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The World Bank

Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)
Public Disclosure Authorized

Concept Environmental and Social Review Summary

Concept Stage
Public Disclosure Authorized

(ESRS Concept Stage)

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Date Prepared/Updated: 03/15/2022 | Report No: ESRSC02658

Public Disclosure Authorized

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 The World Bank
Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

BASIC INFORMATION

A. Basic Project Data

Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any)

Eastern Africa AFRICA EAST P178566

Project Name Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa

Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date

Agriculture and Food Investment Project 4/12/2022 6/16/2022

Financing

Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies)

Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Agriculture,

Ethiopia, Ethiopia, Ministry of
Intergovernmental Agriculture and Livestock,
Authority on Madagascar, IGAD Climate
Development (IGAD), Prediction and Application
Ministry of Economy and Center, Center for
Public Disclosure

Finance, Madagascar Coordination of Agricultural

Research and Development
for Southern Africa
(CCARDESA)

Proposed Development Objective

To improve resilience of food systems and increase preparedness against food insecurity in selected Project Areas.

Financing (in USD Million) Amount

Total Project Cost 948.30

B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF
Policy, para. 12?
No

C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and
Relationship to CPF]

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

The project is designed as a horizontal Multi-Phase Programmatic Approach (MPA). This instrument provides a flexible
menu of interventions aimed at increasing the resilience of food systems and preparedness against food insecurity in
participating countries. The Program aims to tackle both the underlying structural challenges of food insecurity and
reduce beneficiaries’ sensitivity to unpredictable climate, crisis and conflict events. The Program consists of six
components: (i) (Re-) Building a Resilient Productive Capacity, (ii) Managing Natural Resources Sustainably, (iii)
Enhancing Markets and Commercialization, (iv) Responsive Policies and Regional Coordination, (v) CERC and (vi)
Project Management.
Phase One of the MPA includes: Ethiopia, Madagascar and the Intergovernmental Development Agency (IGAD). Other
countries, both IDA and IBRD, yet to be identified, would access the MPA depending on their readiness.
Ethiopia:
The FSRP would be implemented in eight National Regional states: Oromia, Amhara, SNNPR, Tigiray, Sidama,
Bnhsngul Gumuz, Gambella, Harari and Dire Dawa and Addis Ababa City Administrations. The program would include
major components.
Component 1: “Transforming Agricultural services and Innovation Systems” promotes the adoption of improved
agricultural practices, key to ensuring resilience of food production and food security through farmer-led actions. The
component would focus on the entire ecosystem of agricultural services to enable the adoption of improved
technologies and sustainable agricultural practices on-farm and post-harvest/production. The component consists of
three sub-components: (i) “Promoting Efficiency, Outreach and Efficacy in Agricultural Services” which would
strengthen agricultural extension services, support agricultural training services, support plant protection and animal
health services, and support public agricultural regulatory services; (ii) “Commercialized Agricultural Technology
Generation and Research Systems” would provide support to research activities within both public and private
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institutions to increase productivity of crop and livestock production and (iii) support the delivery of digital
agricultural services (such as agro-meteorology or soil health).
Component 2: “Resilient Small Scale Irrigation Development and Management” would support the development of
irrigation, through small scale irrigation schemes and micro-scale irrigation technologies (MSIT). This would include
alongside irrigation infrastructure development in SSI, water harvesting structures to enhance water storage at field
and watershed level, investments in support of the farmer-led process of accessing, investing, and adopting MSIT. It
would consist of two components: (i) Small-Scale and Household Irrigation Development which would develop
irrigation infrastructure through the rehabilitation of existing SSI schemes and construction of new irrigation schemes
which includes water storage infrastructures such as small dams, ponds/tanks and other relevant community and
household water harvesting structures and (ii) Water Management and Infrastructure Governance which would
support the establishment of Irrigation Water Users’ Associations (IWUAs) and targeted capacity building to enable
them to become effective organizations, capable of managing and maintaining the irrigation systems they are
assigned to.
Component 3: “Food Market Development” would improve the competitiveness of strategic agricultural value chains
in Ethiopia. It would comprise three sub-components: (i) “Improved Market Services”, which would provide support
to strengthen market-related services including digital platforms for facilitating transactions and innovation by value
chain actors, ensuring food safety, improving traceability, trade facilitation, export promotion, and agribusiness
regulation and build including financial systems; (ii) “Enterprise Development Enterprise” which would provide
business development, skills training, and incubation support to enterprises (defined broadly as group based (such as
Common Interest Groups (CIGs) or cooperatives) or private (sole or partnership proprietorships) and
training/awareness on the need to conserve the environment and use of risk-reducing practices/actions to improve
resilience to climate change and (iii) “Strengthening value chains” which would, through an analytical approach,
identify value chain bottlenecks, coordinate amongst stakeholders, and provide strategic investments to overcome
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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

