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2.8GuidedNotes Filled

This document discusses the concept of derivatives in calculus, defining the derivative of a function at a specific value and explaining its significance in determining continuity and differentiability. It includes examples of finding derivatives and the implications of differentiability on continuity, as well as higher-order derivatives and their applications in motion analysis. The document also references educational materials used for teaching these concepts.

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Jackson Adame-Covey
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15 views6 pages

2.8GuidedNotes Filled

This document discusses the concept of derivatives in calculus, defining the derivative of a function at a specific value and explaining its significance in determining continuity and differentiability. It includes examples of finding derivatives and the implications of differentiability on continuity, as well as higher-order derivatives and their applications in motion analysis. The document also references educational materials used for teaching these concepts.

Uploaded by

Jackson Adame-Covey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section 2.

8 Page |1

Mat 271 Section 2.8 The Derivative as a Function


Derivative at a Value
f  a  h  f  a
Remember, the derivative of a function f at a value a is f   a   lim .
h 0 h

Definition of the Derivative of a Function


f  x  h  f  x
The __________________ of f at x is f   x   lim , provided the limit exists. For all x for which the
h 0 h
limit exists, f ' is a function of x .

The derivative can be used to determine the ___________________ _________ ____ ________________. The process
of finding the derivative of a function is called _______________________. A function is ________________ at x when
its derivative exists at x and is differentiable on an ____________ ___________  a, b  when it is differentiable at every
dy d dy
point on the interval. Common Notations: f   x  , , y,  f  x  , Dx  y  ( reads “the derivative
dx dx dx
of y with respect to x ”)

Example:
1 x
Find the derivative of y  the following functions using the limit process.
x2
Section 2.8 Page |2

Example:
Determine whether f  x   x  3 is continuous and differentiable at x  3 .

Example:
Determine whether f  x   x1/3 is continuous and differentiable at x  0 .
Section 2.8 Page |3

Theorem 3.1 Differentiability Implies Continuity


If f is _____________________ at x  c , then f is _____________________ at x  c .

It is possible for a function to be _____________________ at x  c and NOT be _____________________ at x  c .

Vertical Tangent Lines


f c  h  f c f c  h  f c
If f is continuous at c and lim  _____ or lim  _____, then the vertical line
h 0 h h 0 h
x  c passing through  c, f  c   is a ________________ ___________________ __________ to the graph of f .

Example:
Look at these graphs of functions and determine where the function is continuous and where the function is
differentiable.

Continuous for ________________________ Continuous for ________________________

Differentiable for ______________________ Differentiable for ______________________


Section 2.8 Page |4

Continuous for ________________________


Continuous for ________________________
Differentiable for ______________________
Differentiable for ______________________

Higher Order Derivatives:


Given a function y y  f  x  ,

dy
Notation of the first derivative is y  f '  x  =
dx
The derivative of the first derivative is called the ________________________________________.

d2y
Notation: y  f ''  x  =
dx 2
The derivative of the second derivative is called the _____________________________________.

d3y
Notation: y  f '''  x  =
dx 3

d4y
Notation for the fourth derivative is y
 4
 f  4  x  =
dx 4

Higher Order Derivatives in Context


If s  t  represents the position of an object relative to some fixed location at time t as the object moves along a straight
line, then the __________________ at time t is given by

v  t  = _____ = ____________________________,

provided the limit exists.


Section 2.8 Page |5

Just as you can obtain a velocity function by differentiating a position function, you can obtain an
___________________ function by differentiating a velocity function. Another way of looking at this is that you can
obtain an acceleration function by differentiating a position function __________________.

s t  _______________________ a  t   v '  t   s  t  ______________________

v  t   s  t  ______________________ j  t   a  t   v  t   s '''  t  __________________

The _______________ is the absolute value of the velocity.

Example:
Which of the curves below represent f , f , f  , f  ?

Example:
The figure shows the graphs of four functions. One is the position function of a car, one is the velocity of the car, one is
its acceleration, and one is its jerk. Identify each curve, and explain your choices.
Section 2.8 Page |6

Example:
Given the graph of f , sketch the graph of f ' on the same coordinate plane.

Information retrieved from:


Larson, R & Edwards, J. (2014). Calculus, Early Transcendental Functions. (5th ed.). Cengage Learning: Boston, MA.

Stewart, J. (2016). Calculus, Early Transcendentals. (8th ed.). Cengage Learning: Boston, MA.

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