Scribd
Upload
16 views4 pages

Ring Theory

The document is a comprehensive examination on ring theory, divided into four parts with multiple questions covering various topics such as commutative rings, integral domains, ideals, and homomorphisms. It includes definitions, examples, and proofs related to the properties of rings and polynomials. Additionally, it touches on linear programming problems and methods for solving them, indicating a blend of abstract algebra and optimization techniques.

Uploaded by

netrakanti naik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views4 pages

Ring Theory

The document is a comprehensive examination on ring theory, divided into four parts with multiple questions covering various topics such as commutative rings, integral domains, ideals, and homomorphisms. It includes definitions, examples, and proofs related to the properties of rings and polynomials. Additionally, it touches on linear programming problems and methods for solving them, indicating a blend of abstract algebra and optimization techniques.

Uploaded by

netrakanti naik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

RING THEORY

Part-1
Q.1 Answer all question. 1 × 12 = 12

i. What is commutative ring.


ii. Which of the following is not a field .
(a) 𝑧6 (b)𝑧7

iii. Give an example of integral domain.


iv. Characteristic of 𝑍6 is_________.
v. 𝑍 is not ideal of 𝑄.State (true/false).
vi. Let 𝜑: 𝑅 → 𝑆 be a ring homomorphism from a ring 𝑅 into a ring 𝑆. Then 𝜑(−𝑎) = ________________∀𝑎 ∈ 𝑅.
vii. If a ring homomorphism 𝜑: 𝑅 → 𝑆 is an isomorphism, then find 𝑘𝑒𝑟𝜑 ?
viii. Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 +𝑥,𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 be in 𝑍5 [𝑥].Compute𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑔(𝑥).
ix. Is the polynomial 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 is reducible over 𝑄 ?
x. Every field is UFD. State true/false.
xi. Find all the multiplicative inverse of 1 + √2 in 𝑍[√2].
xii. Find all associates of 3 in 𝑍.
PART-2
Q.2 Answer any eight questions from the following. [2 × 8 = 16]
i. Define an integral domain. Is every integral domain form a field?
ii. Given an example of ring elements a and with properties that 𝑎𝑏 = 0 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑏𝑎 ≠ 0.
iii. Define an ideal of a ring 𝑅 give one example of Ideal.
iv. Let 𝐴 be an ideal of a ring 𝑅 and 1 ∈ 𝐴.Then show that 𝐴 = 𝑅.
v. Show that the correspondence 𝑥 → 3𝑥 from 𝑍4 𝑡𝑜 𝑍12 does not preserve multiplication.
vi. Let 𝐹 be a field,𝑎 ∈ 𝐹 and 𝑓(𝑥) ∈ 𝐹(𝑥). Show that 𝑓(𝑎) is the reminder in the division of𝑓(𝑥) by (𝑥 − 𝑎).
vii. List all the polynomials of degree 2 in 𝑍2 [𝑥].
viii. Write definition of Eisenstein’s criterion.
ix. Show that in an integral domain every prime is an irreducible.
x. Show that 2 is irreducible over 𝑍[−√5] .
xi. Find the maximal ideals in 𝑍36 `
Part-3
Q.3 Answer any eight questions from the following. 3 × 8 = 24
i. Let 𝑅 be a ring. Then show that
a) The zero element is unique.
b) The additive inverse of each element in 𝑅 is unique.
ii. If 𝑃 is a prime, then show that 𝑍𝑃 has no zero divisors.
iii. Show that the characteristic of an integral domain is either zero or prime.
iv. Prove that intersection of two ideals of 𝑅 is an ideal of 𝑅.
v. Show that the map 𝜑: 𝑓(𝑥) → 𝑓(1) is a ring homomorphism from 𝑅[𝑥] onto 𝑅.
vi. Show that 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 is reducible over 𝑄.Does this fact contradict the irreducibility of 𝑝𝑡ℎ cyclotomic polynomial?
vii. Prove that 7 irreducible in𝑍[√6] even through 𝑁(7) is not prime.
viii. If 𝐷 is an integral domain, then show that show that 𝐷[𝑥] is also an integral domain.
ix. Every Euclidean domain is a principal ideal domain.
x. Show that 𝑥 4 + 𝑥 + 3 is reducible over the field 𝑍5 .
xi. Show that {0,2,4} is a subring of the ring 𝑍6 ,
Part-4
Q.4
i. Let 𝑍[√2] = {𝑎 + 𝑏√2: 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍}.Prove that 𝑍[√2] is a ring under the ordinary addition and multiplication of real numbers.
OR
ii. What is characteristic of integral domain. Show that the characteristic of an integral domain is either zero or prime.
Q.5
i. 𝑅/𝐴 is an integral domain if and only if 𝐴 is prime.
OR
ii. Let 𝜑 be a ring homomorphism from 𝑅 to 𝑆.Then prove that mapping
Ψ: R/kerφ → 𝜑(𝑅) is given by Ψ(𝑟 + 𝑘𝑒𝑟𝜑) = 𝜑(𝑟) is an isomorphism.
Q.6
i. State and prove Eisenstein’s criterion. Prove that the 𝑝𝑡ℎ cyclotomic polynomial (𝑥 𝑝−1 + 𝑥 𝑝−2 +………………….+𝑥 + 1) is
irreducible over 𝑄,where 𝑝 is a prime number.
OR
ii. Prove that If 𝑓(𝑥) ∈ 𝑍[𝑥] is irreducible in 𝑍[𝑥] that it is irreducible in 𝑄[𝑥]. verify this through an example.

Q.7
i. Prove that every Euclidean domain is a principal ideal domain.
OR
ii. Show that In a principal ideal domain; an element is prime if and only if it is irreducible.

iii.
Q.1 Answer all question.
Q.2 Answer any eight of the following.
i. What is linear programming problem? write it in its mathematical form.
ii. What do you mean by feasible solution and optimum solution of an LPP?
Q.3
i. Using simplex method solve the following LPP.
max 𝑍 = 4𝑥1 + 10𝑥2
Subject to constraints
2𝑥1 + 𝑥2 ≤ 50
2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2 ≤ 90
and 𝑥1 ≥ 0, 𝑥2 ≥ 0

OR
ii. Using Big-M method solve the following LPP.
max 𝑍 = 2𝑥1 + 3𝑥2
Subject to constraints
𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 ≤ 4
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 = 3
and 𝑥1 ≥ 0, 𝑥2 ≥ 0

Q.5
i. Use two-phase simplex method to solve the following LPP.
max 𝑍 = 5𝑥1 + 3𝑥2
Subject to constraints
2𝑥1 + 𝑥2 ≤ 4
𝑥1 + 4𝑥2 ≥ 6
and 𝑥1 ≥ 0, 𝑥2 ≥ 0

OR
I. State and prove Fundamental theorem of Duality
ii. Write dual of the following LPP

min 𝑍 = 15𝑥1 + 12𝑥2


Subject to constraints
𝑥1 + 2𝑥2 ≥ 3
2𝑥1 − 4𝑥2 ≤ 5
and 𝑥1 ≥ 0, 𝑥2 ≥ 0
Q.6 Using Vogel’s approximation method, solve the following transportation problem

D1 D2 D3 D4 supply
D1 11 13 17 14 250
D2 16 18 14 10 300
D3 21 24 13 10 400
Demand 200 225 275 250

OR

You might also like