Chapter 2: Analysis and Design of RC Slabs per

EBCS
Note:

This is a project by Abdirashid Mohamed Dahir. All reference materials can be found at the end of
each part in a series of lectures tailored for civil engineering students.

Kindly, don’t hesitate to drop your comments to the email: [email protected]

2. Slab Analysis and Design

2.1 Introduction

2.2 General introduction

This booklet contains a static calculation of structural analysis and design of

apartment located in Debre Berhan. The structure has 6 stories one basement,
one ground, and G + 4 stories with a solid slab floor system.

The solid slab system is modeled in 2D, just for the academic. Analysis and
design comprise roofing (EGA sheet), purlin, truss members, beams, columns,
stairs, slabs and footings.

Loads for analysis include dead (self & transferred) loads, live loads, wind load,
and earth quack (lateral) loads.

Analysis of frames in 2D/3D involves:

 Modeling based on architectural drawing.

 Stiffness computation
 Mass calculation
 Center of mass & center of gravity determination.
 Story shear distribution
 Lateral load distribution according to stiffness of frame elements
(columns)
 Modeling on SAP 2000-V16/ SAFE –V12:
o Definition of material, frame section, load cases, analysis
cases, & combination.
o Drawing the model
o Assigning joint constraints (joint restraints, diaphragm) lateral
& gravity loads.
o Set analysis options
 Run analysis options & export relevant analysis report.

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Using result of analysis of each of the cases, design of structural elements
(slabs, beams, columns, stair, &footing) for flexure, lateral & axial load and
shear followed. In addition design for development length is carried out. Finally,
representative structural detail drawing is produced.

2.3 Overview of building

a. Ground Floor Plan

b. Typical Floor Plan

c. Section A-A

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2.4 Quality of Construction and Method of Analysis
o Class –I work is assumed
o Ultimate limit state (ULS) method for loading and serviceability limit
state (SLS) for analysis
For concrete (gc), persistent and transit gc=1.5
Accidental g c=1.3
For steel (gs), persistent and transit gs=1.15
Accidental gs=1.00

2.5 Construction materials

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Considering availability of quality construction materials and skilled
workmanship; C25 and steel of grade S300 are used:

Concrete C-25:

25
f ck = =20 MPa
1.25

0.85 fck 0.85 (20)

f cd = = =11.33 MPa and
γc 1.5

Fck=0.7fctm,fctm=0.3*fck2/3

=0.21* fck2/3=1.5473/1.5=1.0315Mpa

f ctd=fctk/g=1.5473/1.5=1.0315Mpa

Ec =9.5*(fck+8)1/3=9.5*(20+8)1/3=28.85Gpa≈29 Gpa

γ=25KN/m3

Steel S300:

fyk=300Mpa

f yk 300
f yd = = =260.87 MPa∧¿
γs 1.15

0.5 0.5
ρmin= = =0.00125
fy 400

γ=77KN/m3

E s=200Gpa

Flooring

Marble tile=27KN/m3

PVC flooring= 16KN m3

Wall

HCB γ HCB=14KN/ m3

Glazing

Glass= 25 KN/m3

Aluminum= 27 KN/m3

4|Page
2.6 Loading
Since the site is located in Debre Berhan, seismic zone 4 area, according to
EBCS-8/95, in addition to vertical loads, earthquake analysis was considered.
The major loadings considered are:

Vertical Loading: Dead Load (DL) - (Self Weight, Wall Load and Finishing Load,
Roof loading)

Live load (LL)

Lateral Loading: Earthquake load in X and Y direction (EQ X & EQy)

Wind Load

The above loadings make up a total of nine different combinations.

no. combination name factored loading combination

1 Comb1 1.3DL+1.6LL

2 Comb2,3 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)±EQx

3 Comb4,5 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)±EQy

4 Comb6,7 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)±EQx±5%Eccentricity in y dir

5 Comb8,9 0.75(1.3DL+1.6LL)±EQy±5%Eccentricity in x dir

Out of the five combinations the critical case was taken for the analysis and
design of beams, slabs and columns. The footing was analyzed and designed for
Combo1 (Vertical Loading).

