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C Programming Notes

The document provides an overview of algorithms, defining them as finite sets of logical instructions for problem-solving. It outlines key characteristics of algorithms, including finiteness, definiteness, input, output, effectiveness, and generality. An example algorithm for calculating the sum of two numbers is also included, demonstrating the principles of algorithm design.

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3 views2 pages

C Programming Notes

The document provides an overview of algorithms, defining them as finite sets of logical instructions for problem-solving. It outlines key characteristics of algorithms, including finiteness, definiteness, input, output, effectiveness, and generality. An example algorithm for calculating the sum of two numbers is also included, demonstrating the principles of algorithm design.

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innnu22
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© © All Rights Reserved
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C Programming Notes

C Programming Notes - Units 1, 2, and 3

Unit-1

# Unit-1

### Question 1: Define Algorithm? What are the characteristics? Write an example of algorithm.

Algorithm: An algorithm is a finite set of well-defined, logical instructions or steps for solving a

problem or performing a specific task. Algorithms are widely used in computer programming and

other disciplines to design efficient and effective solutions to problems. An algorithm should be

language-independent and focus on the logical flow of operations.

Characteristics of an Algorithm:

1. Finiteness: An algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps. It should not run

indefinitely.

2. Definiteness: Each step of the algorithm must be precisely defined. There should be no ambiguity

in the instructions.

3. Input: An algorithm should have zero or more well-defined inputs.

4. Output: An algorithm must produce at least one output that is related to the given inputs.

5. Effectiveness: The operations described in the algorithm should be basic enough to be executed

using available resources.

6. Generality: The algorithm should solve a class of problems, not just a single problem.

Example of an Algorithm:
C Programming Notes

Algorithm to find the sum of two numbers:

1. Start.

2. Input two numbers, say a and b.

3. Calculate the sum of a and b using the formula: sum = a + b.

4. Display the result, i.e., sum.

5. Stop.

Detailed Explanation:

Let us consider two numbers, for instance, a = 10 and b = 20. By following the above steps, the

algorithm takes these numbers as input, calculates their sum (10 + 20 = 30), and produces the

output 30. The algorithm terminates after printing the result, ensuring finiteness and definiteness.

This is a simple example, but the principles apply to more complex algorithms, such as sorting or

searching.

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