Virtualization Lab Manual
Virtualization Lab Manual
CONTENTS
Expt.
No Date Title of Experiment Page Signature
VMWARE
3 VNC
Aim:
Procedure:
• Choose the installation method for the guest OS. You can either install from a disc
or image file (ISO) or choose to install later. If you have the ISO file for your
guest OS, select it during this step
• Click “Next”
• Enter the name of your virtual machine and choose the location whereyou want to
save it.
• Select the appropriate guest operating system and version. For example, if you are
installing Windows 10, choose "Windows" as the guest OS and "Windows 10 x64" as
the version.
• Click "Next."
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• Allocate memory: Choose how much RAM you want to allocate to the virtual
machine. Make sure to leave enough memory for your host OS to run smoothly as
well.
• Allocate storage: Choose whether to store the virtual disk as a single file or split into
multiple files. Specify the disk size, and you can also choose to allocate all disk space
now or let it grow as needed.
• Click "Next."
Step 8: Customize Hardware (Optional)
• If needed, you can customize the virtual machine's hardware settings like CPU cores,
network adapters, graphics memory, etc. Otherwise, you can leave them as default.
• Click "Finish" once you are satisfied with the settings.
Step 8: Install Guest OS
• Start the virtual machine you just created. The virtual machine will boot from the ISO
or installation media you provided earlier.
• Follow the standard installation process for your guest OS.
Step 9: Install VMware Tools (Optional but Recommended)
• After installin/ g the guest OS, it is advisable to install VMware Tools within the
guest OS. VMware Tools provides better integration between the host and guest OS,
enabling features like shared folders, improved graphics, and more.
In the same way, we can install windows OS also. The output screens for the virtual
machines of different configurations.
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OUTPUT:
RESULT:
Thus, various configurations of Virtual machines has been created and run.
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To find the procedure of Shrink a virtual disk involves reducing its size to reclaim
unused space and extend a virtual disk allows you to increase its size to accommodate more
data.
Procedure:
Step1: Inside the virtual machine, delete unnecessary files and empty therecycle
bin/trash to free up space.
Step 2: Defragment the virtual machine's disk to move all the data to thebeginning of the
disk.
Step 7: Look for an option to shrink or compact the disk and follow the prompts.
Step 8: The process might take some time, and it's essential to back up yourvirtual machine
before proceeding, as data loss can occur in some cases.
Step 2: On the host system, open the virtualization software (e.g., VMware,VirtualBox).
Step 5: Look for an option to increase or extend the disk and follow theprompts.
Step 6: Specify the new size for the virtual disk (make sure to allocate enoughspace for your
needs).
Step 7: The process might take some time, and it's crucial to back up your virtual machine
before proceeding, as extending the disk involves modifying theunderlying file system.
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Output:
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Result:
Thus, the shrink and extend of virtual disk has been created and run
successfully.
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a. Select the virtual machine in the management interface (e.g., vSphere Client).
b. Right-click on the virtual machine and choose "Snapshot" or "Take Snapshot."
d. Optionally, select the memory state to capture the virtual machine's running state
(requires the virtual machine to be powered off).
a. Viewing Snapshots: To see the list of snapshots for a virtual machine, navigate to
the "Snapshots" tab in the virtual machine's details.
Step 3: Configuring Snapshot Settings: The snapshot settings allow you todefine how
snapshots are managed and stored.
a. Snapshot Location: Configure the location where snapshot files are stored, which
can be on the same data store as the virtual machine or on a different storage location.
b. Snapshot Quiescent: Enable or disable the use of VMware Tools to quiesce the file
system inside the virtual machine before taking a snapshot. This helps ensure application
consistency during the snapshot.
Step 4: Scheduling Snapshots: Some virtualization platforms allow you toschedule snapshots
to be taken automatically at specific intervals.
Output:
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Result:
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Aim:
Procedure :
c. Identify the disks you want to use in the spanned volume. They should be
unallocated or have empty space available.
e. Follow the on-screen instructions to select additional disks and allocate space for
the spanned volume.
f. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new volume and format it with a file
system.
a. Follow steps a to c from the spanned volume creation process to open Disk
Management.
b. Right-click on one of the disks you want to use in the mirror and choose "New
Mirrored Volume."
c. Select the additional disk(s) to mirror the first disk, and then allocate space for the
mirrored volume.
d. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new volume and format it with a file
system. e. Windows will start the synchronization process, where data is copied from the
source disk to the mirror disk(s).
b. Select the additional disk(s) to include in the stripe, and then allocate space for the
striped volume. d. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new volume and format it with a
file system.
