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Plurals in Spanish

The document outlines the four basic rules for forming plurals in Spanish: adding -S for nouns ending in vowels, adding -ES for nouns ending in consonants, changing -Z to -CES, and noting exceptions for certain words that do not change. Examples are provided for each rule to illustrate their application. Additionally, there are exercises for practicing pluralization with articles and nouns.

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56 views4 pages

Plurals in Spanish

The document outlines the four basic rules for forming plurals in Spanish: adding -S for nouns ending in vowels, adding -ES for nouns ending in consonants, changing -Z to -CES, and noting exceptions for certain words that do not change. Examples are provided for each rule to illustrate their application. Additionally, there are exercises for practicing pluralization with articles and nouns.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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THE PLURAL OF NOUNS

The 4 basic rules for forming the plural in Spanish

Rule #1: Adding -S to the end of the noun


The first rule of plural in Spanish says that we add the letter -S to the end of a word when it
ends with a vowel without an TILDE like the words “CASA” and “MESA”. We also add the letter
-S to words that end in “É, Á, Ó” (with TILDE) such as BEBÉ, MAMÁ, YOYÓ.

Here are some examples:

 WORDS THAT END IN A VOWEL WITHOUT AN ACCENT

House – There are three small houses.

Table – Can you clean the tables?

Finger – She has five fingers on her hands

 WORDS THAT END IN –É, –Á, –Ó

Coffee – Two coffees, please

Sofa – Sofas are very comfortable

Set – Television sets are huge

Rule #2: Adding -ES to the end of the noun


The second rule for plural in Spanish says that we add the letters -ES when the word ends in a
consonant. This rule applies to nouns such as “TELEVISOR” or “PAPEL” and also to those that
end in a vowel (i, u) with an TILDE (í, ú). Here are some examples:

 WORDS THAT END IN A CONSONANT

Television – We bought two televisions

Song – The album has 12 songs

Mouse – There are mice in the house

 WORDS THAT END IN A VOWEL WITH AN ACCENT (--Í, –Ú)

Hummingbird – Hummingbirds are very small birds

Moroccan – Moroccans eat a lot of couscous.

Ruby – Rubies are expensive

Bamboo – Bamboos grow very tall and grow very large.


Rule #3: Changing -Z to -CES
When a word ends in the consonant -Z, we replace the -Z with -CES. Some common nouns in
Spanish that end in -Z are: actress, ostrich, happy, fish and voice. Here are some examples of
sentences with plural nouns in Spanish that end in –Z.

 WORDS THAT END IN -Z

Light – There are several lights on

Voice – Their voices are beautiful

Cross – There are several crosses in the church

Rule #4: Exceptions – Words without plural in Spanish


There are some words that do not need to change from singular to plural in Spanish. These
words generally end in -S and -X. Basically, those ending in -S are already plural. Geographical
proper names do not have plural (France, Spain, Alps, Andes, Santander, etc.)

 WORDS WITHOUT PLURAL IN SPANISH

Monday – Mondays are busy days

Alps – The Alps are very high mountains

Crisis – There are many crises in the world

Grasshoppers – Grasshoppers are wonderful insects


Write the plural with the article of each noun.

1. the table → the tables


2. the dictionary → ______________
3. Friday → ______________
4. the nation → ______________
5. the doctor → ______________
6. the car → ______________
7. the light → ______________
8. the button → ______________
9. the sofa → ______________
10. the caribou → ______________

Write the nouns in plural.

1. In this neighborhood (the house) ______________ are all the same.


2. At night they come (the wild boar) ______________ to eat.
3. (the speaker) ______________ are broken.
4. I like (television) ______________ big.
5. We all have to pass (the exam) ______________.

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