these bottlenecks. This would be through competitive, matching grant to enterprises for the construction of cooling
facilities or warehouses, for example.
Component 4: “Improving Enabling Environment for Food Systems and project management” would support the
creation of an enabling environment for food system as well as provide support to the implementation and
monitoring of the Policy. It would also support project management and ensure that the Project’s performance and
impact are carefully tracked for informed decisions for better project management and result.
Madagascar:
This project is being prepared in the context of a declining performance of agriculture systems, a major threat to
Madagascar’s food security. In 2021, Madagascar for the first time joined Haiti, Nigeria, South Sudan, Yemen, and 23
other food security “hot-spot” countries around the globe that are struggling to feed themselves. Among this list,
Madagascar stands alone as the one country in which conflict is not among key drivers of food insecurity.
Madagascar’s acute and increasing vulnerability to climate change and extreme weather events—especially cyclones,
flooding, and drought, amplified by accelerating loss of ecosystems and natural resource depletion, are undermining
the country’s agriculture and food systems and threatening the lives and livelihoods of millions
Component 1: 'Managing Natural Resources Sustainably'. The objective of the component is to promote the
sustainable management of watersheds, including irrigated and rainfed agriculture, the protection of biodiversity, and
improved productivity of natural resources. The component would adopt an integrated and participatory approach to
watershed management to make rural populations more accountable and encourage them to manage land and
natural resources in a more sustainable manner. Thus, the component would contribute to: (i)protect watersheds by
reducing erosion and sedimentation; (ii) increase the productivity and sustainability of agricultural production based
on agroecological and agroforestry technologies; and (iii) strengthen the management of natural resources to
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improve the environment and living conditions. The component would concentrate on investments with long-term
environmental impacts, and support to community groups. The project would finance the following sub-components:
(i) “Planning and capacity building for sustainable management of watersheds” would cover: (a) preparation of
Watershed Development Plans (WDP) in project areas; (b) preparation of participatory plans for managing
subwatersheds; (c) support to communication and negotiation platforms, and (d) training and capacity strengthening
of community groups; and (ii) “Sustainable investments in watersheds” which would include (a) determining, through
participatory negotiations, local strategies for controlling erosion, arresting gullies and reducing the sediment load of
river runoff and the financing of investments in strategic anti-erosion works (through, among others, biological
methods and technologies); and (b) interventions, through matching grants, on communally owned land to improve
plant cover, reforestation and pastures through strengthened technologies, establishment of community-managed
nurseries and training, and restoration and improved community-led management of natural resources. This
component would also provide capacity building to local stakeholders such as water users associations(wua), seed
producers, equipment suppliers, etc. Various WUAs that have been created in the PADAP and other projects , will be
supported with technical assistance from consulting firms to professionalize them (e.g., GIS database) and increase
their capacity to deliver on their mandates and ensure proper upkeep of infrastructure. This will also include support
for the setup of operation and maintenance of office, equipment, tools, basic staffing and communications.
Component 2: “Support to research and innovation in development”. The project will support (i) the review of the
seed law and the improvement of the institutional framework and (2) support to the National Center for Applied
Research in Development (FOFIFA) to ensure the supply of improved seeds that meet the needs of farmers and
strengthen food systems resilience. The project will finance the rehabilitation of its operational infrastructure,
equipment, staff training, the development of a strategic plan and operational plan for the upcoming 5 years, as well
as MOUs or twinning arrangements with research institutions such as AfricaRice, CGIAR institutes, universities, forum
participation in regional events and knowledge exchange events as well as occasional training. Finally the component
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will establish and manage a scholarship Fund with aim to support students to pursue overseas academic training and
professional development opportunities (e.g. Master, PhD). The beneficiaries of this Fund will serve back to reinforce
the technical human resource capacity of FOFIFA.
Component 3: “Responsive Policies”. The objective of the component is to support enhanced fiscal responsibility by
repurposing public agriculture spending programs for longer-term productivity growth and climate- and market-shock
resilience. This component would consist of two sub-components: (i) “Support for Agriculture Public Expenditure
Review” to analyze data on public spending from both government and donor sources to assess the alignment
between expenditure patterns within the agricultural sector and stated policy priorities the effectiveness of public
spending. and (ii) “Catalyzing CSA and supporting biodiversity for stronger agriculture and food systems resilience”.
Madagascar’s agriculture sector is highly vulnerable to climate change while per capita paddy rice production, the
country’s principal staple food, has been declining for more than a decade amid substantial population growth.
Substantial investments in adaptation would be required to achieve meaningful and sustainable gains in food
production and quality that would meet the demands of a growing population. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an
integrated approach to managing landscapes—cropland, livestock, forests and fisheries—that address the interlinked
challenges of food security and climate change. Efforts to further mainstream CSA into national agriculture
development plans and ensure and inclusive and green COVID-19 recovery would be aided by the development of a
Climate smart agriculture country profile (CSA-CP), a Climate Smart Agriculture Investment Plan (CSAIP), and the
development of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification systems developed for tracking CSA-related nationally
determined contributions (NDC) outcomes.
Component 4: “Access to market”. This component aims to stimulate the upgrading of value chain actors. FDA (Fonds
de Développement Agricole in French) is the only government agency that offers agricultural financial support. A
Public Disclosure

matching grant mechanism is well established and operational in nearly every region of the country. Voucher
programs and support link to micro-finance has been explored but is not yet established. This component will support
groups such as seed producers, marketing associations, and equipment suppliers with technical assistance to help
them prepare bankable proposals for funding to microfinance institutions and FDA. It will also support FDA’s
institutional capacity to stimulate access to grants and credits. It will increase the amount of resources available and
increase FDA capacity to respond to the existing demand which ag present far exceed their capacity to respond. It
will also help develop and pilot new programs to stimulate micro lending institutions to increase access to credit
among agricultural actors.

D. Environmental and Social Overview

D.1. Detailed project location(s) and salient physical characteristics relevant to the E&S assessment [geographic,
environmental, social]
The MPA aims to implement national and regional approaches to increase food systems resilience. The first phase of
the MPA is expected to include Ethiopia and Madagascar as well as the IGAD and CCARDESA as Regional Entities.
Other countries and regional entities will join in subsequent phases.

In Ethiopia, the Project will be implemented in 8 Regional states covering various agro-ecological zones which are
characterized by different biophysical and socioeconomic environments. The Project will be implemented in
agricultural lands but priority forest areas, plantation forests, bushes and shrubs in regional states which will be
beneficiaries. Lowland regions experience high temperature and low precipitation, whereas highlands experience

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

amiable temperature and ample rainfall. Mean annual temperature in the regions varies from less than 100c in high
altitudes to over 300c in tropical lowlands. The amount, duration and intensity of rainfall in the regions varies
considerably. The regional states have different surface water resources, large areas of the regions are drained by
major rivers, streams and lake basins. The historical and contextual ethnic tensions and inter-tribal conflicts prevalent
in the lowland areas and the recent security situation in the country have become a challenge that may affect
operations mainly in Tigray region and some woredas of Oromiya, Amhara, Gambella and Somali regional states. The
violent conflict in Tigray Regional State since November 2020 has led to destruction of infrastructure, displacement of
people, adverse impacts on livelihood systems, dysfunctional institutions, and decreased social cohesion.

In Madagascar, regions considered in the Project constitute areas with high agricultural potential including the Alaotra
Mangoro and Atsinanana regions. The wet zone Alaotra consists of the largest lake of Madagascar with about 20,000
ha of open water and up to 23,000 ha of marshes. Various anthropological pressures such as burning of vegetation,
over fishing, pollution of the lake through the use of weedkillers, and sedimentation of the watersheds due to heavy
erosion of the surrounding hills, negatively impact on this ecosystem. The middle-west of Madagascar (Sofia Region)
has a less rugged relief than that of the center, and allows more extensive cultivation, also because of the low
demography. The Lake Sofia catchment, one of twenty Ramsar Sites in north-western Madagascar, is home to a
wealth of threatened biodiversity and supports the livelihoods of local people, who rely heavily on the natural
resources and ecosystem services provided by the lake. The Melaky region has significant agronomic potential with a
vast expanse of agricultural land. The presence of fertilized soil types gives rise to the existence of a diversity of crops,
both food and industrial, on immense alluvial plains and floodplains. Rice is the main crop in this Region. Food crops
are the most widely practiced (91% of the total cultivated area).
Public Disclosure