2.6 Codes and References

EBCS 1-1995 EBCS 2-1995 and associated tables & charts

EBCS 5-1995 EBCS 6-1995

EBCS 7-1995 EBCS 8-1995 and

Euro Code 2-1992 (as used by the software), almost similar to EBCS-2/95

2.7 Design aids

 Sap 2000 –V16 for modeling and analysis of solid slab G+4 building as 3D
frame.
 Safe-V12 for modeling and detailing of solid slab.
 Ms-Word, Ms-Excel are also used to facilitate computation and edition of
this booklet

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  AutoCAD 2015 for detailing of reinforcement of all structural members.
2.8 Floor Analysis and Design
2.8.1 Ground Floor Slab

The design of ground floor slab is similar to that of the other floor slab. In the
ground floor slab design we have two alternatives:

1. To lay the slab on the ground when the stability & strength of the ground
soil is good.
2. To suspend the ground floor slab on the tie-beams like the other floor.
 In our case we made the 100mm slab lay on 250mm hard core for our
academic interest.

2.9.2Typical floor slab

Depth determination

The minimum effective depth from serviceability

d¿
[ 0 . 4+0 . 6 ( )
f yk Le
400 β a ] [EBCS-2,1995. Art5.2.3]

fyk=300Mpa

Where,

Le = Effective span length, for two way slabs the shorter span

β a = Constant, a function of restraint, [EBCS-2, 1995, Table 5.1]

d
[
¿ 0 . 4 +0 .6
400 βa ]
(300 ) Le

Le
¿ 0 . 85
βa

6|Page
 2-1 Minimum Depth for deflection

Slab Span Span Effective Classificati

No Ly Le ratio type βa depth, d on
S1 4550 1200 3.8 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S2 2900 1200 2.4 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S3 5500 4550 1.2 Two Way 38 101.78 End span
S4 5500 5500 1.0 Two Way 40 116.88 Edge span
S5 5500 5500 1.0 Two Way 40 116.88 Edge span
S6 5500 2680 2.1 One Way 10 227.8 Edge span
S7 3250 1200 2.7 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S8 5500 3250 1.7 Two Way 33 83.7 Edge span
S9 5500 2680 2.1 One Way 10 227.8 Edge span
S10 5500 5500 1.0 Two Way 40 116.9 Edge span
S11 5500 5500 1.0 Two Way 40 116.9 Edge span
S12 2900 1200 2.4 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S13 2600 1200 2.2 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S14 5500 4550 1.2 Two Way 38 101.78 Edge span
S15 5000 4550 1.1 Two Way 39 99.17 End span
S16 5500 5000 1.1 Two Way 39 108.97 Edge span
interior
S17 5500 5000 1.1 Two Way 44 96.59 span
S18 1680 1200 1.4 Two Way 10 102 cantilever
S19 3820 1200 3.2 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S20 5000 2680 1.9 Two Way 31 73.48 Edge span
S21 5000 2680 1.9 Two Way 31 73.48 Edge span
interior
S22 5500 5000 1.1 Two Way 44 96.59 span
S23 3820 1200 3.2 One Way 10 102 cantilever
S24 1680 1200 1.4 Two Way 10 102 cantilever
S25 5500 5000 1.1 Two Way 39 108.97 Edge span
S26 5000 4550 1.1 Two Way 39 99.17 End span

Governing depths

One way slab=227.8mm is the governing depth

Two way slab=116.9mm is the governing depth

For one way slabs

The maximum effective depth so far was 228mm assuming ∅12 main
reinforcement bars and 15mm clear cover

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 D=228+12/2+15=249mm

Take D=250mm==> d=250-12/2-15=229mm

For two way slabs

The maximum effective depth so far was d=117mm assuming ∅12 main
reinforcement bars and 15mm clear cover

D=117+12/2+15=138mm

Take D=150mm==> d=150-12/2-15=129mm

Loading

i. Dead Load

 SELF WEIGHT
150mm RC slab=0.13*25=3.75KN/m2
250mm RC slab=0.20*25=6.25KN/m2
 30mm cement screed=0.03*23=0.69KN/m
 20mm floor finish(terrazzo tile, ceramic, or PVC)
 20mm ceiling plaster=0.02*23=0.46KN/m2
 Partition wall with finishing distributed over the respective panels:

