1.

3 The Sine Law, pages 24–33

Answers 1.
2.
3.
a) 41.0 cm
a) 20.9°
b) 64.1 m
b) 38.2°
a) ∠X = 76°, x = 22.0 cm, y = 21.5 cm
c) 71.6 cm

CHAPTER 1 b) ∠D = 60.4°, ∠E = 36.6°, d = 21.9 cm

4. a) ∠A = 62°, b = 17.1 cm, c = 26.6 cm
b) ∠E = 22.7°, ∠F = 82.3°, f = 25.6 m
Trigonometry, pages, pages 2–55
5. 44 m
Prerequisite Skills, pages 4–5 6. 8 km
1. a) x = ±6 b) x = ±5 c) x = ±10 7. The measure of an angle that is opposite one of the
d) x = ±13 e) x = ±24 known sides.
2. a) 10 cm b) 12 mm c) 19.2 m 8. 4 ft
3. 5.8 m 9. from Twillingate: 11 nautical miles; from Fogo:
4. a) 1:2 b) 3:7 c) 2:5 14 nautical miles
5. $10.50 11. 55.8 m
6. a) x = 3 b) x = 3 c) x = 20, y = 4 12. Answers may vary.
7. a) 1 unit of distance on the map represents 700 000 of the 13. 19.8 cm
same unit of distance on the earth.
1.4 The Cosine Law, pages 34–41
b) 84 km
1. a) 18.9 cm b) 58.1 mm c) 3.1 m
c) 5.7 cm
2. a) 53.7° b) 88.0° c) 54.7°
8. a) 3.46 b) 19.83 c) 9015.98
3. ∠B = 86°, ∠C = 62°, a = 13.5 m
9. a) 7.7 b) 26.9 c) 0.9
4. ∠A = 67°, ∠B = 81°, ∠C = 32°
10. a) 24° b) 69° c) 36°
5. 9.5 km
1.1 Revisit the Primary Trigonometric Ratios, pages 6–15 6. Either all three sides or two sides and the enclosed angle.
1. a) opposite: AC or b; adjacent: BC or a; hypotenuse: AB or c 7. 19°
b) opposite: DE or f; adjacent: EF or d; hypotenuse: DF or e 8. 827 m
c) opposite: XY or z; adjacent: YZ or x; hypotenuse: XZ or y 9. 6.9 km
2. a) 0.5000 b) 0.7071 c) 1.7321 10. 14.7 m
3. a) ∠A = 13.6° b) ∠B = 28.8° c) ∠C = 51.0° 11. 11.5 m
4. a) 23 m b) 11 m c) 65° 12. a) 86°, 63°, 31° b) no
5. a) 16.1° b) 73.9° c) 35 cm 13. 41°
6. a) 13.5 m b) 12.4 m
1.5 Make Decisions Using Trigonometry, pages 42–51
7. a) 12.9 cm b) 37.8 cm
1. a) primary trigonometric ratios
8. a) 45.4 m b) 89.1 m
b) cosine law
9. ∠A = 25°, a = 7.2 cm, c = 17.1 cm
c) sine law
10. 16.8 m
d) primary trigonometric ratios
11. 15.5 m
e) cosine law
12. 40.5 cm
f) sine law
13. 15 mm
2. a) 64°, 20.5 cm, 22.8 cm b) 48.1°, 59.7°, 72.3°
14. 290 cm2
c) 30°, 12.2 m, 12.8 m d) 30°, 60°, 22.5 mm
1.2 Solve Problems Using Trigonometric Ratios, pages 16–23 e) 47.7°, 80.3°, 48.0 m f) 30°, 8.9 cm, 16.7 cm
1. 4° 3. Yes; the green is less than 200 m away, the shot will make it if
2. 67 m there is no wind or error.
3. 59° 4. Yes; the shot will clear the trees if there is no wind or error.
4. 1° 5. Answers may vary.
5. 5 ft 6. 4.2 km
6. Yes, the angle is 81°. 7. 49.8°, 65.1°, 65.1°
7. No, the angle is 68°. 8. 57.7 m
8. 477 m 9. a) one angle b) one angle c) two sides
9. 5 km 10. a) 4.4 km b) 65.8°, 52.2°
10. Answers may vary. 12. No; the shot will go 0.5 m wide of the net.
11. Lina reversed the opposite and adjacent sides in the fraction; d 13. 53°
" 2065 14. a) 1353.6 m b) 1985.8 m
12. 27 m c) 1757.2 m d) 12° north of east
13. 24°
Chapter 1 Review, pages 52–53
14. 3816 m
1. a) ∠B = 70°, a = 11.3 m, c = 33.0 m
15. 121 m
b) ∠A = 57.1°, ∠B = 33.0°, a = 29.4 cm
16. 6.6 ft
2. ∠A = 65.0°, ∠B = 25.0°, c = 16.6 cm
3. No; an additional side or angle is needed in order to solve the
triangle.
4. 169.3 m