IGAD’s member states (MS) are Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda and aims
to promote regional cooperation and integration efforts. CCARDESA was founded by SADC member states to
harmonise the implementation of agricultural research and development (R&D) in the SADC region.
D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity
ETHIOPIA: The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) and the regional agriculture offices will be the implementing agencies of
the Project. MOA has experience in implementation of Bank financed projects including Sustainable Land
Management (P133133), Agricultural Growth (P148591), Resilient Land and Livelihoods Management (P163383,
P172462) and Development Response to Displacement Impacts (P152822). The Ministry is familiar with the E&S
requirements of the Bank and has gained experience in the preparation, implementation and monitoring of E&S risk
management tools as evidenced on the Agricultural Growth Project II (AGPII). Furthermore, training on E&S risk
management has been given to experts during the implementation of AGPII. However, the Ministry staff has limited
experience in preparing and implementing projects based on the Bank’s ESF. It is expected that the MoA will use the
E&S risk management arrangement established for AGP II and will recruit additional E&S specialists to support at the
Federal, Regional, Woreda and Kebele level. Research centers will assign qualified E&S focal persons. The
establishment of a functioning E&S risk management implementation arrangements will be included in the ESCP.
Quarterly and annual environmental monitoring reports will be prepared and shared with the Bank. There will be
independent annual environmental and social audits. The Regional/Woreda Environment Protection Authority (EPA)
will review and endorse site specific E&S risk management instruments and will also monitor compliance with the
regulatory requirements. A detailed capacity assessment and capacity building action plan will be prepared during
implementation (the timeline for which will be specified in the ESCP) and will be captured in the ESCP. In sum, MoA
has an existing E&S risk management structure from federal to operational level; has a good track record in
management EHS risks and hence has the basic capacity to manage the E&S risks of the proposed project. However,
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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

further assessment will be undertaken during preparation and remedial measures will be included in the ESCP as
needed.

MADAGASCAR: The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAL) has satisfactory experience in implementing the
ongoing bank financed projects under the Bank safeguard policies such as the Madagascar Agriculture Rural Growth
and Land Management Project (P151469) and Sustainable Landscape Management Project (P154698). The MAL also
has experience with the ESF through the preparation of the Adapting Rice Systems for Enhanced Food and Nutrition
Security (P175269) and the Support for Resilient Livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056). Nevertheless, its
capacity in monitoring E&S measures in compliance with the ESF remains uncertain and will be considered in
preparation. A capacity assessment and proposed capacity building actions will be undertaken and will be committed
to in the ESCP.

IGAD has previous experience, in providing regional coordination on Bank projects under the safeguards such as
Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project (P152822) and has experience in preparing projects under
the ESF. While CCARDESA has also participated in previous Bank Projects but has limited experience of the ESF. The
activities to be financed by the Regional Entities are technical assistance activities which are not anticipated to have
environmental and social footprints. Any capacity gaps to implement the technical assistance activities will be further
identified during preparation stage and remedial measures will be included in the ESCP.

II. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS
Public Disclosure

A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) High

Environmental Risk Rating Substantial

The Program will have a positive environmental outcome as activities under Component 2 involve management of
water sources for resilient and sustainable water supply for productive food system and water and soil moisture
conservation investments. In Ethiopia, Component 1 could lead to increased demand for agrochemicals and will
require management of wastes that may be generated from animal healthcare services. The Program will also
finance rehabilitation and construction small-scale irrigation schemes and rural water supply and sanitation
infrastructure (Component 2); and construction and rehabilitation of market infrastructure (Component 3)
investments for value addition, food safety and reduced food loss and waste can result in EHS impacts including: i)
inappropriate use and disposal of agrochemicals including pesticides and agricultural research lab chemicals; ii) H&S
risks during construction and agricultural research lab activities; iii) over-use of water and agrochemical
contamination affecting quantity and quality; iv) physical and chemical degradation of soils from unsuitable land
management techniques; v) agricultural activities can impact biodiversity and ecosystems due to water use,
pollution and introduction of invasive species; and vi) though site specific and small in scale, construction of
infrastructure such as storage facilities and small scale irrigation schemes can contribute to environmental pollution
e.g. air, waste, noise and water pollution. Agricultural activities produce GHG emissions e.g. methane, nitrous oxide
and carbon dioxide however, the activities are community driven development hence no significant emission is
expected. The small irrigation schemes, especially small dams, will be designed and implemented in compliance with
ESS4.This Program will be implemented in existing agricultural lands and will not lead to conversion of natural
habitats. The PIU in Ethiopia has the capacity and the experience to manage the EHS risks. The technical assistance

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(TA) activities include strengthening the national and regional public policies and systems’ response capacity to
various shocks and stressors, thus enabling them to contribute to greater food system resilience. Activities involving
Regional Entities through TA, capacity building, and institutional strengthening will enhance ability of selected
entities and communities to develop food systems resilience, as such there are low environment risks. However, the
TA shall be implemented in compliance with Bank guidance. TA under Component 4 will consider E&S issues while
conducting studies in the manner consistent with the ESF. Activities in Madagascar have several risks associated with
activities under the sustainable investments in watersheds. Concept stage review has not identified any activities
that could generate irreversible environmental impacts. Investments in strategic anti-erosion works (through,
among others, biological methods and technologies); and interventions, through matching grants, on communally
owned land to improve plant cover, reforestation and pastures through strengthened technologies, establishment of
community-managed nurseries and training, and restoration and improved community-led management of natural
resources will have positive effects on erosion reduction and any negative impacts will be low and site-specific.
Construction and rehabilitation feeder roads and irrigation infrastructure could generate air, noise and water
pollution, waste construction, can affect EHS risks and impacts including: i) inappropriate use and disposal of
agrochemicals including pesticides and agricultural research lab chemicals; ii)H&S risks and impacts during
construction and agricultural research; iii) over-use of water and agrochemical contamination affecting quantity and
quality; iv) physical and chemical degradation of soils from unsuitable land management techniques and v)
agricultural activities can impact on biodiversity and ecosystems.
Social Risk Rating High
The intended beneficiaries are expected to benefit from the Program through the creation of job opportunities (for
youth and women) as a result of enhanced resilience of farmers, increased agricultural yields, increased access to
Public Disclosure

diverse food and nutrition, improved livelihoods, improved access to finance and an improved skill base. The social
risk is considered High due to the scope of the proposed operations including the technical assistance activities and
proposed civil works which may include resettlement, land take or restrictions on land use as well as the potential
for activities to be implemented in locations where ESS7 communities are present, as well as contextual risks in the
participating countries. In Ethiopia the Program will result in land acquisition and involuntary resettlement. Social
risks related to land acquisition include, among others, loss of land or other assets, social and gender exclusion,
inadequate consultations and engagement, lack of compensation at replacement cost, lack of access to grievance
mechanisms, etc. Investments will also be implemented in areas where Sub-Saharan African Historically
Underserved Traditional Local Communities (SSAHUTLC) are present seasonally use or occupy lands and natural
resources. Thus, the Program activities may also create or exacerbate the existing tension and conflicts, social
discrimination or exclusion and vulnerability of these SSAHUTLC as well as other disadvantaged and vulnerable
groups in the project areas. Other potential social risks could be related to: (i) insufficient community and other
stakeholder engagement; (ii) social tensions/conflicts induced by competition over agricultural resources including
access to irrigation water resources and due to the ongoing contextual security risks in conflict-affected areas; (iii)
labor influx and associated risks including risks on community health and safety, sexual exploitation and abuse and
sexual harassment (SEA/SH) and other forms of gender-based violence (GBV); (iv) operational concerns due to
remoteness and insecurity, including monitoring and supervising social risks including grievance management; and
(v) weak implementation capacity especially at grassroots level with limited functional structure and trained
manpower: (vi) potential risks associated with the use of child labor as child work is known to be present in the
agricultural sector. In Madagascar, risks and impacts include the potential for elite capture and/or the exclusion of
vulnerable groups and individuals from Program benefits due to poorly designed and/or disseminated or not-
transparent beneficiary selection process or eligibility. Other social risks include the failure to comply with labor