Due to partition wall

The unit specific weight of 15cm thickness Pumice Hollow Block is taken
the average value of 12KN/m3. And plastering of 25mm both sides

[EBCS 1, 1995, Art 2.4.2]

Weight due to partition wall = (0.15*12*2.85) + (0.025*23*2.85*2)

= 8.41KN/m

Pannel-3
8.41KN/m x (3.25+3.25+2.18+1.15)=82.7KN
82 .7 KN
=3 . 3 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗4 .55 m
Panel-5
8.41(4.1+5.5)=80.74KN

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 80 . 74 KN
=2 . 67 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗5 . 5 m
Pannel-6
8.41(2.68)=22.54 KN
22 .54 KN
=1 .53 KN /m2
==> 2. 68 m∗5 . 5 m
Pannel-8
8.41(3.25)=27.33 KN

27 . 33 KN
=1 . 53 KN /m2
==> 3. 25 m∗5 . 5 m

Pannel-9
8.41(2.68)=22.54 KN
22 .54 KN
=1 .53 KN /m2
5. 5 m∗2 . 68 m
==>

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 Pannel-10
8.41KN/m x (5.5+2.5+1.95)=83.68KN
83 . 68 KN
=2 .76 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗5 . 5 m
Pannel-14
8.41(3.25+3.25+2.18+1.15) =82.67KN
82 .67 KN
=3 . 3 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗4 .55 m
Panel-16
8.41(3.8+1.85)=47.52KN
47 . 52 KN
=1. 72 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗5 m
Pannel-17
8.41(4+0.9+1.4+0.55)=57.6 KN
57 . 6 KN
=2 .1 KN /m2
==> 5. 5 m∗5 m
Pannel-22
8.41(4+1.85)=49.2 KN

49 . 2 KN
=1. 79 KN /m2
==> 5 m∗5 .5 m

Pannel-25
8.41(4+1.7)=47.94 KN
47 . 94 KN
=1. 74 KN /m2
5. 5 m∗5 m
==>
Pannel-26
8.41(3.4+0.85+0.2)=37.42 KN
37 . 42 KN
=1. 645 KN /m2
==> 4 . 55 m∗5 m

Note: Wall loads along beams (on top of beam) and reasonably near beams
are intentionally left since they will be added later to their respective beams.

ii. Live load

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2-2 Apartment (residential building)-Category A

Location of Live load

load KN/m2
General 2
Stair 3
Balconies 4

1. Panels 1,2,12,13,18,19,23,24

Design parameters

Cantilever length, L=1.2m

Bar diameter used=Φ12
C-25 concrete and fyk=300 MPa

The maximum effective depth so far was 228mm assuming ∅12 main
reinforcement bars and 15mm clear cover

D=228+12/2+15=249mm

Take D=250mm==> d=250-12/2-15=229mm

Loading

DL=6.25+2(0.46)+0.69=7.86 KN/m2

Live Load:

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For balcony live load=qk=4 KN/m2

Weight of the wall at the edge of slab

The unit specific weight of 15cm thickness Pumice Hollow Block is taken the
average value of 12KN/m3

Wall used=15cm thick HCB wall of clear height height h=2.85m

15
Then P= x 12 x 2.85+ 2 ( 0.02 x 23 ) 2.85=5.13+2.622=7.752 KN /m
100

Where unit weight of HCB=12 KN/m3, (2x0.02x23) indicates

plastering on both sides of wall.

