MIDTERM REVIEWER

Microsoft Excel Reviewer

1. Basic Excel Terms and Functions
● Workbook: The entire Excel file containing one or more worksheets.
● Worksheet: Individual sheets in a workbook, consisting of rows and columns.
● Cell: The intersection of a row and a column, where data is entered.
● Range: A group of cells selected for a specific action or formula.
● Row: Horizontal lines in a worksheet, labeled by numbers.
● Column: Vertical lines in a worksheet, labeled by letters.
● Cell Reference: Refers to a specific cell by its column letter and row number
(e.g., A1).
2. Formulas and Functions
● Formulas: Mathematical expressions starting with an equal sign (=), used to
perform calculations. Example: =A1+B1.
● Functions: Predefined formulas that simplify calculations.
o SUM(): Adds up values. Example: =SUM(A1:A5).
o AVERAGE(): Calculates the average of selected values. Example:
=AVERAGE(B1:B5).
o IF(): Performs a logical test and returns one value if true and another if
false. Example: =IF(A1>10, "Pass", "Fail").
o VLOOKUP(): Searches for a value in the first column of a range and returns
a value in the same row from another column. Example: =VLOOKUP(A2,
B1:C10, 2, FALSE).
o COUNT(): Counts the number of cells that contain numbers. Example:
=COUNT(A1:A10).
3. Formatting in Excel
● Cell Formatting: Changing the appearance of data in cells (font, color, borders).
● Number Formatting: Adjusting how numbers are displayed (currency,
percentage, decimals).
● Conditional Formatting: Automatically applies formatting based on the value of
the cell (e.g., highlight cells with values greater than 100).
4. Sorting and Filtering Data
● Sorting: Arranging data in ascending or descending order (e.g., sorting a list of
names alphabetically).
● Filtering: Displaying only data that meets certain criteria (e.g., show only sales
figures greater than $500).
5. Charts and Graphs
● Charts: Visual representations of data. Common chart types:
o Bar Chart: Displays data using rectangular bars.
o Line Chart: Shows trends over time with a continuous line.
 o Pie Chart: Represents parts of a whole with slices.
● Creating Charts: Select the data range, click on "Insert," and choose the chart
type.
6. Data Analysis Tools
● Pivot Table: A tool used to summarize large amounts of data quickly. It can sort,
count, and total data stored in a worksheet and present it in a new table.
● Goal Seek: A tool to find the input value needed to achieve a specific goal.
● Data Validation: Limits the type of data that can be entered in a cell (e.g.,
restrict entries to whole numbers only).
7. Common Excel Shortcuts
● Ctrl + C: Copy.
● Ctrl + V: Paste.
● Ctrl + Z: Undo.
● Ctrl + F: Find.
● Ctrl + Shift + L: Apply/Remove filters.
● Ctrl + P: Print.
8. Advanced Excel Techniques
● Conditional Functions: Combining IF with other functions for complex conditions.
● Absolute vs. Relative Cell References:
o Relative: Adjusts based on the position when copied (e.g., A1 becomes B1
when copied across).
o Absolute: Remains constant when copied (use $ symbol, e.g., $A$1).
● Macros: A series of instructions that automate repetitive tasks in Excel.
9. Troubleshooting Common Errors
● #VALUE!: Occurs when the formula includes cells with different data types.
● #DIV/0!: Happens when trying to divide by zero.
● #REF!: Refers to invalid cell references, usually after deleting cells used in a
formula.
● #NAME?: Indicates Excel doesn’t recognize the formula or function name.

Introduction to Microsoft Word

Microsoft Word is a word-processing software developed by Microsoft. It is widely used
for creating, editing, formatting, and sharing documents.

Basic Features
1. Ribbon – The toolbar that contains different commands and tabs such as Home,
Insert, Design, Layout, etc.
2. Quick Access Toolbar – Located at the top left, allows you to customize
frequently used commands.
3. Document Area – The white page where you type and edit your content.
 4. Status Bar – Shows information like page number, word count, and zoom slider at
the bottom of the window.

