Scribd
Upload
9 views

creating-the-classes-slides

The document provides an overview of creating a Product class in C#, covering class templates, access modifiers, encapsulation, methods, properties, constructors, and composition. It emphasizes the importance of encapsulation and the use of access modifiers to protect data, along with demonstrating how to implement various functionalities within the class. Additionally, it discusses the concept of partial classes and the relationship between classes through composition.

Uploaded by

nouhaila.naamane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

creating-the-classes-slides

The document provides an overview of creating a Product class in C#, covering class templates, access modifiers, encapsulation, methods, properties, constructors, and composition. It emphasizes the importance of encapsulation and the use of access modifiers to protect data, along with demonstrating how to implement various functionalities within the class. Additionally, it discusses the concept of partial classes and the relationship between classes through composition.

Uploaded by

nouhaila.naamane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

Creating the Classes

Gill Cleeren
CTO Xpirit Belgium

@gillcleeren
Overview
Creating the Product class
Using composition
Working with class-level members
Splitting into multiple partial classes
Creating the Product class
The Class Template

public class MyClass


{
private int counter;

public void MyMethod()


{
//Do something great here
}
}
public class Product
{
...
}

The Product Class


The Class Access Modifiers

protected and
public internal
private
Can I leave out the
access modifier?
internal by default

Also now default when creating a


new class using Visual Studio
The Product Class: Data

Id
Name
Description

Maximum in stock
Price & currency
Unit type
Current amount in stock

Low on stock?
public class Product
{
private int id;
private string name = string.Empty;
}

Adding Fields (aka Instance Variables )


Typically, private (also default)
Hiding the information inside the class > Encapsulation
Must be accessed through methods or properties
Possible Access Modifiers on a Field

private public

protected internal
Using encapsulation
Change and access through public
interface

Some data is never exposed and


thus only used for inner workings

Through access modifiers, we apply


encapsulation
Demo

Creating the class


Adding fields
The Product Class: Functionalities

“Use” product
Add new product to inventory
Alert if low on stock
Display the details of a product (short & long)

Increase stock when order arrives


public class Product
{
public void IncreaseStock()
{
amountInStock++;
}
}

Adding a Method
Public if part of the public interface
Can work with private fields to change state of object they belong to
The Method Template

<access modifier> <return type> Method_Name (Parameters)


{
//method statements
}
Demo

Adding methods
Using “getter and setter” Methods

public class Product


{
private string name;

public string GetName()


{
return name;
}

public void SetName(string n)


{
name = n;
}
}
Can we only use
methods?
Some data might need to be part of
public interface of class

Properties wrap data and can control


its value
public class Product
{
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set
{
name = value;//custom logic can be included here
}
}
}

Using a Property
Combination of private field and public method
Contain get and set accessors
Can contain logic to check value
Analyzing a Full Property

public string Name


{
get { return name; }
set
{
name = value;
}
}
Converting to Auto-Implemented Properties
Also known as automatic properties

Product.cs Product.cs

public string Name


{
get { return name; }
set
{ public string Name { get; set; }
name = value;
}
}
public string Name t Readonly property
{
get {return name;}
}

public string Name { get; private set; } t Private set


Demo

Adding properties
Using properties inside the class
Creating Objects

Product product = new Product();


public Product()
{
maxAmountInStock = 100;
name = string.Empty;
}

Adding a Constructor
Used to instantiate an object with initial values
Numeric to 0
Char to ‘\0’
Boolean to false
References to null
What happens if we
omit the constructor?
A default constructor is created for
us

Only if we don’t include another


constructor!
public Product()
{ }

The “Default” Constructor


Not visible
Not created when any other constructor is created
public Product(int id, string name)
{
Id = id;
Name = name;
}

Passing Parameters to the Constructor


Demo

Adding constructors
Do we always need to
find unique names?
Combination of parameters (number,
order, data types) must be unique

Names can be reused

Method overloading
public void IncreaseStock()
{
AmountInStock++;
}

public void IncreaseStock(int amount)


{
//implement method here
}

Using Method Overloading


public Product(int id) : this(id, string.Empty)
{ }

public Product(int id, string name)


{
Id = id;
Name = name;
}

Using Constructor Overloading


Demo

Using method and constructor overloading


How Objects Are Created

“this”
Copy of fields

Methods
Properties Copy of fields

Copy of fields
public Product(int id, string name)
{
this.Id = id;
this.Name = name;
}

Working with this


Demo

Using the this reference


public class Product(int id, string name)
{
public int Id
{
get
{
return id;
}
}

public string Name { get; set; } = name;


}

Primary Constructors
Introduced in C# 12

Way of declaring a constructor whose parameters are available in body of the type
public class Product(int id, string name)
{
public Product(int id, string name, decimal price)
: this(id, name)
{ }
}

Adding an Overloaded Constructor


Using Composition
A Product “Has-A” Price

Product

Price
Using Composition

Association of objects of different classes

Type may not be able to exist standalone

Can be reused in multiple classes


Demo

Adding the Price class


Applying composition
Splitting into Partial Classes
Using partial

Physically splitting up over multiple files

Classes, structs and interfaces support partial

Combined upon compilation

Useful if parts of the class are generated


Using the partial Keyword

Product.cs Product2.cs

public partial class Product public partial class Product


{ {
} }
Demo

Creating a second Product class using


partial
Adding the Order Class
Demo

Adding the Order class


Classes are the main building block in C#
Contain
Summary - Fields
- Methods
- Properties
- Constructors

Encapsulation is applied using access


modifiers
Composition creates the “Has-A” relation
Can be partial
Up Next:

Using and Testing the Classes

You might also like