Notes science class 5th

Nasir Danish (03487963362)

Chapter no 1
Classification of living organisms

Q no 1 : choose the correct option

1: unicellular prokaryotic organisms are:
(a) Fungi (b)algae (c) yeast (d) bacteria
2: bacteria belongs to the kingdom :
(a)Protista (b) monera (c) fungi (d) Animalia
3: the simplest form of eukaryotes belongs to the kingdoms
(a) Plantae (b) fungi (c) Protista (d) Animalia
4: number of the kingdom fungi are
(a)unicellular eukaryotes (b) multicellular eukaryotes
(c) unicellular prokaryotes (d) multicellular prokaryotes
5: plants are the living organisms which are separated into:
(a)roots and shoots (b) leaf and shoots
(c) roots and leaf (d) shoots and flowers
6: the primary cause of animals to be endangered is:
(a)destruction of habitat (b) hunting (c) pollution (d) all of these
7: animals that lack backbones are :
(a)aquatic (b) terrestrial (c) vertebrates (d) invertebrates
8: identify the statement that best describes a crocodile and a human :
(a)both have backbone (b) both have invertebrates
(c)crocodile can live on land (d)both have no similarity among them
9: sharks rays and lamprey are examples of :
(a)fish (b) amphibians (c) reptiles (d) animals
10: birds can fly because they have :
(a)beak (b) hollow bones (c) feathers (d) hair
11: animals which are no more present on the earth are :
(a)endangered (b) extinct (c) fossils (d) microorganisms
Q no 2: Fill in the blanks

1: the body of sponge is full of pores and channels to allow circulations of water
through their body
2: stars fish have spines on their skin
3: liver fluke is an example of parasitic
4: snails are muscular bodies animals

5: urbanization , pollution , deforstration are some human factors which affects

biodiversity
Qno 3: answer the following question briefly
Qno 1: what is the mode of nutrition in members of kingdom monera ?
Ans: some organisms are able to making their own food while some or not .

Qno 2: name the locomotary organs present in the member of

kingdom Protista?
Ans: cilia , flagella and axopodia
Qno 3: write some features of kingdom fungi ?
Ans: a:there may be unicellular
b:they produce by spores
c: there is no chlorophyll in fungi
Qno 4: why is classifying organisms important ?
Ans: it helps in the identification of living organisms
Qno 5: briefly describe about dicot plants ?

Ans: dicot are the plants with two cotyledons in their seeds.embryo is large in
dicot plants
Qno 6 : differentiate between vertebrates and invertebrates ?
Ans : vertebrates animals have backbone while invertebrates have no backbone
Qno 7 : how does deforestation affect biodiversity ?
Ans: because forests contain the highest percentage of terrestrial biodiversity.

Chapter no 2
Microorganisms
Qno 1: choose the correct option.
1:the organisms that cannot be seen with naked eyes are called:
(a)microorganisms (b) macroorganisms (c) small organisms (d)unique organisms
2:virus is the latin word which means:
(a)invertebrates (b) monera (C) Poison (d) fluid
3: black spots occurred on the bread are because of :
(a)bacteria (b) mirus (c) algae (d) fungi
4: identify unicellular fungi from the following :
(a)mushroom (b) yeast cells (c) sac fungi (d) molds
5: what is yeast used for :
(a)to cure chicken pox (b) to make bread rise (c) to make yogurt
6: which of these statements about microorganisms is true :
(a)microorganisms are all around us (b) all microorganisms cause illness
(c) microorganisms cannot be seen with microscope
7: a small infection causing agent which replicate only inside the living cell is :
(a)mushroom (b) bacterium (c) virus (d) algae
8: umer gets flu.it possessive influenza virus .after some days .people close to
umer also get flu.the virus transferred from umer to others through :

(a)coughing (b) shared food (c) exchange of articles (d) living in same house
9: the possible causative agent for dark coloured spots on leaves is : (a)algae
(b) fungus (c) virus (d) bacteria 10: use of face mask is the most practicle
option to prevent : (a)hepatitis (b) polio (c) COVID -19 (d) world war 2

B: fill in the blanks

1: Microorganisms can be found everywhere.
2: antibiotics are used against pathogenic bacteria
3: typhoid fever is cause by bacteria
4: rust and smut are two disease of plants. fungi is their causative agent
5: tuberculosis spreads through bacteria
C : answer the following questions briefly .
1: what are microorganisms ? where they are found

Ans : microorganisms are tiny creatures.microorganisms are found

almost everywhere.
2: name three main groups of microorganisms ?
Ans: three main groups of microorganisms are .
Viruses bacteria fungi
3: name some disease caused by bacteria ?