550 MHR • Answers

 5. 50.2° 8. a) bar graph b) 25 c) van
6. No; need to know the measure of at least one angle. d) _
1 e) 8%
7. ∠A = 60°, a = 13.8 m, c =12.2 m 5
8. 4.4 nautical miles 9. a) 20 b) _
2 c) 70%
9. 15.5 cm 5
10. Either all three sides or two sides and the enclosed angle. 10. a) 20 b) 8 c) 35% d) _
17
11. Answers may vary. 20
12. 118.3 km 2.1 Probability Experiments, pages 60–67
13. ∠M = 50.0°, ∠L = 50.0°, ∠K = 80.0°
14. No; the rafter is too long; answers may vary. 1. a) _ 3 , 30%, 0.3 b) _7 ; answers may vary.
10 10
15. 28.4°
2. _
1 , 20%, 0.2
16. 3.4 mm 5
17. cosine law; ∠R = 43.7°, ∠P = 50.1°, ∠Q = 86.2° 3. a) 12 times b) 18 times
Chapter 1 Practice Test, pages 54–55
_
3
c) ; answers may vary.
5
1. A
4. a) _9
b) _
19
c) _3
hypotenuse 40 40 10
opposite 5. a) They should be the same height since heads and tails are
equally likely; answers may vary.
26°
c) _ d) _
C B 19 21
adjacent
b) HT and TH
40 80
2. ∠A = 56.3°, ∠B = 33.7°, c = 6.9 m 6. a) 90%
3. No; answers may vary. b) No, heads and tails are equally likely; answers may vary.
4. 3.1° 7. a) No, _ 8 = 3._3%; answers may vary.
5. ∠C = 24°, a = 60.5 m, b = 59.6 m 240
6. 39.2 m b) Yes; answers may vary.
7. ∠B = 44°, ∠C = 68°, a = 20 cm c) Yes; answers may vary.
8. 80.4° 8. a) True; explanations may vary.
9. ∠A = 69.0°, ∠B = 57.6°, ∠C = 53.4° b) True; explanations may vary.
10. a) Since sin 90° = 1, the sine law is the same as the primary 9. a) 1000; answers may vary.
trigonometric ratio for sine of a right angle; answers b) Answers may vary.
may vary. 10. a) Less than 50%; answers may vary.
b) Yes, since cos 90° = 0, for some triangles it is the same as b) Answers may vary.
using the Pythagorean theorem; answers may vary. 11. _
4 ; explanations may vary.
9

2.2 Theoretical Probability, pages 68–75

1. a) _
1 b) _3 c) _10
4 13 13
CHAPTER 2
d) _1 e) 1 f) _ 3
Probability, pages 56–97 26 26

Prerequisite Skills, pages 58–59 2. a) _1 b) _3

16 16
3. a) _ b) _ d) _
1. a) 0.97 b) 0.4 c) 0.15 d) 0.625 1 1 1
c) 0
2. a) 0.425 b) 0.3077 c) 0.8333 d) 0.4444 6 2 2
3. a) _
3 b) _4 c) _
13 4. a) _
2 b) _3 c) _3
4 25 20 5 25 5
d) _
1 _
e) 1 _
f) 1 5. a) _1 b) _1 _
c) 13
8 3 1000 36 18 18
4. a) _3 _
b) 1 _
c) 4 d) _
1 e) _
5
10 4 5 6 6
d) _9 _
e) 2 f) 1 6. _
1
20 3 5
5. a) _
3 b) _
1 c) 16 d) _1 _
7. 1 ; diagrams may vary.
4 3 26 12
6. a) 0.75 or _ b) 0.3 or _
3 _ 1 8. a) 14 is impossible; answers may vary.
4 3 b) All possible sums are between 2 and 12; answers may vary.
c) 0.16 or _4 d) 0.0385 or _ 1 9. a) 6
25 26
b) i) _
1 ii) _
1 iii) _
1 iv) _
1
c) _ d) _
_ 5 2
7. a) 18 b) 27.7% 6 3 3 3
9 5

Answers • MHR 551