DL=7.86 KN/m2
LL=4 KN/m2
P=7.76 KN/m

Load transfer to supporting beam

DL=LDL+P=1.2(7.86)+7.76=17.2KN/m
LL=4x1.2=4.8KN/m

Maximum design moment at the support

2 2
1.3 DL L 1.6≪ L
Md= +1.3PL+
2 2
2 2
1.3 x 7.86 x 1.2 1.6 x 4 x 1.2
Md= +1.3 x 7.76 x 1.2+ =7.35+12.1+4.61=24.06KN.m/m
2 2

M
μ=
f cd b d 2

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 6
24.06 x 10
μ= 2
=0.04
11.33 x 1000 x 229

From the general design chart in design aid for EBCS-2

K z=0.97

Msd Msd
As= =
zfyd Kzd f yd

6
Fyk 300 24.06 x 10 2
Fyd= = =260.87 As= =415.2 mm
1.15 1.15 0.97 x 229 x 260.87

0.5 bd 0.5 x 1000 x 229 2

As,min= = =381.67 mm therefore it’s Ok.
fyk 300

Area of bars Φ12, a=π6 2=113.04 mm 2

ab 113.04 x 1000
S= = =272.25 mm
As 415.2

Use Φ12 bar c/c 250mm

2. Two way slabs

Since our typical floor slab is symmetric in two directions, we analyze only a
representative section for moments and their adjustments, as shown below.

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Panel 3

Lx=4.55 and Ly=5.5

Ly 5 . 5
= =1 .2
L x 4 . 55

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.44 β vx d =0.29 β vy c =0.36

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.056 α xf =0.042 α ys =0.039 α yf

=0.03

14 | P a g e
Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46+3.3)+1.6*2=14.46 KN/m2

Mxs=0.056*14.46*4.552=16.76 KN-m

Mxf=0.042*14.46*4.552=12.6 KN-m

Mys=0.039*14.46*4.552=11.67 KN-m

Myf=0.03*14.46*4.552=8.98 KN-m

Panel 4

Lx=5.5 and Ly=5.5

L y 5 .5
= =1
L x 5 .5

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.33 β vy c =0.33

15 | P a g e
Moment coefficients

α xs =0.032α xf =0.024 α ys =0.032 α yf =0.024

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46)+1.6*2=10.17 KN/m2

Mxs=0.032*10.17*5.52=9.84 KN-m

Mxf=0.024*10.17*5.52=7.38 KN-m

Mys=0.032*10.17*5.52=9.84 KN-m

Myf=0.024*10.17*5.52=7.38 KN-m

Panel 5

Lx=5.5 and Ly=5.5

16 | P a g e
 Ly 5 .5
= =1
Lx 5 .5

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.36 β vx d =0.24 β vy c =0.36

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.039α xf =0.030 α ys =0.039 α yf =0.030

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46+2.67)+1.6*2=13.64 KN/m2

Mxs=0.039*13.64*5.52=16.1 KN-m

Mxf=0.030*13.64*5.52=12.37KN-m

Mys=0.039*13.64*5.52=16.1 KN-m

Myf=0.030*13.64*5.52=12.37 KN-m
Panel 6

Lx=2.68 and Ly=5.5

Ly 5 .5
= =2 . 05
Lx 2. 68

17 | P a g e
Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(6.25+0.69+2*0.46+1.53)+1.6*2=15.41 KN/m2

Distributed load=15.41 x 2.68=41.3 KN/m

So, according to slab configuration, we do have a beam fixed at both ends

Moment in the short direction

2 2
w l 41.3 x 2.68
Mspan= = =12.36 KN −m
24 24
2 2
w l 41.3 x 2.68
Msupport = = =24.72 KN −m
12 12

Panel 8

18 | P a g e
Lx=3.25 and Ly=5.5

L y 5 .5
= =1 . 7
L x 3 .25

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.494 β vy c =0.36 β vy d =0.24

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.062 α xf =0.0646α ys =0.039 α yf =0.029

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46+1.53)+1.6*2=12.16 KN/m2

Mxs=0.062*12.16*3.252=7.96KN-m

Mxf=0.0646*12.16*3.252= 8.3KN-m

Mys=0.039*14.46*3.252=5.95KN-m

Myf=0.029*14.46*3.252= 4.43KN-m

Panel 15

19 | P a g e
Lx=4.55m and Ly=5m

Ly 5
= =1 .1
L x 4 . 55

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.44 β vx d =0.29 β vy c =0.4 β vy d =0.26

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.056 α xf =0.042α ys =0.047 α yf =0.036

