Mathematics 10

Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 2
Factorials
Mathematics Grade 10
Quarter 3 – Self-Learning Module 2: Factorials
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writers: Shiena R. Akmad; Marilou P. Fajardo;
Christopher M. Quilang; Roberto L. Santoyas;
Rosario D. Tandoc
Editors: Ma. Cynthia P. Badana; Ma. Victoria L. Peñalosa
Reviewer: Julie R. Reyes; Raneth A. Yago (technical)
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS /ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larangan)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by the Department of Education – Schools Division

of Pasig City
Mathematics 10

Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 2
Factorials
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self-Learning Module on Factorials!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st-century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self-Learning Module on Factorials!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

1. Simplify expressions with factorials.

PRETEST

Directions: Identify what is being asked in each question. Write the letter of the
correct answer in your paper.
1. What is the product of a positive integer n and all positive integers less than it?
A. multiples of n C. n factors
B. n factorial D. powers of n
2. Evaluate: 1! + 2! + 4!
A. 27 C. 720
B. 120 D. 5,040
6!
3. Simplify:
(5−2)!
11
A. C. 60
36
12
B. D. 120
25
4. Which of the following factorial notation is NOT equal to 10 x 9 x 8?
5! 4!
A. 6! C. 𝑥
2! 2!
10!
B. D. 5! x 4!
7!
5. Which of the following can be the factorial notation of 42?
7!
A. C. 7!
5!
8!
B. D. 7! ● 5!
6!

RECAP

Rose, Malou, Shiena, Bobby, and Chris are to be arranged in a row for picture
taking. Create a question that satisfies each condition below:

Case 1: When an element must be placed in a specific position.

Case 2: When two or more elements must be grouped together.

Case 3: When two or more elements must not be grouped together.

 LESSON

Rose, Shiena, Bobby, and Chris are to be arranged in a row for picture taking. In
how many ways can we do it?

Bobby Chris (Rose, Shiena, Bobby, Chris)

Shiena Chris Bobby (Rose, Shiena, Chris, Bobby)

Shiena Chris (Rose, Bobby, Shiena, Chris)

Rose Bobby Chris Shiena (Rose, Bobby, Chris, Shiena)

Shiena Bobby (Rose, Chris, Shiena, Bobby)

Chris (Rose, Chris, Bobby, Shiena)

Bobby Shiena

Bobby Chris (Shiena, Rose, Bobby, Chris)

Rose Chris
Bobby (Shiena, Rose, Chris, Bobby)
Rose (Shiena, Bobby, Rose, Chris)
Chris
Shiena Bobby Chris
Rose (Shiena, Bobby, Chris, Rose)

Rose
Bobby (Shiena, Chris, Rose, Bobby)

Chris
Bobby Rose (Shiena, Chris, Bobby, Rose)

Shiena Chris (Bobby, Rose, Shiena, Chris)

Rose Chris Shiena (Bobby, Rose, Chris, Shiena)

Rose Chris (Bobby, Shiena, Rose, Chris)

Bobby Shiena Chris Rose (Bobby, Shiena, Chris, Rose)

Rose Shiena (Bobby, Chris, Rose, Shiena)

Chris
Shiena Rose (Bobby, Chris, Shiena, Rose)

Shiena
Bobby (Chris, Rose, Shiena, Bobby)
Rose Bobby
Shiena (Chris, Rose, Bobby, Shiena)
Rose Bobby
(Chris, Shiena, Rose, Bobby)
Chris Shiena Bobby Rose
(Chris, Shiena, Bobby, Rose)
Rose Shiena
(Chris, Bobby, Rose, Shiena)
Bobby Rose
Shiena (Chris, Bobby, Shiena, Rose)
 The tree diagram shows that there are 24 possible arrangements if 4 persons
are to be arranged in a row for a picture taking. Aside from using the diagram,
another alternative method of determining the number of possible outcomes is by
Fundamental Principle of Counting. In the first column, there are 4 choices, Rose,
Shiena, Bobby, and Chris. After choosing one, there were only 3 persons left to
choose from, then two, then one. Thus, 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24. What have you noticed
about the factors? The factors are consecutive. The expression 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 can
also be written as 4! which is known as Factorial.

What is Factorial?

Factorial is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to a given
positive integer and denoted by that integer (n) and an exclamation point. Thus n! is
read as n factorial.

5! = 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120

4! = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24

3! = 3 × 2 × 1 = 6

2! = 2 x 1 = 2

1! = 1

0! = 1

What if the factors are arranged in ascending order?

Example 1:

Rewrite the following factorials.

A. 12! with a factor 9!

12! = 12 𝑥 11 𝑥 10 𝑥 9!

B. 15! with a factor 13!

15! = 15 𝑥 14 𝑥 13!

C. 10! with a factor 5!

10! = 10 𝑥 9 𝑥 8 𝑥 7 𝑥 6 𝑥 5!
Example 2:

Evaluate each factorial notation.