Ans: bacteria cause tuberculosis , typhoid ,tetnus and cholera in

human Bacteria cause footroot in cattle
 Leafspot ,fire blight and wilts are caused in plants
4: briefly discuss the important of decomposers ?
Ans : decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem .
they break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials.
5: suggest a few measures to avoid infection ?
Ans : 1: washing hands 2: avoid sharing personal items
3: cover your mouth 4: get yourself vaccinated .
Chapter 3
Flowers and seeds
A: choose the correct option
1: Reproductive part of flowering plant is :
(a)seed (b) fruit (c) flower (d) stem
2: in hypogeal germination ,cotyledons :
(a)are carried above the ground (b) remain belowthe surface of the soil
(c) do not exist (d) are lifted up along with plumule
3: flowers develop:
(a)seeds (b) leaves (c) new plant (d) stem
4: the basic parts in a complete flowers are :
(a)4 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 5
5: the parts of the flowers which protect the rising bud are :
(a)leaves (b) sepals (c) petals (d) seed coat

6: the transferring of pollen from male part of a flower the female part
of the flower is called:
(a)pollination (b) reproduction (c) budding (d) grafting
7:transference of pollen from another to stigma is known as :
 (a)reproduction (b) germination (c) fertilization (d) pollination
8: pollination within the same plant is known as:
(a)wind pollination (b) cross pollination (c) self pollination
9: diversity of features among different members of plants is result of :
(a)self pollination (b) grafting (c) cross pollination
10: the part of an embryo which develops into root is :
(a)cotyledon (b) radicle (c) plumule (d) seed coat
11: the food storage part in monocot seed is :
(a)embryo (b) plumule (c) endosperm (d) cotyledon
12:when a seed is sown into the soil , the first thing it does :
(a)to make up water (b) to make up oxygen (c) to burst part
B : fill in the blanks
1: Pollen grains are present in anthers.
2: sepals and petals are accessory part of a flower.
3: A bright coloured and a fragrant part of flower is corolla .
4: stigma catches and collects the pollens due to its sticky surface .
5: seed coat is the outer covering of a seed
C : answers the following questions briefly.
1: define pollination.

Ans : pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther onto the stigma
of the flower of the same species.
2: describe the function of endosperm in monocot seeds ?

Ans : it is temporary food supply that surrounds the embryo and contains
food material for the embryo.
3: enlist the factors necessary for seed germination ?
Ans: water ,sunlight ,oxygen and temperature .
4: what is the effect of light on the germination of seeds ?

Ans : some seeds require light for their germination however some seeds
cannot germination in the presence of light .
5: name the parts of monocot seed.

Ans : monocot seed has a single cotyledon .it possesses a seed coat , endosperm
and embryo
6: briefly discuss the role of water in seed germination .

Ans : water is absorbed through seed coat .it softens the seed coat ,this increases
permeability that aids in better exchange of gases as wel.
7: what will happen if the conditions necessary for germination are not fulfilled
Ans: it wil not germinate .
8: define germination.
Ans : the process by which a seed grows into a new plant is called germination.