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46)+1.6*2=10.17 KN/m2

Mxs=0.056*10.17*4.552=11.8KN-m

Mxf=0.042*10.17*4.552= 8.84KN-m

Mys=0.047*10.17*4.552=9.9KN-m

Myf=0.036*10.17*4.552=7.58 KN-m

20 | P a g e
Panel 16

Lx=5m and Ly=5.5m

L y 5 .5
= =1 . 1
Lx 5

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.4 β vx d =0.27 β vy c =0.36

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.049 α xf =0.036α ys =0.039 α yf =0.030

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46+1.72)+1.6*2=12.404 KN/m2

Mxs=0.049*12.404*52=15.2KN-m

Mxf=0.036*12.404*52= 11.16KN-m

Mys=0.039*12.404*52=12.1KN-m

Myf=0.030*12.404*52=9.303KN-m

Panel 17

21 | P a g e
Lx=5 and Ly=5.5

L y 5 .5
= =1 . 1
Lx 5

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.36 β vy c =0.33

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.037α xf =0.028 α ys =0.032 α yf =0.024

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46+2.1)+1.6*2=12.9 KN/m2

Mxs=0.037*12.9*52=11.933KN-m

Mxf=0.028*12.9*52=9.03KN-m

Mys=0.032*12.9*52=10.32KN-m

Myf=0.024*12.9*52=7.74KN-m

Panel 20

22 | P a g e
Lx=2.68 and Ly=5

Ly 5
= =1 . 86
L x 2. 68

Shear-force coefficients

β vxc =0.5088 β vy c =0.36 β vy d =0.24

Moment coefficients

α xs =0.06476 α xf =0.04832α ys =0.039 α yf =0.029

Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL

=1.3*(3.75+0.69+2*0.46)+1.6*2=10.17 KN/m2

Mxs=0.06476*10.17*2.682=4.73KN-m

Mxf=0.04832*10.17*2.682=3.53 KN-m

Mys=0.039*10.17*2.682=2.85KN-m

Myf=0.029*10.17*2.682=2.12 KN-m

Adjustment of support moments

1. Panels 3,4,15 and 16

23 | P a g e
Support moments before adjustment

Panels 3 and 4

Mxs=16.76, Mxs=9.84

∆mx=6.92 KN.m

20% 16.76=3.352 since ∆mx>3.352, we opt for moment distribution

method

K1=4/l=4/4.55=0.88 , k2=4/5.5=0.72

0.88
DF 1= =0.55
0.88+0.72

0.72
DF 2= =0.45
0.88+0.72

24 | P a g e
Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.55(16.76-9.84)+9.84=13.646 KN-m

Mxs2=16.76-0.45(16.76-9.84)=13.646 KN-m

Ly 5.5
= =1 .2
Lx 4 . 55
Cx=0.344 CY=0.364

Moment to be distributed=16.76-13.646=3.114 KN-m

∆mxf=0.344(3.114) =1.07 KN-m

∆myf=0.364(3.114) =1.13 KN-m

Mxf=12.6

Myf=8.98

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=12.6+1.07=13.67 Myf=8.98+1.13=10.11

Panels 3, 15

Mys=11.67, Mys=9.9

∆my=1.77 KN.m

25 | P a g e
20% 11.67=2.334 since ∆mx<2.334, we opt 11.67 KN-m as maximum
support moment as per EBCS

Panels 15, 16

Mxs=11.8, Mxs=12.1

∆mx=0.3 KN.m

20% 12.1=2.42 since ∆mx<2.42, we opt 12.1 KN-m as maximum support

moment

Panels 4, 16

Mxs=9.84, Mxs=15.2

∆mx=5.36 KN.m

20% 15.2=3.04 since ∆mx>3.04, we opt for moment distribution method

K1=4/l=4/5=0.8 , k2=4/5.5=0.72

0.8
DF 1= =0.52
0.8+0.72

0.72
DF 2= =0.47
0.8+0.72

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.53(15.2-9.84)+9.84=12.6272 KN-m

Mxs2=15.2-0.47(15.2-9.84)= 12.6272 KN-m

26 | P a g e
 L y 5 .5
= =1 . 1
Lx 5

Cx=0.314 CY=0.374

Moment to be distributed=15.2-12.62=2.58 KN-m

∆mxf=0.314(2.58) =0.81 KN-m

∆myf=0.374(2.58) =0.965 KN-m

Mxf=12.1

Myf=9.303

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=12.1+0.81=12.91 Myf=9.303 +0.965=10.268