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

standards, especially when it comes to the subprojects financed by the matching grant, in particular forced and child
labor. The propagation of COVID-19 during the implementation of Program activities has also been identified as a
transversal risk. Additionally, for Madagascar interventions, funded through matching grants, the project may induce
land acquisition, if there will be no possibility of community land donation. Technical assistance activities in
participating countries are mainly to build resilience through technical assistance, capacity building activities, and
institutional strengthening activities that will help enhance ability of selected entities and communities to prepare
for, respond and develop food systems resilience, as such there are limited social risks associated with these
activities themselves, but depending on the nature of the technical assistance. The Regional Entities are expected to
implement activities under component 4 focusing on regional dialogue and coordination on activities related to food
systems resilience notably around cross-sectoral policies and institutional coordination. Given that this work focuses
on capacity building the direct social risks are expected to be low.

B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered

B.1. General Assessment

ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts
Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project:
Overall, the program will bring about positive benefits such as increasing rural employment opportunities and
improving rural livelihoods through improved agricultural productivity. Its positive environmental outcomes include
resilient and sustainable water supply for productive food system and water and soil moisture conservation
Public Disclosure

investments. The Program recognizes that building resilience is a long-term process that requires linkages across
levels (regional, national, sub-national and local). The TA activities include strengthening the national and regional
public policies and systems’ response capacity to various shocks and stressors, thus enabling them to contribute to
greater food system resilience. As such, the role of Regional Entities will be to increase capacity and cooperation.
Risks associated with the TA by participating regional entities and countries will be assessed during preparation but
may relate to inclusion in engagement, access to information, consideration of vulnerable groups; contextual issues
(e.g. drought, climate change or overexploitation of natural resources) and cumulative impacts. The program will
ensure that consultancies, studies, capacity building, training and any other TA activities are carried out in accordance
with the relevant requirements of the ESF. Any outputs from the TA activities, including, any environmental and
social (E&S) assessments, shall also be consistent with the ESF. These requirements will be captured in the
Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) which will be developed.

In Ethiopia, there are a variety of EHS risks and impacts that could result from the proposed activities. These include
H&S risks and impacts during construction or rehabilitation of small scale irrigation schemes, storage, cold chain,
processing, marketing facilities and agricultural research lab activities; operational phase including risks that may
result from inappropriate use, handling and disposal of agrochemicals including pesticides as well as agricultural
research laboratory chemicals; overuse of water and water contamination by agrochemicals; degradation of soils;
direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems; local environmental pollution e.g. air, waste, noise, and
water pollution as a result of the construction activities; and GHG emissions though not anticipated to be significant.
The small irrigation schemes, especially small dams, will be designed and implemented in compliance the
requirements of ESS4. This Project will be implemented in the existing agricultural lands and will not lead to

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conversion of natural habitats. The PIU in Ethiopia has the capacity and the experience to manage the EHS risks
though there are security concerns in some parts of the country.

To identify and manage potential EHS risks, the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) will prepare an Environmental and
Social Management Framework (ESMF) and an Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) to mitigate potential risks
and impacts associated with the application of pesticides during preparation. An ESCP will be prepared prior to
appraisal to outline measures to be implemented including implementation arrangements and monitor and report on
the implementation of E&S risk management tools and plans in line with the ESF. The MoA will assess the potential
cumulative impacts of water use upon communities, other users and the environment. The MoA will adopt
technically and financially feasible measures to avoid or minimize water usage so that the Project’s water use does
not have significant adverse impacts on communities following the Bank’s Good Practice/Guidance Note.

The Ethiopian highlands are home to nearly 84% of the population are characterized by high rates of poverty. The
largest group of poor people in Ethiopia is composed of small-scale farmers who face acute poverty due to
multidimensional challenges including low productivity, vulnerability to drought and other adverse natural
conditions. Other vulnerable groups include women and men who depend on herding and forests for their livelihood
including the historically underserved communities, female headed households, unemployed youths, children, and
persons living with disabilities. Such vulnerable groups are at risks of being excluded from stakeholder engagement
and potentially from Project benefits due to, lack of information, land allocation decisions and condition or
availability of collateral to access finance. The Project will also have potential risks and impacts related to land
acquisition or restriction of access to land, water and other resources for rural infrastructure development and other
Public Disclosure

construction of civil works. To address these risks the MOA will prepare a social assessment including a social
development plan to address impacts on the ESS7 communities based on the requirements of the ESS7 and the
Bank’s Directive on addressing risks and impacts to disadvantaged and vulnerable individuals and groups. A
resettlement framework as per the requirements of national law and ESS5, will be prepared prior to appraisal to
clarify resettlement approaches and guide the development of Resettlement Plans (RPs) for sub-projects. Other social
risks will be related to labor and working conditions; and labor influx is likely to be moderate as most workers are
expected to be contracted locally. Issues related to labor conditions will be captured in the Labor Management
Procedures (LMP). The preliminary GBV risk is considered to be substantial, based on the SEA/SH screening tool and
additional desk reviews on the prevalence of GBV in the agricultural sector and will be assessed further during
preparation.

Furthermore, site-specific risks management instruments and plans (including ESMPs, ESIAs, RPs depending on the
nature and scope of the subprojects) will be prepared during Project implementation, following the requirements of
the ESF. A subproject screening tool will be included in the ESMF of the Project. Associated facilities, if any, will be
clearly identified in the course of preparation of the Project and the ESMF will also cover the potential risks and
mitigation measures of the associated facilities.