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Nasir Danish
03487963362

Chapter 4
Environmental pollution
A : choose the correct answer .
1: addition of harmful substances in environment is called:
 (a)pollution (b) hazard (c) damage (d) waste
2: air pollution results is :
(a)global warming (b) volcanism (c) ozone depletion (d) acid rain
3:which of the following badly affects the environment ?
(a)planting trees (b) moping (c) flying kite (d) dumping trash in open land
4: burning of fossils fuels cause :
(a)land pollution (b) noise pollution (c) air pollution (d) water pollution
5: loss of fertile land takes places due to :
(a)land pollution (b) air pollution (c) water pollution (d) littering
6: polluted water causes :
(a)COVID -19 (b) diabetes (c) cholera (d) pneumonia

7: which of the following group of substances can be recycled ?

(a)cotton bread (b) steel , plastic (c) oil ,air (d) all of these
8: any substances that can be broken down into simpler substances by the action
of microbes is
(a)non-biodegradable material (b) biodegradable material
(c) plastic waste (d) inorganic waste
B : fill in the blanks
1: pollution is the addition of any material or a form of energy to the environment
2: the land garbage mostly have organic materials, plastics , rubber , textile ,etc
3: burning of fossil fuels becomes the reasons of air pollution

4: addition of toxic into the water resources because of human activities

cause water pollution.
5: abrupt use of herbicides and pesticides like microbes
C : answer the following questions briefly
1 : define pollution .

Ans : pollution is the addition of something to our natural environment which

causes harmful impacts and damages our ecosystem .
2: whatare the pollutants ? how are they harmful to the environment ?

Ans : pollutants are the substances that cause pollution . their presence in the
environments is called pollution.
3: write down the causes of air pollution .

Ans : air pollution is caused by harmful smoke which emits from cars ,
trains ,busses , trucks and factories
4: enlist some measures to remove pollution from the environments .

Ans : planting trees ,reducing smoke from vehicles ,adopting proper waste
disposal method .
5: how can non-biodegradable materials be harmful to us ?

Ans : he cannot be break down by bacteria and fungi .they remain in

the environment and make it polluted .
6: why should we avoid using polythene bags ?

Ans : it is fact that the polythene bag is not at all safer for the environment
plastic pollutes our environment some the way it pollutes water bodies.
7 : what are the effects of water pollution on our land ?
Ans : polluted water is harmful for agricultural use
Polluted water reduces the fertility of soil
Polluted water cause many illness such as typhoid , cholera , etc
Chapter 5
Physical and chemical changes of matter
A : choose the correct option
1 : physical change of matter :
 (a)durable (b) permanent (c) reversible (d) hard
2: the dissolved sugar in water can be regained by the process of :
(a)evaporation (b) condensation (c) melting (d) sieving

3: identify the process which includes chemical change :

(a)sublimation (b) condensation (c) photosynthesis (d) freezing
4: if you are burning a candle , which of the following would be a
reversible change :
(a)the solid candle melts (b) the liquid wax in the wick burn
(c) the flame produces smoke (d) all the above

5: the substance in which solute is dissolved is called :

(a)solution (b) solvent (c) compound (d) mixture
6: the temperature at which a gas change into liquid is called :
(a)freezing point (b) condensation point (c) boiling point (d) melting point
7: in summer , chocolate melts . it may again solidiry by the process of :
(a)boiling (b) freezing (c) condensation (d) evaporation
8: the change in the state of matter is known as :
(a)physical change (b) chemical change (c) structural change
B : fill in the blanks
1 : new products are formed as a result of chemical change .
2: temporary changes of matter are called physical changes .
3: conversion of melted wax into liquid is a physical change .
4: a dilute solution has relatively small amount of solute .
5: crushing aluminium can is a chemical change .
C : answer the following questions briefly .
1 : differentiate between physical and chemical change ?
Ans : physical changes are reversible changes in a matter in which no new
substances are formed

Chemical changes are permanent changes in which new substances are

formed

2: what changes occure in the state of water when it freezes , boils

condenses and melts ?
Ans : these are physical changes .
3: enlist the factors affecting the dissolution of materials into water .
Ans : by increasing temperature
By mixing
By breaking the solid in smaller pieces .

