module-5 TRUE 1
detection and recovery
Database Recovery: types of database
40 Module-5 TRUE 1
failures
41 Recovery techniques: log-based recovery Module-5 TRUE 1
42 checkpoints, shadow paging Module-5 TRUE 1

Total no. of classes : 42

Text Book
A. Silberschatz, H. F. Korth, and S. Sudarshan, Database System Concepts, 6th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2013, ., .
R. Elmasri and S. B. Navathe, Fundamentals of Database Systems, 7th Edition, Pearson Education, 2016, ., .
I. Bayross, SQL, PL/SQL - The Programming Language of Oracle, 1st Edition, BPB Publications, 2010, ., .

Reference Book
R. Ramakrishnan and J. Gekhre, Database Management Systems, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2003, ., .
R. P. Mahapatra and G. Verma, Database Management Systems, 1st Edition, Khanna Publishing, 2013, ., .
C. J. Date, Introduction to Database Systems, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, 2003, ., .
Online Reference Material(s):

1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106104135/: by Prof. A. Bhattacharya, IIT Kanpur

2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106105175/: by Prof. P. P. Das, IIT Kharagpur
3. https://cs145-fa18.github.io/
4. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-830-
databasesystems-fall-2010/lecture-notes/
5. https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/SQLRF/toc.htm: Oracle SQL Reference

Course Outcome:
Explain the significance of database management system, its functional components, create E-R
CO1
model and relational schema for databases of real world applications.
Construct queries using Relational Algebra, Relational Calculus, and perform various database
CO2
operations using structured query language (SQL).
Design relational databases based on real-world requirements and normalize the designs using
CO3
different normalization techniques.
Get an insight to storage structures, various indexing techniques and access methods using those
CO4
indexes, and devise optimal query execution strategies for efficient query processing.
Resolve concurrency control issues in transaction processing, and recover a database to its current
CO5
state in case of failures.

Program Outcomes Relevent to the Course:

Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals,
PO1
and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems
Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering
PO2 problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural
sciences, and engineering sciences.
Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
PO3 system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for
the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
PO4 including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
PO5 engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with
an understanding of the limitations.
The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
PO6 societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
PO7 societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
PO8
the engineering practice.
Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
PO9
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
PO10 community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports
and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering
PO11 and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team,
to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
 Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
PO12
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

Mapping of CO's to PO's: (1: Low, 2: Medium, 3: High)

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO12
CO1 2 3 2 1 2 1
CO2 3 3 3 2 1 1 2
CO3 3 3 3 2 1 2
CO4 2 2 2 2 1 1 1
CO5 2 3 3 2 2 1