Output:
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Result:
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Aim:
Procedure:
Step 1: Backup Data: Before creating the RAID 5 volume, back up all your critical data to
ensure it is safe in case of any unforeseen issues.
Step 2: Initialize and Convert Disks to Dynamic: If your disks are currently basic disks, you
need to convert them to dynamic disks to create a RAID 5 volume. Follow these steps:
c. Identify the disks you want to use in the RAID 5 array. They should beunallocated
or have empty space available.
d. Right-click on each disk and select "Convert to Dynamic Disk." Repeat this for all
the disks you want to include in the RAID 5 array.
Step 3: Create the RAID 5 Volume: Once you have converted the disks to dynamic, you can
proceed to create the RAID 5 volume:
a. Right-click on one of the disks you want to use in the RAID 5 array.
c. Follow the on-screen instructions to select the other disks you want to include in
the RAID 5 array. There should be at least three disks in total.
d. Allocate the desired amount of space for the RAID 5 volume. RAID 5 requires a
minimum of three disks, and the volume size will be the total capacity of all disks minus one
disk's worth of space. For example, if you have three 1TB disks, the RAID 5 volume will
have a total capacity of 2TB.
e. Assign a drive letter or mount point to the new RAID 5 volume and format it with
a file system.
Step 4: Initialize and Format the RAID 5 Volume: After creating the RAID 5volume, you
need to initialize and format it:
a. When prompted, initialize the disks using the default partition style(usually
GPT).
b. Format the RAID 5 volume with your desired file system (e.g., NTFS)and assign
a drive letter or mount point.
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Output:
Result:
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Aim:
Procedure:
Step 2: Configure VNC Server: After installing the VNC server, you'll need to configure it
by setting a password or access control options to secure the remote access. Ensure that the
VNC server is running and ready to accept incoming connections.
Step 4: Connect to the Remote Desktop: Launch the VNC viewer and enter the IP address or
host name of the remote computer (the host) you want to connect to. If you have configured a
password or access control options on the VNC server, you will be prompted to enter the
credentials. Once authenticated, the VNC viewer establishes a connection to the remote
desktop.
Step 5: Control the Remote Desktop: After the connection is established, you will see the
remote desktop environment displayed in the VNC viewer. You can now interact with the
remote desktop as if you were physically sitting in front of it. You can run applications,
access files, and perform any tasks on the remote computer just as if you were using it
directly.
Output:
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Result:
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Aim:
Procedure:
Step 1: Install Chrome Remote Desktop Extension: Make sure you have the Google Chrome
web browser installed on both the computer you want to access remotely (the host) and the
computer or device you want to use for remote access (the client). Install the "Chrome
Remote Desktop" extension from the Chrome Web Store on both devices.
d. Sign in with your Google Account (the same account used on the host
computer).
a. After signing in, you should see a list of available computers set up for remote access. Choose
the host computer you want to access.
a. If you have set up a PIN for the host computer, you will be prompted to enter it to
authenticate the remote access.
a. You can now interact with the host computer's desktop through the Chrome
browser on your client device. Use your mouse and keyboard to controlthe remote desktop.
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b. To switch between full-screen and windowed mode, click the "Toggle full screen"
button on the top right corner of the remote desktop window.
Step 7: End the Remote Session: To end the remote session, click the "StopSharing"
button at the bottom of the remote desktop window.
Output:
Result:
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Aim:
Procedure:
Step 1: Install ESXi 6.5: First, you need to install VMware ESXi 6.5 on your server.
Step 2: Access ESXi Web Client: Once ESXi is installed and running, access the ESXi Web
Client through a web browser on a separate computer. Enter the IP address or hostname of
your ESXi server to log in to the management interface.