2. Panels 4, 5, 16, 17

27 | P a g e
Support moments before adjustment

Panels 4 and 5

Mxs=9.84, Mxs=16.1

∆mx=6.26 KN.m

20% 16.1=3.22 since ∆mx>3.22, we opt for moment distribution method

K1=4/l=4/5.5=0.72 , k2=4/5.5=0.72

0.72
DF 1= =0.5
0.72+0.72

0.72
DF 2= =0.5
0.72+0.72

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.5(16.1-9.84)+9.84=12.97 KN-m

Mxs2=16.1-0.5(16.1-9.84)=12.97 KN-m

28 | P a g e
 Ly 5 .5
= =1
Lx 5 .5

Cx=0.280 CY=0.380

Moment to be distributed=16.1-12.97=3.13 KN-m

∆mxf=0.280(3.13) =0.8764 KN-m

∆myf=0.380(3.13) =1.19 KN-m

Mxf=12.37

Myf=12.37

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=12.37+0.8764=13.2464 Myf=12.37 +1.19=13.56

Panels 4, 16

Mxs=9.84, Mxs=15.2

∆mx=5.36 KN.m

20% 15.2=3.04 since ∆mx>3.04, we opt for moment distribution method

K1=4/l=4/5.5=0.72 , k2=4/5=0.8

29 | P a g e
 0.72
DF 1= =0.47
0.72+0.8

0.8
DF 2= =0.52
0.72+0.8

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.47(15.2-9.84)+9.84=12.35 KN-m

Mxs2=15.2-0.53(15.2-9.84)=12.35 KN-m

L y 5 .5
= =1 . 1
Lx 5

Cx=0.314 CY=0.374

Moment to be distributed=15.2-12.35=2.85 KN-m

∆mxf=0.314(2.85) =0.8949 KN-m

∆myf=0.374(2.85) =1.066 KN-m

Mxf=11.16

Myf=9.303

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Adjusted span moments

Mxf=11.16+0.8949=12.0549 Myf=9.303 +1.066=10.369

Panels 16, 17

Mys=12.1, Mys=10.32

∆my=1.78 KN.m

20% 12.1=2.42 since ∆my<2.42, we opt 12.1 KN-m as maximum support

moment

Panels 5, 17

Mxs=16.1, Mxs=11.93

∆mx=4.17 KN.m

20% 16.1=3.22 since ∆mx>3.22, we opt for moment distribution method

K1=4/l=4/5.5=0.72 , k2=4/5=0.8

0.72
DF 1= =0.47
0.72+0.8

0.8
DF 2= =0.52
0.72+0.8

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.47(16.1-11.93)+11.93=13.89 KN-m

Mxs2=16.1-0.53(16.1-11.93)=13.89 KN-m

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 L y 5 .5
= =1 . 0
L x 5 .5

Cx=0.28 CY=0.38

Moment to be distributed=16.1-13.89=2.21 KN-m

∆mxf=0.28(2.21) =0.6188KN-m

∆myf=0.38(2.21) =0.8398 KN-m

Mxf=12.37

Myf=12.37

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=12.37+0.6188=12.98 Myf=12.37 +0.8398=13.2

3. Panels 5, 6, 8, 17, 20

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Panels 5, 17

Mxs=16.1, Mxs=11.93

∆mx=4.17 KN.m

20% 16.1=3.22 since ∆mx>3.22, we opt for moment distribution method

K1=4/l=4/5.5=0.72 , k2=4/5=0.8

0.72
DF 1= =0.47
0.72+0.8

0.8
DF 2= =0.52
0.72+0.8

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.47(16.1-11.93)+11.93=13.89 KN-m

Mxs2=16.1-0.52(16.1-11.93)=13.89 KN-m

L y 5 .5
= =1 . 0
L x 5 .5

Cx=0.28 CY=0.38

33 | P a g e
Moment to be distributed=16.1-13.89=2.21 KN-m

∆mxf=0.28(2.21) =0.6188KN-m

∆myf=0.38(2.21) =0.8398 KN-m

Mxf=12.37

Myf=12.37

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=12.37+0.6188=12.98 Myf=12.37 +0.8398=13.2

Panels 17, 20

Mxs=10.32, Mxs=4.73

∆mx=5.59 KN.m

20% 10.32=2.064 since ∆mx>2.064, we opt for moment distribution

method

K1=4/l=4/5.5=0.72 , k2=4/2.68=1.49

0.72
DF 1= =0.32
0.72+1.49

1.49
DF 2= =0.68
0.72+1.49

Balanced support moments

Mxs1=0.32(10.32-4.73)+4.73=6.51 KN-m

Mxs2=10.32-0.68(10.32-4.73)=6.51 KN-m

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 L y 5 .5
= =1 . 1
Lx 5

Cx=0.314 CY=0.374

Moment to be distributed=10.32-6.51=3.81 KN-m

∆mxf=0.314(3.81) =1.19KN-m

∆myf=0.374(3.81) =1.42 KN-m

Mxf=9.03

Myf=7.74

Adjusted span moments

Mxf=9.03+1.19=10.22 Myf=7.74 +1.42=9.16

Adjusted Support moments

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Adjusted Span moments

4. Design
C-25 concrete and S-300

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Constants

Fcu=25 MPa

Fck=0.8(25)=20MPa

0.85 fck 0.85 (20)

f cd = = =11.33 MPa and
γc 1.5

f ctd=fctk/g=1.5473/1.5=1.0315Mpa

fyk=300Mpa

f yk 300
f yd = = =260.87 MPa∧¿
γs 1.15

0.5 0.5
ρmin= = =0.00167
fy 300

fyd 260.87
m= = =28.78
0.8(fcd) 0.8(11.33)

2.5 2.5 2
c 1= = =0.086∧c 2=0.32 m fcd=3003.04
m 28.78

0.5 Ԑcu f cd
ρ max=[ ]
Ԑcu+ Ԑyd f yd

Ԑcu=0.0035 [maximum compressive strain of concrete∈bending]

Fyd 260.87
Ԑyd= = =0.00130435
Es 200 x 103

ρ max=
[ 0.5 ( 0.0035 )
]
11.33
0.0035+0.001304 260.87
=0.0158

Maximum Moment for one way slabs, Mmax=24.72 KN-m

Check depth for flexural requirement

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 d=
√ Md
0.8 bfcd ρ maxm ⁡(1−0.4 ρ maxm)

d=
√ 24.72 x 106
0.8(1000)(11.33) ( 0.0158 ) (28.78)[1−0.4 ( 0.0158 )( 28.78 ) ]
m<dused=129mm OK!
=85.62 KN-

4. Reinforcement

Use X-direction d=D-15-Φ/2=150-15-12/2=129mm

Use Y-direction d=150-15-6-12=117mm

Minimum reinforcement

0.5 0.5
ρmin= = =0.00167
fyk 300

Asmin= ρ minbd=0.00167(1000)d=1.67d

Maximum for main reinforcement

{
2 D=2 x 150=300 mm
Smax ≤ ¿ 350 mm
Use 300 mm for middle strip

Edge reinforcement

{
5 Smain=5 x 300=1500 mm
Smax ≤ ¿ 400 mm
Use 400 mm for edge strip strip

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 S,
Pan Moment d(m b(m As(mm prov(middl S, prov,
el (KN-m) m) m) Ρ 2) S, req e strip) Edge strip
0.0032 421.15 268.40 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 13.64 129 1000 65 12 72 300mm 400mm
0.0032 422.11 267.79 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 13.67 129 1000 72 52 42 300mm 400mm
0.0034 397.93 284.06 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 11.67 117 1000 01 07 96 300mm 400mm
0.0029 342.80 329.75 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S3 Myf 10.11 117 1000 3 16 34 300mm 400mm
0.0032 421.15 268.40 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 13.64 129 1000 65 12 72 300mm 400mm
0.0017 223.77 505.16 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 7.38 129 1000 35 07 01 300mm 400mm
0.0040 468.49 241.28 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 13.64 117 1000 04 01 58 300mm 400mm
0.0021 247.83 456.10 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S4 Myf 7.38 117 1000 18 83 38 300mm 400mm
0.0028 371.90 303.94 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 12.1 129 1000 83 35 98 300mm 400mm
0.0020 269.15 419.98 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 8.84 129 1000 86 19 59 300mm 400mm
0.0034 397.93 284.06 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 11.67 117 1000 01 07 96 300mm 400mm
0.0021 254.73 443.76 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S15 Myf 7.58 117 1000 77 19 06 300mm 400mm
S16 Mxs 12.62 129 1000 0.0030 388.48 290.97 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c