Essential Tabs and Tools

1. Home Tab:
o Font Group: Change font style, size, color, and effects like Bold, Italic, and
Underline.
o Paragraph Group: Adjust alignment (Left, Center, Right, Justify), line
spacing, bullets, and numbering.
o Styles Group: Quickly apply pre-designed text formatting styles.
2. Insert Tab:
o Tables: Create and manage tables.
o Pictures: Insert images from your computer or online.
o Shapes, Icons, and SmartArt: Insert various graphic elements.
o Header & Footer: Add information to the top or bottom of the page.
o Page Numbers: Insert page numbers in your document.
3. Design Tab:
o Themes: Apply different color schemes and font combinations to your
document.
o Page Background: Add watermarks, background colors, and borders.
4. Layout Tab:
o Margins: Adjust the space around the text on the page.
o Orientation: Set the page to Portrait or Landscape.
o Size: Change the paper size.
o Columns: Divide your text into multiple columns.
5. References Tab:
o Table of Contents: Automatically generate a table of contents based on
headings.
o Footnotes: Add footnotes and endnotes.
o Citations & Bibliography: Insert citations and manage sources.
6. Review Tab:
o Spelling & Grammar: Check and correct errors.
o Track Changes: Monitor edits and changes made to the document.
o Comments: Add notes or comments to specific parts of the document.
7. View Tab:
o Read Mode: Change to a view optimized for reading.
o Print Layout: Displays how your document will look when printed.
o Zoom: Adjust the magnification of the document.

Formatting and Editing

 ● Text Formatting: Use font options to change the appearance of your text.
Shortcut: Ctrl + B for Bold, Ctrl + I for Italic, Ctrl + U for Underline.
● Paragraph Formatting: Use alignments, indents, and line spacing to organize
content clearly.
● Find and Replace: Shortcut Ctrl + F to find specific text; Ctrl + H to replace it.

Page Setup
● Setting Margins: Go to Layout > Margins to adjust the white space around your
text.
● Inserting Page Breaks: Use Ctrl + Enter to start a new page.
● Adding Page Numbers: Go to Insert > Page Numbers to number the pages in
your document.

Saving and Sharing Documents

● Saving: Save documents in various formats like .docx (Word Document) or .pdf.
Shortcut: Ctrl + S.
● Print: Use Ctrl + P to print your document.
● Sharing: Microsoft Word allows for document sharing via email or OneDrive for
collaborative editing.

Key Shortcuts:
● Ctrl + C: Copy
● Ctrl + V: Paste
● Ctrl + X: Cut
● Ctrl + Z: Undo
● Ctrl + Y: Redo
● Ctrl + P: Print
● Ctrl + S: Save
Microsoft PowerPoint Reviewer

1. What is Microsoft PowerPoint?

● Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation software that allows users to create
slide-based presentations. It is part of the Microsoft Office Suite.
2. Main Components of PowerPoint:
● Slides: Individual pages in a presentation.
● Slide Layout: The arrangement of content on a slide (text, images, graphs, etc.).
● Slide Master: A template that controls the overall design and formatting of the
slides.
● Notes Pane: A section for adding speaker notes that only the presenter can see.
3. Basic Functions:
● Creating a Presentation: Start a new presentation from scratch or using a
template.
● Inserting Content: Add text, images, videos, charts, and more to your slides.
● Transitions: Special effects that move from one slide to the next during a
presentation.
● Animations: Effects applied to objects (text, images) within a slide to control their
entrance, emphasis, or exit.
● Design Themes: Pre-designed color schemes, fonts, and layouts to make slides
more visually appealing.
4. Steps to Create a PowerPoint Presentation:
 1. Open PowerPoint: Choose a blank presentation or template.
2. Add Slides: Click on "New Slide" to add more slides.
3. Choose a Layout: Select an appropriate slide layout for each new slide.
4. Add Content: Insert text, images, graphs, etc., by clicking on the respective
icons.
5. Apply Transitions and Animations: Choose from the transitions and animations
available under the “Transitions” and “Animations” tabs.
6. Review Presentation: Use the "Slide Show" option to preview your presentation.
7. Save and Share: Save your presentation by clicking "File" > "Save As", and share it
via email or cloud services.
5. Tips for Effective PowerPoint Presentations:
● Keep Text Minimal: Use bullet points and avoid large blocks of text.
● Visuals Are Key: Include relevant images, charts, and graphs to enhance
understanding.
● Consistent Design: Stick to a theme or color palette throughout your
presentation.
● Practice Presenting: Familiarize yourself with your slides and use speaker notes for
cues.
6. Shortcuts and Useful Tools:
● Ctrl + N: New presentation.
● Ctrl + M: Add a new slide.
● Ctrl + S: Save presentation.
● F5: Start slideshow from the beginning.
● Shift + F5: Start slideshow from the current slide.
● Ctrl + D: Duplicate the current slide.
7. Saving & Exporting Options:
● PPT or PPTX: The standard format for saving a PowerPoint presentation.
● PDF: Export your slides as a PDF for easy sharing.
● Video: Save your presentation as a video (MP4) with recorded timings and
narrations.