Step 3: Create a Virtual Machine: To create a virtual machine within ESXi, follow these
steps:
a. In the ESXi Web Client, navigate to the "Hosts and Clusters" view.
c. Click on the "Create/Register VM" button or right-click on the host and choose
"New Virtual Machine."
d. The "Create New Virtual Machine" wizard will appear. Follow the steps in the
wizard to configure the virtual machine, including providing a name, selecting the guest
operating system, setting the desired resources (CPU, memory, disk space, etc.), and
selecting a storage location for the virtual machine files.
Step 5: Access and Manage the Virtual Machine: After the guest operating system is
installed, you can access the virtual machine through the VMware Remote Console (VMRC)
or use remote access tools like VNC or RDP to interact with the guest operating system.
OUTPUT:
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Result:
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Procedure:
Step 1: Launch Cisco Packet Tracer: Start Cisco Packet Tracer and open a new or existing
project.
Step 2: Add Switches: Drag and drop switches from the "Switches" section of the "Devices"
pane onto the workspace. You can use any Cisco switch model available in Packet Tracer.
Step 3: Connect Switches: Connect the switches using Ethernet cables. Click on the Ethernet
interfaces of the switches and then click on the other switch's Ethernet interfaces to create
connections.
Step 4: Access the CLI: Double-click on the first switch to access its CLI (Command Line
Interface). The CLI window will open.
Step 5: Configure VLANs: Enter the configuration mode by typing the following command:
enable
configure terminal
Step 6: Create VLANs: To create VLANs, use the vlan command followed by
the VLAN number. For example, to create VLAN 10 and VLAN 20, you woulddo:
vlan 10
vlan 20
interface FastEthernet0/1
interface FastEthernet0/2
Step 8: Exit Configuration Mode: After assigning VLANs to the desired ports,exit the
configuration mode by typing exit.
Step 10: Test VLANs: Now that you have created VLANs and assigned ports, you can test
the connectivity between devices connected to the switches. Devices in the same VLAN
should be able to communicate with each other, while devices in different VLANs should not
have direct communication unless you configure inter-VLAN routing.
Output:
Result:
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Aim:
Procedure:
Step 1: Check Hardware Support: Before installing KVM, ensure that your system's CPU
supports hardware virtualization extensions (Intel VT-x or AMD-V). You can check this by
running the following command:
If the output is greater than zero (1 or more), it means your CPU supportshardware
virtualization.
Step 2: Install KVM Packages: The package names may vary depending on your Linux
distribution. Here are the package names for some popular distributions:
For Ubuntu/Debian:
For CentOS/RHEL:
For Fedora:
The output should show kvm and kvm_intel or kvm_amd modules loaded,
depending on your CPU.
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Remember to log out and log back in for the changes to take effect.
Step 5: Enable Nested Virtualization (Optional): If you plan to run virtual machines with
nested virtualization (e.g., running KVM inside a KVM guest), you may need to enable
nested virtualization on the host. This step is only required if you intend to run virtual
machines with KVM as guests.
modprobe kvm_amd
For Ubuntu/Debian:
For CentOS/RHEL:
For Fedora:
Once the installation is complete, you can start creating and managing virtual
virsh
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machines using KVM. You can use command-line tools likegraphical interface like Virt-
Manager to interact with KVM.
Output:
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Result:
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Procedure:
For VirtualBox:
Open VirtualBox and select the host VM from the list. Go to "Settings" >"System" >
"Processor" and check the "Enable Nested VT-x/AMD-V" option.
Step 2: Install an Operating System in the Host VM: Ensure you have an operating system
installed in the host VM. This will be the environment in which you'll run the nested VMs.
Step 3: Install VirtualBox within the Host VM: Inside the host VM, download and install
VirtualBox (or any other virtualization software you prefer) as if you were installing it on a
physical machine.
Step 4: Create the Nested VM: Now that you have VirtualBox installed within the host VM,
you can create a new VM inside it.
c. Follow the VM creation wizard to set up the nested VM, including selecting the
guest operating system, allocating memory, creating a virtual hard disk, etc.
Step 4: Install the Guest Operating System in the Nested VM: With the nested VM created,
start it and install the guest operating system, just as you would with any regular VM
installation.
Step 6: Use the Nested VM: Once the nested VM is set up and the guest operating system is
installed, you can use it just like any other VM. Install applications, run tests, or perform any
tasks within the nested VM.
Output:
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Result: