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Information System

An information system combines hardware, software, and telecommunications to collect and manage data within an organization. Key components include computer hardware (input, output, and storage devices), software (system and application software), and databases (managed by DBMS). The system's objective is to provide users with relevant information, ensuring efficient data processing and communication.

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10 views21 pages

Information System

An information system combines hardware, software, and telecommunications to collect and manage data within an organization. Key components include computer hardware (input, output, and storage devices), software (system and application software), and databases (managed by DBMS). The system's objective is to provide users with relevant information, ensuring efficient data processing and communication.

Uploaded by

santhoshcs744
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPONENTS OF

INFORMATION
SYSTEM
An information system is a
software, hardware, and
telecommunications network
that collects relevant data,
typically within an
organization. Many
companies utilize
information systems to
complete and manage their
operations and engage with
their customers.
WHAT IS AN
INFORMATION
SYSTEM?
 An Information system is a
combination of hardware
and software and
Telecommunication
networks that people build
to collect, create, and
distribute useful data,
typically in an
organization. It defines the
flow of information within
the system. The objective
of an information system
is to provide appropriate
information to the user,
gather the data, process
the data, and
communicate information
to the user of the system.
 Each component of an
information system plays a
critical role in its overall
functionality. Hardware
and software provide the
technological foundation,
databases organize and
store data, networks
ensure connectivity and
communication, and
human resources bring the
system to life by
designing, maintaining,
and using it to achieve
organizational goals.
(I) COMPUTER
HARDWARE
Computer hardware
includes the physical parts
of a computer, such as a
case, central processing
unit (CPU), random access
memory (RAM), monitor,
and mouse which
processes the input
according to the set of
instructions provided to it
by the user and gives the
desired output.

HARDWARE PARTS
1.Input devices
2.Output devices
3.storage devices
4.Internal
Components
INPUT DEVICES
Input devices are those
devices with the help of
which the user interacts with
the computer. Or, In other
words, with the help of input
devices, the user enters the
data or information into the
computer. This information
or data is accepted by the
input devices and converted
into a computer-acceptable
format, which is further sent
to the computer system for
processing.

OUTPUT DEVICES
Any peripheral that
accepts data from
a computer and prints,
projects, or reproduces it is
known as an output device.
The output may be audio,
video, hard copy – printed
paper, etc. Output devices
convert the computer data to
human understandable
form. We give input to the
computer using input
devices and the computer
performs operations on the
data and displays the output
to the user using the output
device.

WHAT IS A STORAGE DEVICE?

The storage unit is a part of


the computer system which
is employed to store the
information and instructions
to be processed. A storage
device is an integral part of
the computer hardware
which stores
information/data to process
the result of any
computational work. Without
a storage device, a computer
would not be able to run or
even boot up. Or in other
words, we can say that a
storage device is hardware
that is used for storing,
porting, or extracting data
files. It can also store
information/data both
temporarily and
permanently.

TYPES OF COMPUTER MEMORY

1. Primary Memory
2. Secondary Memory
3. Tertiary Memory

1. Primary Memory: It is also


known as internal
memory and main
memory. This is a
section of the CPU that
holds program
instructions, input data,
and intermediate
results. It is generally
smaller in size. RAM
(Random Access
Memory) and ROM (Read
Only Memory) are
examples of primary
storage.

2. Secondary
Memory: Secondary
storage is a memory
that is stored external to
the computer. It is
mainly used for the
permanent and long-
term storage of
programs and data.
Hard Disks, CDs, DVDs,
Pen/Flash drives, SSD,
etc, are examples of
secondary storage.
3.Tertiary Memory: Tertiary
Memory is a type of Memory
that is rarely used in
personal computers and due
to this, tertiary memory is
not considered to be an
important one. Tertiary
memory works automatically
without human intervention.

INTENAL
COMPONENTS
 The computer case houses
internal components like
the motherboard, central
processing unit (CPU),
data storage devices,
graphic cards, and disk
drives.
 A laptop computer
integrates all these parts
into a portable, compact
device.
 Besides core components,
a computer system can
connect to external
hardware devices like
printers, microphones,
digital cameras, webcams,
speakers, and USB flash
drives.
(II) SOFTWARE
In a computer system, the
software is basically a set
of instructions or
commands that tell a
computer what to do. In
other words, the software
is a computer program
that provides a set of
instructions to execute a
user’s commands and tell
the computer what to do.
For example like MS-Word,
MS-Excel, PowerPoint, etc.

It has two types


1. System Software

2. Application Software
1.System Software
Operating System
Language Processor
Device Driver

2.Application Software
General Purpose Software
Customize Software
Utility Software

System Software
System software is software
that directly operates the
computer hardware and
provides the basic
functionality to the users as
well as to the other software
to operate smoothly.

Application Software
Software that performs
special functions or provides
functions that are much
more than the basic
operation of the computer is
known as application
software

DATA BASE
A DATABASE IS AN
ORGANIZED COLLECTION OF
DATA STORED IN A COMPUTER
SYSTEM AND USUALLY
MANAGED BY A DATABASE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(DBMS).

THE MOST COMMONLY USED


TYPES OF DATABASES ARE
RELATIONAL AND NOSQL.
THE DATA IN RELATIONAL
DATABASES IS MODELED IN
TABLES, MAKING QUERYING
AND PROCESSING EFFICIENT.
STRUCTURED QUERY
LANGUAGE (SQL) IS
COMMONLY USED FOR DATA
QUERYING AND WRITING.
THE DATA IN NOSQL
DATABASES IS MODELED AS
KEY-VALUE PAIRS.
EXAMPLES OF RELATIONAL
DBMS ARE MYSQL,
ORACLE, MICRODOFT SQL
SERVER AND POSTGRE SQL.
EXAMPLES OF NOSQL DBMS
ARE MONGODB, CASSANDRA
AND DYNAMODB

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