In Madagascar, the E&S risks include generic risks associated with minor civil works (i.e. risks associated with poor
labor conditions, OHS, waste generation, hazardous material management, noise and vibration, wastewater
discharges and air quality as well as community H&S). Given that the civil works are expected to be minor and rely
exclusively on national contractors, the Project is not expected to lead to induce significant labor influx. Other
risks/impacts include those associated with the operational phase of these improvements/new

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construction/rehabilitation as well as with the subprojects of the matching grant program: beneficiary selection, child
and forced labor, poor labor conditions, occupational health and safety, water and energy consumption, hygiene and
food requirements, land and water management, the use of pesticides, manure and veterinary waste management.
COVID-19 has also been identified as a transversal risk, and in addition for Madagascar a potential for limited land
acquisition, and economic displacement.

In order to manage these risks, the implementing ministry in Madagascar will prepare prior to appraisal an ESCP and
a Stakeholder Engagement Plan. Prior to disbursement the Project will prepare and disclose a LMP; Resettlement
Framework; and an ESMF which will outline: i) the selection process and beneficiary eligibility criteria; ii) screening
process for subprojects under the matching grant program to determine if they fall into the exclusion list for E&S; iii)
requirements and process to develop ESMPs or ESIAs for the proposed civil works, once these are identified; iv) a
checklist to monitor implementation of mitigation measures (i.e. review of bidding and contractual documents, field
supervision mission); and v) IPMP.
Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered:
The use of borrower frameworks is not being considered for this Program.

ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure

Stakeholder engagement and information disclosure shall be at the heart of the Program and are envisaged as a
continuous, ongoing process throughout its lifecycle. This approach will ensure participation, inclusiveness and
transparency. Details of the stakeholder engagement activities will be outlined in the Stakeholder Engagement Plans
Public Disclosure

(SEP) to be prepared by the participating countries and Regional Entities and disclosed prior to appraisal.

The main stakeholders of the program, depending on components being implemented, may include: (i) project
affected parties (PAPs) - those individuals or groups who are directly affected or likely to be affected by the Program.
PAPs include positively affected beneficiaries, mainly smallholder and commercial farmers; formal registered farmer
cooperatives and associations; informal farmer organizations or producer interest groups including groups of women
and youth who will be involved in agro-processing, marketing and service provision activities. (ii) other interested
parties (OIPs) - those individuals or groups who may have an interest in the Program. The OIPs are likely to include
regional entities, national and local government ministries and associated line departments, businesses providing
agricultural services or inputs; private sector agricultural and related service providers; agro-processers and input
dealers; and public agricultural service providers, civil society who have an interest in food security in the regions;
etc. (iii) disadvantaged and vulnerable groups - those individuals or groups highly vulnerable to potential Program
impacts and often do not have a voice to express their concerns or understand the impact and risk of the Program.
The vulnerable groups may include landless and marginal farmers, female headed households, persons living with
disabilities, households designated below the poverty line, unemployed rural youth and ESS7 communities.

The SEPs will present the engagement methods to be undertaken with relevant stakeholders ensuring that the
techniques are culturally appropriate and relevant local languages are used to ensure meaningful engagement.
Engagement activities are likely to include community meetings, focus group discussions as well as one to one
meetings as needed. The needs of vulnerable groups will be taken into account in designing the engagement
processes including factors such as timing, location, accessibility and use of written materials. The SEPs will also
clearly outline and define approaches to disseminate beneficiary eligibility criteria and the selection process.

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The SEPs will include a description of a Grievance Mechanism (GM) which will include confidential mechanisms for
receiving complaints of sexual exploitation and abuse and sexual harassment, as well as other forms of GBV and
establish a protocol to enable survivor-centered responses. The GM will address complaints and suggestions coming
from both beneficiaries and other interested parties.

The SEPs will serve as planning tool that guides the Project implementing agencies stakeholder engagements,
incorporate stakeholder’s views and concerns during Project design and implementation and set feedback through
monitoring. All E&S documents/reports will be made accessible to stakeholders and will be publicly disclosed prior to
the Project proposal. The SEPs will be prepared in accordance with the requirements of ESS10 and taking into
account the COVID-19 related restrictions during community and stakeholders’ consultations.

B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts

A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project.
ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions
ESS2 is relevant due to potential risks to labor and working conditions for applicable workers including direct and
contracted workers as well as the voluntary use of community labor (associated with civil works in Ethiopia especially
those associated with the activities to be financed under Component 3.2 such as feeder roads, storage facilities, and
other small infrastructure).
Public Disclosure

For Ethiopia, Labor Management Procedures (LMP) will be prepared to identify the main labor requirements and
labor risks associated with the Project based on the requirements of ESS2 and national labor laws and will be
disclosed prior to appraisal. The LMP will summarize procedures to address labor issues including, but not limited to:
(i) child labor and forced labor; (ii) Contracts of employment and terms and conditions of employment, (iii) protection
of wages including fair treatment, non-discrimination and equal opportunity of project workers, (iv) occupation,
health and safety issues which will be applicable to all project workers, (v) labor influx and associated risks including
GBV; (vi) security provisions for workers involved in the distribution of innovative technologies and different
agricultural inputs; and (vii) grievance mechanism for workers with accessible means to raise workplace concerns.
OHS measures will be designed and implemented to address: (a) identification of potential hazards to project
workers; (b) provision of preventive and protective measures, including elimination of hazardous conditions or
substances; (c) training of project workers and maintenance of training records; (d) documentation and reporting of
occupational accidents, diseases and incidents; (e) emergency prevention and preparedness and response
arrangements to emergency situations; and (f) remedies for adverse impacts such as occupational injuries, disability
and disease. Contractors will be required to prepare and implement Occupational Health & Safety Plans (OHSP)
following the World Bank Group Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines, adopt a code of conduct for all
workers and establish a worker-specific GRM (accessible for direct and contracted workers) before commencement
of the civil works. Bidding documents for the small infrastructure activities shall include budget provisions for
management of labor issues including all OHS provisions.

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In Madagascar there are risks associated under ESS2 at two levels: (i) the risks associated with direct workers
(implementing agencies), contracted workers (i.e. contractors, consultants recruited to provide technical assistance
and training) and primary supplier workers (seeds, digital technology, civil works suppliers, etc.); (ii) the risks
associated with workers recruited by the beneficiaries for the implementation of the subprojects under the matching
grant program, which may include community labor depending on the final design. ESS2 risks include poor working
conditions, occupational health and safety issues induced by civil works, the risk of COVID-19 propagation, as well as
the exploitation of agricultural labor, including vulnerable migrants, and child labor. Labor Management Procedures
will be included in the ESMF.