4: define the following :condensation ,evaporation , physical & chemical

changes
Ans : condensation :

Cooling of water vapours results in slow down the motion of particals .at
this stage the gas vhamges back to liquid state.
Evaporation:

Evaporation takes place at all temperatures in which a liquid changes

into gaseous state.
Physical changes :

Physical changes are reversible changes in a matter in which no new

substances are formed .
Chemical change :

Chemical changes are permanent changes in which new substances

are formed
5: differentiate between dilute and concentrated solution .
Ans : A concentrated solution is one that has a relatively large amount
of dissolved solute

A dilute solution is one that has a relatively small amount of dissolved

solute .
6 : Enlist three identification features of chemical changes ,
Ans : Heat light , Sound , Change in colour

Chapter 6
Light and sound

A : choose the correct answer .

1: the major source ogf natural light is
(a)bulb (b) the sun (c) stars (4) firefly
2: firefly and glow –warms are natural living objects which are :
(a)opaque (b) transparent (c) luminous (d) non luminous

3 : the moon is
(a)luminous object (b) transparent objects (c) non luminous
object

4 : reflection from a rough surface is

(a)diffused (b) regular (c) plain (d) zero

5 : what type of objects a glass is ?

(a)translucent (b) transparent (c) opaque (d) luminous

6 : when the light gets closer to the object , the shadow will be :
(a)smaller (b) bigger (c) of the same size (d) disappeared

7: what is the amplitude of a bus horn ?

(a)low (b) medium (c) high (d) zero
8 : sometimes , light comes back when it falls in a surface .this is called:
(a)reflection (b) image (c) vibration (d) shadow
9 : speed of sound is fastest in :
(a)solids (b) liquid (c) gases (d) vaccum
B : fill in the blanks
1: light does not need medium to travel.
2: natural light comes from sun.

3 : the object through which large quantity of light can be pass through are
called transparent object.
4 : the opaque objects do not allow the light to pass through them.
5 : sound needs medium to travel such as solid , liquid or a gas .
C : Answer the following questions briefly .
1: how does light travel ?
Ans : light travel in straight line .
2: the moon appears bright at night .is it a luminous body ? give reason.

Ans : moon is non-luminous object because it cannot produce its own

light .it receive light from sun.
3 : how will you differentiate translucent objects from transparent objects ?

Ans : objects that allow large quantities of light to pass through them are called
transparent objects while translucent objects allow some of light to travel
through them .
4 : give reasons that why light gets blocked by opaque objects .

Ans : there objects block the light to pass through them because light cannot
pass through them.
5 : how are shadow are formed .
Ans : shadows form as a result of the blockage of light rays by opaque objects .
6 : what is sound ? how is it produced .
Ans : sound is a sensation of hearing . vibrating body produces sound .
7 : what is the reason that sound cannot travel in a vaccum ?

Ans : sound cannot travel in a vaccum because there is no medium to carry

sound waves.
8 : what is noise ? how body does noise affect humans ?

Ans : noise is an unpleasant loud sound . noise affects our health and causes
stress heart diseases , headache and other related illness.
Chapter 7
Electricity and magnetism
A: choose the correct answer .
1: the particle having negative charge is :
(a)neutron (b) electron (c) proton (d) neutral
2: which of the material does not allow electricity to pass through it :
(a)glass (b) water (c) earth (d) metals
3: A path through which electricity flows is called a :
(a)bettery (b) resister (c) circuit (d) generator
4: the source of energy in an electric circuit is :
(a)switch (b) resister (c) battery (d) fuse
5: fuse protects an electric circuit against :
(a)short circuit (b) over circuit (c) load circuit (d) wear and tear
6: the materials which produce magnetism are known as :
(a)metals (b) conductors (c) insulator (d) magnets
7 : earth magnetic field is because of electric current is the :
(a)outer liquid core (b) crust (c) inner liquid (d) mantle
8: which pair of poles will move towards each other if placed close together :
(a)north- north (b) north –south (c) south –south (d) non of these
9 : the build –up of electric charges or one place is :
(a)static electricity (b) electric field (c) electric charges (d) electric circuit
B : fill in the blanks
1 : the imbalance in the charges of two objects is known as static electricity.
2: the positive charge carrying particle is proton.
3 : A fuse protects the electric circuits from short circuit .
4 : Magnetism is the strongest at is poles of the magnets .
5 : Earth magnetic field helps to find out the directions through compass.
C : answer the following questions briefly .
1: define static electricity ,give examples from daily life .