39 | P a g e
 11 06 98 300mm 400mm
0.0026 342.06 330.45 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 11.16 129 1000 52 98 88 300mm 400mm
0.0035 413.24 273.54 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 12.1 117 1000 32 1 5 300mm 400mm
0.0026 314.42 359.50 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Myf 9.3 117 1000 87 83 96 300mm 400mm
0.0061 790.31 143.03 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 24.72 129 1000 26 32 19 300mm 400mm
0.0032 418.58 270.05 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 13.56 129 1000 45 14 5 300mm 400mm
0.0040 477.52 236.72 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 13.89 117 1000 81 17 22 300mm 400mm
0.0039 465.60 242.78 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S5 Myf 13.56 117 1000 8 38 15 300mm 400mm
0.0033 429.19 263.37 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 13.89 129 1000 27 02 97 300mm 400mm
0.0024 312.40 361.83 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 10.22 129 1000 22 44 87 300mm 400mm
0.0035 413.24 273.54 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 12.1 117 1000 32 1 5 300mm 400mm
0.0026 309.54 365.18 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S17 Myf 9.16 117 1000 46 14 54 300mm 400mm
S6 0.0061 790.31 143.03 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 24.72 129 1000 26 32 19 300mm 400mm
0.0029 380.18 297.32 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 12.36 129 1000 47 55 85 300mm 400mm
Mys 24.72 117 1000 0.0075 887.39 127.38 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c

40 | P a g e
 85 77 37 300mm 400mm
0.0036 422.52 267.53 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Myf 12.36 117 1000 11 28 58 300mm 400mm
0.0015 196.90 574.07 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 6.51 129 1000 26 95 07 300mm 400mm
0.0008 105.89 1067.4 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 3.53 129 1000 21 73 5 300mm 400mm
0.0075 887.39 127.38 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 24.72 117 1000 85 77 37 300mm 400mm
0.0005 69.939 1616.2 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S20 Myf 2.12 117 1000 98 89 45 300mm 400mm
0.0011 150.60 750.58 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxs 5 129 1000 67 27 41 300mm 400mm
0.0019 252.32 447.99 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mxf 8.3 129 1000 56 22 86 300mm 400mm
0.0014 166.54 678.72 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
Mys 5 117 1000 23 67 86 300mm 400mm
0.0012 147.27 767.53 Use Φ12 c/c Use Φ12 c/c
S8 Myf 4.43 117 1000 59 65 61 300mm 400mm

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42 | P a g e
 References
 Asrat Worku, “CALLING FOR A REVISION OF THE CURRENT
ETHIOPIAN SEISMIC CODE –EBCS 8:1995”, Addis Ababa, 2011.
 Computers and Structures, “SAP 2000 (version 16)”, Berkley,
California.
 Debre Berhan University, “Lecture Notes”, [Unpublished].
 European Committee for Standardization, Eurocode 8, “Design of
Structures for Earthquake Resistance (EN 1998-1: 2004)”,
Brussels, 2004.
 Ministry of Works and Urban Development, “Basis of Design of
actions on structures”, Ethiopian Building Code Standard (EBCS 8),
Addis Ababa, 1995.
 Ministry of Works and Urban Development, “Design of Structures
for Earthquake Resistance”, Ethiopian Building Code Standard
(EBCS 8), Addis Ababa, 1995.
 Ministry of Works and Urban Development, “Structural Use of
Concrete”, Ethiopian Building Code Standard (EBCS 8), Addis Ababa,
1995.

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