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lecture3

This document is a lecture on MATLAB programming, specifically focusing on solving systems of linear equations using matrix methods and built-in functions. It includes examples of commands to execute in MATLAB, methods for editing matrices, and approaches for curve fitting with data visualization. Additionally, it discusses symbolic matrices and converting them to numeric form in MATLAB.

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Mohammed Shaaban
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

lecture3

This document is a lecture on MATLAB programming, specifically focusing on solving systems of linear equations using matrix methods and built-in functions. It includes examples of commands to execute in MATLAB, methods for editing matrices, and approaches for curve fitting with data visualization. Additionally, it discusses symbolic matrices and converting them to numeric form in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

Mohammed Shaaban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The MATLAB Programming Language

Lecture 3

Dr. Eng. Samer Mohamed Elabd


Quiz 1

20 mln
Systems of linear equations

 Systems of linear equations are very important


in engineering and scientific analysis.
 A simple example is finding the solution of two
simultaneous equations, e.g.

x + 2y = 4,
2x − y = 3.
Systems of linear equations

 Approach 1: This approach is the matrix


method approach.
 Type the following commands (exactly as they
are):
>> a = [1 2; 2 -1]; <Enter>
>> b = [4; 3]; <Enter>
>> X = a\b <Enter>
x=
2

y=
1
Systems of linear equations

Approach 2: This approach uses the built-in solve


function.

>> [x,y] = solve(’x+2*y=4’,’2*x-y=3’) <Enter>


x=
2

y=
1
Systems of linear equations

Check of results: After executing either (a) or (b)


above type the following commands (exactly as
they are):
>> x + 2*y % should give ans = 4 <Enter>
ans =
4

>> 2*x - y % should give ans = 3 <Enter>


ans =
3

The % symbol is a flag that indicates all information to the right is not
part of the command.
Systems of linear equations

>> matrix = [1 2 3; 4 5 6]

To Edit data:
Assign a value to a certain position in a
matrix
Example: matrix(2,3) = 100

To Delete a row :
Matrix(9,:) = [];
Example: delete Column 4 of your matrix
Systems of linear equations

x1 − 2x2 + 3x3 =4
2x1 − 5x2 + 12x3 = 15
2x2 − 10x3 = −10,

Ax = b
Systems of linear equations

Ax = b
In Matlab the standard way to solve a system Ax
= b is by the command:
>> x = inv(A)*b
or
>> x = A\b
 We can do the above computations as follows:
>> A = [1 -2 3 ; 2 -5 12 ; 0 2 -10]
>> b = [4 15 -10]'
>> x = A\b
Systems of linear equations
5 ton 4 7 5
Sheet
Q1
1 1 2 3
F8
2 7 ton

F9 F10
In the problem above
1. How many equations will be generated?

2. In the problem above, how many unknowns are there?

3. In the problem above, each element is 5 m long. Construct the


matrix you would solve to find the forces in the elements and the
reactions. Use the element and node numbering shown.
Systems of linear equations
Sheet
Q2 W t/m
A B
x

Write a Matlab function to calculate and plot the


bending moment at point c for different distance x
from the left support.
Curve Fitting

 In each of the following problems, determine


the best function y(x) (linear, exponential, or
power function) to describe the data.
 Plot the function on the same plot with the
data. Label and format the plots appropriately.
x 25 30 35 40 45
a)
y 5 260 480 745 1100

b)

x 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10

y 1500 1220 1050 915 810 745 690 620 520 480 410 390
Curve Fitting

The population data for a certain country are as


follows:
Year 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Population
10 10.9 11.7 12.6 13.8 14.9
(millions)

 Obtain a function that describes these data.


 Plot the function and the data on the same
plot.
 Estimate when the population will be double its
2004 size.
Curve Fitting

Use fit function of cftool

>> cftool

>> [cfun,gof,output] = fit(x',y', ‘exp1')


Try typing the following in matlab
>>f(x) = x^2+3*y;
Undefined function or variable 'x'.

Try the following


>> syms x y
>> f(x,y) = x^2+3*y;

Now try to evaluate the function f at x = 1 and y =2


>> f(1,2)

ans =
7
Symbolic matrix
Try the following
>> clear; x=sym(‘x’); y=sym(‘y’);
>> f(x,y) = x^2+3*y;

What is the difference

>> s=f(1,2)
s=
7

The result s is a symbolic matrix

To Convert symbolic matrix to MATLAB numeric form


>> s=double(s)

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