Ans : static electricity is the presence of electric charges on an object.this does not
allow .
2: what is beneficial use of insulators is electrical equipment ?

Ans : insulator are used to insulate electrical equipments to safe you from getting
shock .
3 : Enlist the components of a circuit ?
Ans : battery , switch , resistors , bulb and capacitor .
4 : define magnetism .

Ans : magnetism is an invisible force caused by a magnet . this force creates a

magnetic field that attracts or repel other objects with its field .
5 : why is earth known as a huge magnet ?

Ans : the crust of the earth has permanent magnetization and the earth’s
core generates its own magnetic field , sustaining the main part of the field
we measure at the surface .
6 : what is a compass used for ?
Ans : A compass is a tool used to find direction.
Chapter 8
Structure of earth
A : choose the correct option .
1 : the position of the earth from the sun in our solar system is :
(a)second (b) third (c) eight (d) sixth
2: land area of the earth consist of :

(a)ice and forests (b) oceans and hills (c) islands and continent (d) mountain
& lakes
3 : going deep inside the inner of the earth we will feel increase in :
(a)water (b) air (c) coldness (d) temperature
4: the uppermost layer of the earth is :
(a)mantle (b) crust (c) core (d) Iceland
5: the thickest layer of the earth is :
(a)mantle (b) soil (c) rocks (d) core
6 : the core is mostly made up of the :
(a)minerals (b) mixture of gases (c) various of rocks (d) molten iron
7: the saltish water sources are :
(a)lakes (b) oceans (c) glaciers (d) streams
8 : the organic matter present on the top layer of the earth ‘s surface is :
(a)soil (b) humus (c) gases (d) organic matter
B : fill in the blanks
1 : land area covers about 29% of the earth’s surface
2 : earth’s polar region are mostly covered with ice
3: the outer core is in sate of liquid
4 : clayey soil is suitable for plant’s growth
C : answer the following questions briefly
1: Describe the shape of the earth .
Ans : the shape of the earth resembles like a spheroid .
2: what is oceanic crust ?
Ans : oceanic crust is the part of the earth’s surface that makes up the seafloor
3 : what is supper mantle made up of ?

Ans : it comprises 55% olivine and 35% pyroxene , and 5 to 10% of calcium
oxide and aluminum oxide .
4: what is the importance of molten iron in the core of the earth ?

Ans : the molten iron helps maintain the earth’s magnetic field which helps sheld
life on the surface from damaging soalr energy .
5 : what is the importance of water from lake ?

Ans : lakes are sources of fresh water .water from the lake is used for farming &
fishing
6: what is the role of glaciers in the earth’s temperature ?

Ans : melting glaciers add to rising sea level which is turn increases coastal erolion
and elevates storm surge .
7: why is loamy soil ideal for crops and cultivation ?
Ans : because it is mixture of sound .clay ,sult and some humus
Chapter no 9
Space and satellites
A : choose the correct answer
1: in space there is no :
(a)water (b) air (c) plants (d) animals
2: in space we can experience sunburn because of :
(a)no air (b) heat (c) nasty radiation (d) noise
3: the first man in space was sent by :
(a)united kingdom (b) America (c) japan (d) Russia
4: sputnik 1 was launched an :
(a)6th October ,1957 (b) 9th july ,1983 (c) 4th october ,1957
5 : first human was stepped onto the moon on :
(a)20th july , 1969 (b) 17th October , 1954 (c) 8th November 2001
6 : ISS was constructed by the efforts of :
(a)sixteen nation (b) thirteen nation (c) twelve nation (d) eleven nation
7 : moon is a natural satellite of :
(a)sun (b) venus (c) earth (d) Jupiter
8 : climate change data can be recorded or analyzed because of :
(a)NASA (b) rocket (c) satellite (d) moon
9: polar orbiting satellite are used for collecting information of :
(a)weather (b) agriculture (c) disasters (d) telecommunication
B : fill in the blanks