Given the nature of the activities by Regional Entities it is expected that Program workers will mainly be direct
workers and potentially contracted workers to provide technical inputs. Community workers and supply chain
workers are not expected to form part of the workforce. While there is still the potential for OHS concerns and Sexual
Exploitation and Abuse/Sexual Harassment these risks are expected to be low. These will further be assessed during
preparation and the ESCP will detail the measures needed to manage labor risks and impacts in line with national law
and the requirements of ESS2. Such measures could include ensuring that all workers have contracts outlining the
terms and conditions of their employment including hours of work, wages, overtime, rest periods, compensation and
benefits; workers are subject to non-discrimination and equal opportunities, forced and child labor is prohibited, OHS
measures, ensuring that workers have access to a Grievance Redress Mechanism and measures to prevent and
respond to SEA/SH are in place including development of codes of conduct and SEA/SH responsive GRMs.
Public Disclosure

ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management

ESS3 is relevant as activities to be financed under Component 1 and 2 (Ethiopia) can lead to the increase in
application of pesticides and other agrochemicals that can account for environmental pollution due to pesticide
containers, waste pesticides, and packaging. Though activities under Components 2 and 3 (on Ethiopia side) are site
specific and small in scale, construction of the community infrastructure such as small-scale irrigation schemes,
storage, cold chain, processing, and marketing facilities schemes can contribute to environmental pollution such as
air pollution, construction waste pollution, noise pollution and water pollution.

Chemical degradation of soils may result from unsuitable land management techniques. Chemical degradation of soil
may result from insufficient or inappropriate use of mineral fertilizers, failure to recycle nutrients contained in crop
residues, and failure to correct changes in soil pH that result from long-term use of nitrogen fertilizers and excessive
use of poor-quality water, resulting in salinization. The Program is not expected to result in significant emission of
greenhouse gases due to the CDD nature of the Program activities. There are also potential risks associated with
overuse of limited water resources for irrigation activities and waterlogging.

The MoA or each project implementing entity will prepare an Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) which will be
implemented to mitigate potential risks associated with the transport, storage, handling and disposals of
agrochemicals including packaging materials. Pests should be managed through a process of IPM which combines
chemical and non-chemical approaches to minimize the impacts of pests and to minimize the impact of pesticides on
the environment. Pesticides should be used only to the extent necessary under an IPMP. Where pesticide use is

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warranted, they should be stored, handled, and applied in a manner consistent with the recommendations for
hazardous materials management in order to prevent, reduce, or control the potential contamination of soils,
wildlife, groundwater, or surface water resources caused by accidental spills during the transfer, mixing, storage, and
application of pesticides. Due to the CDD nature of the Program, no significant GHG emission is anticipated from the
activities to be financed by the Program. The ESMFs will address resource efficiency, pollution prevention and other
environmental risk management responsibilities which be implemented by the agricultural research laboratories,
contractors and sub-contractors.

The ESMFs and ESCP will include requirements for training on safe use and handling of all agrochemicals, including
pesticides, chemical fertilizers, or soil amendments and lab chemicals. Water resources to be used for irrigation
should be managed in accordance with the principles of Integrated Resource Water Management.

The MoA or each project implementing entity will adopt technically and financially feasible measures to avoid or
minimize water usage so that the Program’s water use does not have significant adverse impacts on communities,
other users, and the environment using the Bank’s Guidance/Good Practice Note. These measures will among others
include the use of additional technically feasible water conservation measures within the Program operations, the
use of alternative water supplies, water consumption offsets to maintain total demand for water resources within the
available supply and evaluation of alternative locations. If there will be high water demand that can have potentially
significant adverse impacts on communities, other users or the environment, the MoA will:
• develop, maintain, monitor, and periodically report on a detailed water balance.
• identify and implement opportunities for improvement in water use efficiency
Public Disclosure

• assess specific water use (measured by volume of water used per unit production); and operations must be
benchmarked to available industry standards of water use efficiency.
Resource efficiency measures shall also be considered in other project activities such construction of small dams,
feeder roads and storage infrastructure. No major GHG emission is anticipated from the CDD activities to be financed
by this project.

The MoA will also assess (as part of ESMF and subsequent subproject screening) the potential cumulative impacts of
water use upon communities, other users and the environment one year or six months after effectiveness and will
identify and implement appropriate mitigation measures.

In Madagascar, the project may present risks/impacts linked to waste, dust emission, noise and vibrations during civil
works. the development of irrigation activities, rationalization measures need to be determined for the use of water
resources.

Waste coming from phytosanitary products is also expected. The project will include agricultural activities that would
lead to the non-negligible use of chemical products, namely pesticides and fertilizers. Other impacts are related to
resources use efficiency and greenhouse gas emission and possible use of veterinary products. The ESMF will include
screening for Pest management issues and potential pesticide and fertilizer use. Where necessary, Pest Management
Plans will be developed, consulted, and disclosed.

Activities by regional entities are not anticipated to lead to an increased consumption of resources and will not lead
to generation of pollutants.

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

ESS4 Community Health and Safety

Within Ethiopia, as the Project will involve support to the development of rural infrastructure which may traverse
through or in the vicinity of community areas and public places, ESS4 is relevant. Risks related to community health
and safety include community exposure to health issues such as water-borne and vector-borne diseases from
irrigation activities (Component 2); communicable diseases like COVID-19, HIV/AIDS and other STDs; and exposure to
increased traffic fleets transporting construction materials and equipment for the sub-projects in rural sites
(Component 2 and 3). Furthermore, small-scale irrigation dams (Component 2) should be designed and implemented
following the requirements of ESS4 and other international good practices so that potential risks to the community
health and safety could be avoided. The small irrigation schemes to be financed by the Program will meet the Bank’s
requirements for small dams. Other potential community health and safety risks, including local conflict, and security
risks will be assessed, and proposed mitigation measures included in the ESMF in line with World Bank Group
Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHSG) (Component 1-3). A Security Management Plan will be prepared
in compliance with the requirements of the ESS4.

In Madagascar, community health and safety issues are associated to risks/impacts of minor civil works, such as dust,
noise and vibrations and solid waste. There are also potential risks associated with the operation of the agricultural
production or processing activities, such as pollution, waste generation, and risks associated with the use of pesticide
and fertilizers. Finally, the propagation of COVID-19 as a result of project activities has been identified as a transversal
Public Disclosure

risk. The E&S procedures in the ESMF has identified all these risks/impacts and mitigate them through mitigation
measures that will be included in the Project Operational Manual (POM), and ESMPs/ESIAs as needed. Specific
mitigation measures related to COVID-19 have been included in the ESMF as hand washing stations, the wearing of
masks, social distancing and awareness sensitization, etc. Prevention measures associated with SEA/SH will also be
included in the ESMF. With interventions on natural resource management, ecosystem services could be affected
through water use, restriction of access to natural resources etc., and will be considered in the ESMF.

For Regional Entities impacts on community health and safety are likely to be limited given that these entities will
mainly be implementing technical assistance activities which are unlikely to involve interactions with community. This
will be confirmed during preparation.

