Here's a breakdown of the answers based on the questions provided:

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### Basic AWS Interview Questions and Answers:

#### Q. Define and explain the three basic types of cloud services and the AWS
products that are built based on them?
**A.** The three basic types of cloud services are:
- **Computing:** Services include **EC2**, **Elastic Beanstalk**, **Lambda**, and
**Auto-Scaling**.
- **Storage:** Services include **S3**, **Glacier**, **Elastic Block Storage
(EBS)**, and **Elastic File System (EFS)**.
- **Networking:** Services include **VPC**, **Amazon CloudFront**, and **Route
53**.

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#### Q. What is auto-scaling?

**A.** Auto-scaling automatically adjusts resource capacity to meet demand,
provisioning and launching new instances as needed to maintain performance and
minimize costs.

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#### Q. You are trying to provide a service in a particular region, but you do not
see the service in that region. Why is this happening, and how do you fix it?
**A.** Not all AWS services are available in every region. When a new service
launches, it may start in limited regions and expand gradually. To use the service,
switch to the nearest region where it is available.

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#### Q. Name some of the AWS services that are not region-specific.
**A.** Non-region-specific AWS services include:
- **IAM (Identity and Access Management)**
- **Route 53**
- **Web Application Firewall (WAF)**
- **CloudFront**

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#### Q. What is CloudWatch?

**A.** Amazon CloudWatch is a monitoring service with features like:
- Triggering alarms based on multiple metrics.
- Monitoring AWS resources (e.g., **CPU utilization**, **EC2 instances**, **RDS**,
**SQS**, **S3**, **Load Balancers**, and **SNS**).

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#### Q. What is an Elastic Transcoder?

**A.** Elastic Transcoder is a cloud-based media transcoding service that converts
media files into different resolutions and formats for compatibility with multiple
devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, laptops).

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#### Q. Define Amazon EC2 regions and availability zones.

**A.** **Availability zones** are isolated geographic locations, so failure in one
zone doesn’t impact others. **Regions** consist of one or more availability zones
to reduce latency and cost.

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#### Q. On an EC2 instance, an application of yours is active. Once the CPU usage
on your instance hits 80%, you must reduce the load on it. What strategy do you use
to complete the task?
**A.** Set up an **autoscaling group** to launch additional instances when CPU
usage exceeds 80%, and distribute traffic using an **Application Load Balancer**
with EC2 instances as targets.

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#### Q. Your business prefers to use its email address and domain to send and
receive compliance emails. What service do you recommend implementing it easily and
budget-friendly?
**A.** Use **Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES)**, a cost-effective cloud-
based email service.

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#### Q. How many S3 buckets can be created?

**A.** By default, up to **100 buckets** can be created.

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#### Q. What is the maximum limit of elastic IPs anyone can produce?
**A.** Up to **five Elastic IP addresses** can be generated per AWS account and
location.

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#### Q. What is the difference between stopping and terminating an EC2 instance?
**A.**
- **Stopping**: Performs a normal shutdown; the instance moves to a stopped state
and can be restarted.
- **Terminating**: Shuts down and deletes the instance; attached **EBS volumes**
are deleted and unrecoverable.

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#### Q. What are the different types of EC2 instances based on their costs?
**A.**
1. **On-demand Instance**: Cost-effective for short-term use.
2. **Spot Instance**: Less expensive than on-demand, acquired through bidding.
3. **Reserved Instance**: Suitable for long-term use (1+ year).

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#### Q. What are Key-Pairs in AWS?

**A.** Key-Pairs are password-protected login credentials for virtual machines,
consisting of a **Private Key** and **Public Key** to verify identity for
connecting to Amazon EC2 instances.

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#### Q. Name and explain some security products and features available in VPC.
**A.**
- **Security Groups**: Acts as a firewall, controlling inbound and outbound traffic
at the instance level.
- **Network Access Control Lists (NACLs)**: A subnet-level firewall controlling
inbound and outbound traffic.

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#### Q. How do Amazon RDS, DynamoDB, and Redshift differ?

**A.**
- **RDS**: Relational database management service for structured data.
- **DynamoDB**: NoSQL database service for unstructured data.
- **Redshift**: Data warehousing service for large-scale data analysis.

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#### Q. What is RTO and RPO in AWS?

**A.**
- **RTO (Recovery Time Objective)**: Maximum time to restore services after an
outage.
- **RPO (Recovery Point Objective)**: Maximum allowable data loss measured in time.

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#### Q. What are the different uses of various load balancers in AWS Elastic Load
Balancing?
**A.**
1. **Application Load Balancer**: For flexible application management and TLS
termination.
2. **Network Load Balancer**: For high performance and static IPs.
3. **Classic Load Balancer**: Suitable for EC2 Classic network applications.

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#### Q. What are the different AWS IAM categories that you can control?
**A.**
1. Create and manage **IAM users**.
2. Create and manage **IAM groups**.
3. Manage user **security credentials**.
4. Create and manage **policies** to control access to AWS resources.

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#### Q. What are the policies that you can set for users’ passwords?
**A.**
1. Minimum length requirements.
2. Requirements for numbers, uppercase, lowercase, and special characters.
3. Password expiration, reuse prevention, and reset requests.
4. Notification for expired passwords to contact administrators.

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#### Q. What is Amazon Route 53?

**A.** Amazon Route 53 is a highly available **Domain Name System (DNS)** service,
named after port 53 (DNS requests).

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#### Q. If you need to perform real-time monitoring of AWS services and get
actionable insights, which services would you use?
**A.** **Amazon CloudWatch**

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#### Q. Which service would you use to track and authenticate AWS users?
**A.** **AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)**

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#### Q. Which service do you use if you want to allocate various private and public
IP addresses for communication with the internet and other instances?
**A.** **Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)**

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#### Q. DNS and Load Balancer services come under which type of Cloud Service?
**A.** These services fall under **Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)**.

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#### Q. How many Subnets can you have per VPC?

**A.** **200 Subnets** per VPC.

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#### Q. Explain what S3 is.

**A.** **Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)** is an object storage service,
allowing data storage and retrieval from anywhere, billed on a **pay-as-you-go**
basis.

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#### Q. What do you understand by stopping and terminating an EC2 Instance?

**A.**
- **Stopping**: Shuts down the instance; it can be restarted, and EBS volumes
remain.
- **Terminating**: Deletes the instance and attached EBS volumes; cannot be
restarted.

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#### Q. What do you understand by a Security Group?

**A.** Security Groups are virtual firewalls that control access to instances, with
rules for port numbers, networks, and protocols.

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#### Q. What is a Stateful and a Stateless Firewall?

**A.**
- **Stateful Firewall**: Keeps track of connection state, requiring only inbound
rules.
- **Stateless Firewall**: Requires explicit inbound and outbound rules.

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#### Q. Is there a way to upload a file greater than 100 Megabytes in Amazon S3?
**A.** Yes, using the **Multipart Upload Utility**, large files are split and
uploaded in parallel, then reassembled.
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#### Q. Can you change the Private IP Address of an EC2 instance while it is
running or in a stopped state?
**A.** No, an EC2 instance's private IP address is assigned at launch and remains
for its lifetime.

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This summary should cover the basic AWS interview questions and answers as
provided. Let me know if you have more questions!