1 : Many satellites were sent to the other planets to investigate about solar
system .
2 : geostationary satellites move with the rotation speed of earth .
3: satellite can work better in space than ……….working on earth
4: in order to find a location on the earth GPS satellites are used .
C : answer the following questions briefly .
1 : what is international space station ?
Ans : the international space station is a modular space station in low earth orbit .
2 : what was the purpose behind the launch of sputnik ?
Ans : the USSR rocketed to the lead in the cold war’s “space race “ with its launch

3 : mention the countries involved in the establishment of international

space station ?

Ans :US , Russia , Canada ,japan and the participating countries of the
European space agency.

4 : what is the time required for the international space station to

revolve around the entire planet ?
Ans : in orbits earth every 90minuts

Chapter no 10
Technology in everyday life
A: choose the correct answer .

1 : Carpenter checks the straightness of a table top by using

(
b
)

i
n
c
h (c)
plu
t mb
a line
p (d)
(a)spirit level e rope

2 : to check the vertical level while inserting a flagpole you need :

(a)spirit level (b) (
plu d
mb )
rob p
e (c) l
 u
m
b
wat
er li
leve n
l e

3 : LED light bulb has two legs (wires) the longer leg is :
(
c (
( ) d
b )
) p c
n o i
e s r
u i c
t t u
r i l
a v a
(a)negative l e r

4 : an emergency treatment to the deal with an injured or ill person is :

(a)rushing to hospital (b) apply ointment (c) observe first aid

5: dressing a wound is necessary to avoid from :

(a)bleeding (b) infection (c) pain (d) recovering

6 : to shift an injured person to the hospital you need to call for :

(a)an ambulance (b) relatives (c) social (d) doctor

 7 : switch of all electrical appliances during disaster at main :
(a)connection (b) door (c) rooms (d) launge

8 : shift yourself and your essentials during flood to some :

(a)elevated area (b) neighbourhood (c) corner room (d)
champ

9 : during disaster call for rescue and avoid wasting time on :

(a)social communication (b) call for relatives
10 : during flood while crossing through water ,a stick is needed to check for :
(a)man holes to your front (b) broken glass (c) main gas connection
11: during earthquake ,quickly go to an area :
(a)elevated (b) indoor (c) outside (d) corner room
B : fill in the blanks
1 : plumb line is an instruction used to check the vertical of a lab
2 : the free end of plumb line is used to vertical line the bob towards downwards
3 : every technical device is given with a diagram to describe , how to assemble it .
4 : electrical appliances should be switched off in case of fire .
5 : LED bulb glow brightly with 12V charged battery .
C : answer the following questions briefly .
1 : list two steps we should follow while working in lab .

Ans : make sure that every student is aware of the rules of safty
Use materials which are safe to work with .
2: what is the purposes of the book shelf ?

Ans : A book shelf is the piece of furniture with shelves to store and
organise books , stationary and other printed material .

3: which points you will keep in mind while making any model for class
projects?
Ans : during art classroom ,kids safety and health issues should be of
very important concern for parents ,teachers and students themselves .
4: how can u level two distant decoration pieces on the wall ?
Ans : plumb line is used to do so .
5: how can you maintain the verticality of a flagpoles at your house ?
Ans : most aluminum flagpoles can be cleaned with mild soap and warm water
6 : what is the purpose of first aid box ?
Ans : first aid is an emergency treatment of dealing a person injured or ill person.
7 : how will you dress a wound ? describe in three lines .

Ans (i) wear sterilized glove (ii) clean the wound with cotton swab weted with
saline water (iii) take any ointment from you first aid box to cover the wound

8: which precuations must be observed in case of

(a)earthquake (b) flood (c) fire
Earthquake :quickly drop down on your knees and find some place around to
get strong shelter over yourself .

Flood : search for some higher ground. Manage to drop your essentials at
some elevated place
Fire : switch off all electrical appliances and also short off main connections

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Nasir Danish (03487963362)