The SEA/SH risks are associated with the limited access to quality and safe services for survivors of GBV, conflict
induced by competition over agricultural resources for example productive land, agricultural inputs and water
resources for irrigation; inadequate community participation; and elite capture. Moreover, the Program components
that support civil works may lead to an influx of labor (skilled, semi-skilled) into the Program areas that may in turn
induce or increase risks related to SEA/SH and other forms of Gender Based Violence (GBV) in the rural community.
Within Ethiopia, parts of the Project are being implemented in areas of the country with active humanitarian and
emergency situation which has resulted in a higher-risk environment for women and girls in general, which also has
led to heightened GBV, and specifically Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA). As such, a standalone SEA/SH Action
Plan will be prepared for Ethiopia during implementation. For Madagascar it is expected that SEA/SH actions will be
captured in the ESMFs that will be prepared. However, this approach will be confirmed during preparation and if
needed requirements for standalone plans will be included in the Country Specific ESCPs.

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ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement

ESS5 is relevant for the Program support rural infrastructure as well as market and enterprise development activities
in Ethiopia including construction of agro-processing centers, animal health posts and clinics, livestock quarantine
stations, livestock genetic-improvement centers, and pre-extension on-farm demonstration activities; construction of
small-scale and household irrigations, rural bridges, market infrastructure, and rural feeder roads which may result in
involuntary resettlement, restriction of access to resources and loss of livelihoods due to physical and/or economic
displacement. The Program does not include land administration, certification and regularization of agricultural land.
Furthermore, the Program will avoid establishing agricultural activities on lands which are used seasonally by
pastoralists and vulnerable groups.

As infrastructure sites are yet to be determined, a Resettlement Framework (RF) will be prepared prior to appraisal in
line with the requirements of ESS5 and applicable national legislation. The RF will provide resettlement principles and
procedures including for setting eligibility criteria for resettlement entitlements, organizational arrangements, and
the establishment of a Grievance Mechanism (GM) to be used during the preparation of site-specific instruments to
address potential land acquisition issues. In addition, the RF will establish procedures to address any impact due to
restrictions/loss of access to natural resources by the Project activities in line with the requirements of ESS5. Rural
infrastructure development sub-projects will be screened for resettlement impacts, and proportionate Resettlement
Plans (RPs) will be prepared and implemented where applicable before the commencement of any subproject
Public Disclosure

activities that involve private land acquisition. In addition, for the livelihood losses due to land acquisition, the
subproject will develop and implement livelihood restoration plans (LRPs) to address any economic losses due to land
use change/displacement of land users/workers because of sub-project activities as part of the RPs.

In the case of small-scale land acquisition through voluntary land donation (VLD), as the experience in the ongoing
agricultural projects in Ethiopia like AGP2, RLLP2, and LFSDP, the client will strictly adopt and implement voluntary
land donation procedures to ensuring adherence to the principles and VLD protocol outlined in in the RF.

In Madagascar, subprojects under the matching grant program may induce land acquisition if there will be no
possibility of community land donation. In the case of small-scale land acquisition through voluntary land donation
(VLD), the client will strictly adopt and implement voluntary land donation procedures to ensuring adherence to the
principles and VLD protocol outlined in ESS5 satisfactory to the Bank. However, the full extent of land acquisition, and
disruption of livelihoods will be known after a socio-economic impact assessment of subprojects has been conducted
as part of the related ESIA which will be developed under implementation in addition to the ESMPs. A preliminary
assessment of such risks will be provided in the draft ESMF. To avoid, minimize and to manage any land acquisition
issues, and in compliance with ESS5 (and EES10 for consultation and mobilization) the project will develop a draft
Resettlement Framework (RF) prior to appraisal. Subsequent Resettlement Plans (RP) or Livelihood Restoration plan
(LRPs) will be required during the implementation for all subprojects that will induce such impacts.

For Regional Entities land acquisition, restrictions on land use and involuntary resettlement are not expected to
occur. This will be confirmed during preparation. However, the ToR and outputs for any consultancies, studies,

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

capacity building, training and any other technical assistance activities under the Program will be prepared in line
with ESS5.

ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources

On Ethiopia side, the project activities will not be implemented in locations which have high biodiversity conservation
value or in ecologically sensitive habitats. All investments related to improvement of the food systems will take place
in the existing agricultural lands and hence it will not lead to conversion of natural habitats to agricultural lands.
Activities to be financed under Component 2 will have a positive natural resource management outcome. However,
though this project is not anticipated to invest in conversion of natural or critical habitats, agricultural activities can
have impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems because of pollution and introduction of invasive species. The ESMFs
and the ESCP exclusion criteria will therefore include any activities that involve may alien species or any significant
risks to biodiversity, animal welfare, land conversion or legally protected natural resources. Inappropriate use of
pesticides can result in contamination of soil and water resources that in turn could cause loss of biodiversity
including destroying beneficial insect populations which act as natural enemies of pests. The IPMP will help to
mitigate potential risks to biodiversity.

The Program will follow measures outlined in the IFC Good Practice Note on Improving Animal Welfare in Livestock
Operations. This would entail among others that genetic selection should always take into account the health and
welfare of animals; animals chosen for introduction into new environments should be suited to the local climate and
able to adapt to local diseases, parasites and nutrition; the physical environment should allow comfortable resting,
Public Disclosure

safe and comfortable movement, including normal postural changes, and the opportunity to perform types of natural
behavior that animals are motivated to perform; etc. Further details are available in the Good Practice Note, which
will be used for the purposes of ESMF. The Program will not finance any activity that could lead to conversion of
critical habitats. The ESMF exclusion criteria will include activities that may lead to significant impacts on natural
habitats.
No risks to biodiversity and living natural resources is anticipated as a result of Regional Entities activities as they
focus on technical assistances that are not anticipated to have downstream E&S risks.

Most of the construction/rehabilitation activities of the project in Madagascar will take place in inhabited areas as it
is the case for Ethiopia. So, it is not anticipated that those constructions will impact negatively natural habitats or
modified habitats of biodiversity significance. Only, the rehabilitation of rural road networks might induce the
clearance and loss of areas of vegetation and faunal habitat when it comes to widen the right-of-way of those road-
sections. In that case, a very little vegetation will be destroyed or damaged along the feeder roads. The overall
environmental risk for ESS6 is therefore deemed moderate to negligible. Based on that, the risk will be managed by
applying known mitigation measures to be included in the ESMPs. The natural resource management intervention
could generate impacts on watershed, biodiversity, and ecologically sensitive areas. The profile of natural habitat will
be assessed following their classification to IUCN list and ecosystems in the specific ESMP to be prepared before the
financing of these activities.

ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities

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ESS7 is relevant in Ethiopia as the intervention focuses on high potential woredas in all regional states, the proposed
activities may potentially impact the historically underserved communities who meet the criteria of ESS7 in the
emerging regions like Gambella, Benishangul, and areas where there are pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in Oromia
and SNNP regional states. The Ethiopian Constitution recognizes the presence of different socio-cultural groups,
including historically underserved communities (HUCs) and disadvantaged groups, as well as their rights to their
identity, culture, language, customary livelihoods, socio-economic equity, etc. The MOA will ensure respect to human
rights, dignity, aspirations, identity, culture and livelihoods of historically underserved communities if any, and avoid,
minimize, or mitigate adverse impacts. To this end, the social risks and impacts relating to ESS7 will be assessed and
managed through a Social Assessment (SA) including a Social Development Plan (SDP) will be prepared and disclosed
prior to the appraisal based on an extensive engagement process with potential beneficiaries including those who will
be identified as vulnerable groups and historically underserved communities. The SEP will assure the participation of
these groups in the benefits and development process, via the communication and outreach strategy as outlined
under ESS10.

In Madagascar, there are no Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local
Communities that meet the criteria of IP/SSHAUTLCs, per the requirements of this Standard, in the project areas.

For Regional Entities, while Indigenous Peoples/ SSAHUTLC are present in several member states impacts on ESS7
communities associated with their activities are not expected. This will be confirmed during preparation. However,
the ToR and outputs for any consultancies, studies, capacity building, training and any other technical assistance
activities under the Program will need to be undertaken in line with ESS7 to ensure that the needs of these groups in
Public Disclosure

relation to food security are considered. Requirements to engage with representatives of IP/SSAHUTLC will be
included in the SEP as relevant.

ESS8 Cultural Heritage

The Program activities are unlikely to affect tangible and intangible cultural heritage as they will mainly be
implemented in the existing farmlands. In other words, key physical investments will be undertaken in the existing
agricultural land where the likelihood of existence of tangible and intangible cultural heritage is low. However,
Chance Find Procedures shall be adopted for precautionary reasons for infrastructure investments to address
unknown archeological or historical remains and objects and the procedure will clearly be described in the ESMF.

For Regional Entities, activities, impacts on cultural heritage are not expected. This will be confirmed during
preparation. However, the ToR and outputs for any consultancies, studies, capacity building, training and any other
technical assistance activities under the Program will need to be prepared in line with ESS8.

ESS9 Financial Intermediaries

N/A

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C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply

OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways Yes

OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No

III. WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DUE DILIGENCE

A. Is a common approach being considered? No

Financing Partners
N/A

B. Proposed Measures, Actions and Timing (Borrower’s commitments)

Actions to be completed prior to Bank Board Approval:
For Ethiopia the following E&S Instruments will be prepared prior to appraisal:
1. Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP)
2. Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP)
3. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) including capacity assessment
Public Disclosure

4. Resettlement Framework (RF)

5. Labor Management Procedures (LMP)
6. Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP)
7. Social Assessment (SA) including a Social Development Plan (SDP) – to address issues associated with ESS7

For Madagascar the following E&S Instruments will be prepared prior to appraisal:
1. Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP)
2. Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP)

For Regional Entities the following E&S Instruments will be prepared prior to appraisal:
1. Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP)
2. Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP)

Possible issues to be addressed in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP):
For Ethiopia the following issues will be captured in the ESCP
1) Organizational structure for implementation of the Program
2) Requirement to screen any proposed subprojects in accordance with the ESMF and, thereafter, draft, adopt,
and implement the required Environmental and Social Assessments such as ESIAs, ESMPs, RAPs etc.
3) Prepare and implement SEA/SH Action Plans
4) Conduct Security Risk Assessment and prepare Security Management Plan (disbursement condition).
5) Update the LMPs, SEPs etc as required.

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6) Prepare Social Development Plans to address impacts associated with ESS7

7) Update the SEP as needed and ensure the GM is functional.

For Madagascar, the following issues will be captured in the ESCP

1) Draft and Disclose Final ESMF including capacity assessment (Disbursement Condition)
2) Develop Labor Management Procedures (Disbursement Condition)
3) Resettlement Framework (RF) (Disbursement Condition)
4) Organizational structure for implementation of the Program
5) Requirement to screen any proposed subprojects in accordance with the ESMF and, thereafter, draft, adopt,
and implement the required Environmental and Social Assessments such as ESIAs, ESMPs, etc.
6) Management of SEA/SH risks.
7) Update the SEP as needed and ensure the GM is functional.
8) Ensure that ESF requirements are captured in the ToR for any studies that are to be undertaken as part of the
Program activities
9) Capacity assessment and building will be carried out during project preparation
10) Capacity building and technical assistance will be prepared in line with the requirements of the ESF.

For Regional Entities the following issues will be captured in the ESCP
1) Organizational structure for implementation of the Program
2) Assess SEA/SH risks and associated mitigation.
3) Update the SEP as needed and ensure the GRM is functional.
Public Disclosure

4) Ensure that ESF requirements are captured in the ToR for any studies that are to be undertaken as part of the
Program activities
5) That all capacity building and technical assistance will be prepared in line with the requirements of the ESF

C. Timing
Tentative target date for preparing the Appraisal Stage ESRS 07-Apr-2022

IV. CONTACT POINTS

World Bank
Contact: Pierre Olivier Colleye Title: Sr Agricultural Spec.

Telephone No: +1-202-473-5039 Email: [email protected]

Contact: Laura Bonzanigo Title: Senior Water Specialist

Telephone No: 5241+4106 / 233-030-2214106 Email: [email protected]

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Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa (P178566)

Contact: Paavo Eliste Title: Lead Agriculture Economist

Telephone No: +1-202-473-1488 Email: [email protected]

Contact: Tahira Syed Title: Senior Rural Development Specialist

Telephone No: +1-202-473-3100 Email: [email protected]

Contact: Stephen Paul D'Alessandro Title: Sr Agricultural Spec.

Telephone No: Email: [email protected]

Borrower/Client/Recipient
Borrower: Ministry of Finance, Ethiopia

Borrower: Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)

Borrower: Ministry of Economy and Finance, Madagascar

Implementing Agency(ies)
Implementing Agency: Ministry of Agriculture, Ethiopia

Implementing Agency: Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Madagascar

Public Disclosure

Implementing Agency: IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Center

Center for Coordination of Agricultural Research and Development for Southern Africa
Implementing Agency:
(CCARDESA)

V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT

The World Bank
1818 H Street, NW
Washington, D.C. 20433
Telephone: (202) 473-1000
Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects

VI. APPROVAL
Laura Bonzanigo, Paavo Eliste, Tahira Syed, Pierre Olivier Colleye, Stephen Paul
Task Team Leader(s):
D'Alessandro
Practice Manager
Helene Monika Carlsson Rex Recommended on 12-Mar-2022 at 04:56:9 GMT-05:00
(ENR/Social)
Maria Do Socorro Alves Da Cunha (SAESSA) Cleared on 15-Mar-2022 at 00:10:44 GMT-
Safeguards Advisor ESSA
04:00

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