A. 6! = 6 𝑥 5 𝑥 4 𝑥 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1 = 720

B. (6 – 2)! = 4! = 4 𝑥 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1 = 24

7! 7𝑥6𝑥5𝑥4𝑥3𝑥2𝑥1 5,040
C. = (4 𝑥 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1)+(3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1)
= = 168
4!+3! 24+6

Example 3:

Solve for x.

A. x = 8! = 8 𝑥 7 𝑥 6 𝑥 5 𝑥 4 𝑥 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1

x = 40,320

B. x + 3! = 6!

𝑥 = 6! − 3!

𝑥 = (6 𝑥 5 𝑥 4 𝑥 3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1) − (3 𝑥 2 𝑥 1)

𝑥 = 720 − 6

𝒙 = 𝟕𝟏𝟒

4!
C. 3𝑥 =
2!

4𝑥3𝑥2𝑥1
3𝑥 =
2𝑥1

24
3𝑥 =
2

3𝑥 = 12

𝒙=𝟒
 ACTIVITIES

Directions: Analyze and answer the given questions. Write your answers on your
paper.

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Direction: Evaluate each Factorial notation.
1. 8! _________________________________________

2. (9 + 1)! _________________________________________

3. 6! (5 – 2)! _________________________________________

4. 4! + 5! _________________________________________

8!
5. _________________________________________
6!

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Direction: Simplify the following factorials.
10!
1. =
4!3!

(8!12!)
2.
11!

10!
3. (10−3)!
+ 6!

(11!)(9!)
4. (10!)(7!)
+ 2! 3!

4!(13−5)! 1
5. ( )( )
5!3! 4!

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Direction: Solve for the value of x.

1. x = 9!

2. 7! = x + 2!
𝑥
3. = 6!
4!

4. x – (9 – 4)! = 7!
8!
5. 2𝑥 =
6!
 WRAP-UP

Factorial is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to a given
positive integer and denoted by that integer and an exclamation point.

It can be written as n! = n x (n -1) x (n - 2) x . . . x 2 x 1

Zero factorial or 0! is defined as equal to 1.

VALUING

In the book “Anno’s Mysterious Multiplying Jar”, the author tells a story of a
mysterious jar and how within it is an island, two countries within the island, three
mountains within each country, four kingdoms within each mountain, five towns
within each kingdom, six homes within each town, etc…Annos uses a mysterious jar
while you will start with your own mysterious bag. Think of an item that can be put
inside your bag that will follow this concept. Collaborate with your family members
and try to reach 5!

POSTTEST

Directions: Identify what is being asked in each question. Write only the letter of
the correct answer in your paper.

1. Which of the following is true in the definition of factorial?

A. n! = (n-1) (n-2) (n-3) … C. n! = n(n-1) (n-2) (n-3) …3(2)(1)
B. n! = (n-1) (n-2) (n-3) …3(2)(1) D. n! = n(n-1) (n-2) …3(2)(1)(0)
2. Which of the following is equal to 5!
A. 5●1 C. 5●4●3●2●1
B. 5●4●3●2 D. 5●4●3●2●1●0
8!
3. Evaluate: ?
(6−2)!

A. 135 C. 540
B. 336 D. 1,680
PRETEST
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A
ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
1. 40,320
2. 3,628,800
3. 4,320
4. 144
5. 56
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
1. 25,200
2. 483,840
3. 1,440
4. 804
5. 56
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
1. 362,880
2. 5,038
3. 17,280
4. 5,160
5. 28
POSTTEST
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A
KEY TO CORRECTION
6! 5! 6!
𝑥 D. B.
5! 9! 9!
2! 5! 5!
𝑥 C. 𝑥3𝑥2 A.
4! 7! 7!
5. Which of the following is NOT equal to 9 x 8 x 7?
362,880 D. 5,040 B.
120,000 C. 144 A.
4. What is the value of 4! + (18 – 13)!?
 References

Callanta, Melvin, Canonigo, Allan, Chua, Arnaldo, Cruz, Jerry, Esparrago, Mirla,
Garcia, Elino, Magnaye, Aries, Orines, Fernando, Perez, Rowena, and
Concepcion Ternida. Mathematics Grade 10 Learner’s. Pasig: Department of
Education, 2015.

Nivera, Gladys, and Minie Rose Lapinid. Grade 10 Mathematics Patterns and
Practicalities. Makati: Don Bosco Press, 2018.

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-Math 10. Manila: Rex Bookstore, Inc.,
2017.

Yeo, Joseph, The Keng Seng, Loh Cheng Yee, Ivy Chow, Neo Chai Meng, Ong Chan
Hong. New Syllabus Mathematics Singapore Math Worktext. Manila: Rex
Bookstore, Inc., 2017.

https://sites google.com/s lesson-plan-1-4/practicum. (accessed June 18, 2020).

https://www.britannica.com/science/factorial. (accessed June 18, 2020).
https://www.thoughtco.com/factorial-in-math-and-statistics-3126584. (accessed
June 18, 2020).