Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.

:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 1
Getting to Know Gases
Objective:
 Prove that gases have the following properties: mass, volume,
temperature, and pressure.

Materials:

For Activity A: For Activity B:

3 rubber balloons of the same kind pipette and aspirator or syringe
digital balance 100-mL graduated cylinder
balloon pump (optional) 200 mL water
20 mL cooking oil

For Activity C: For Activity D:

thermometer (360°C) Erlenmeyer flask
alcohol lamp alcohol lamp
tripod tripod
wire gauze wire gauze
match match
denatured alcohol denatured alcohol
ice
500-mL beaker or any tin can

Procedure:
A. Gases and Its Mass
1. Measure the mass of the deflated balloon using a digital balance with a
0.01 precision (sensitive up to two decimal places).

2. Inflate the balloon using a balloon pump and seal the opening by securely
twisting/looping the end.
3. Measure the mass of the inflated balloon using a digital balance.

4. Do three trials and record your data. Note: Keep the inflated balloon to be
used in procedure D.

Q1. Is the mass of the deflated balloon different from the mass of the
inflated balloon?

Q2. Which is heavier, the inflated or the deflated balloon? Why?

Q3. What can you infer in this activity?

Discover more about gases as you proceed to the next activities.

B. Gases and Its Volume

1. Put approximately 50.0 mL of water in the graduated cylinder.

2. Cover the water with cooking oil up to approximately 70.0 mL. Let the oil
settle at the top of the water.

3. Dip the tip of the pipette in the water-oil mixture until it reaches the water
portion of the mixture. Carefully press the aspirator at the other end of the
pipette to introduce air in the mixture. A syringe can be used as a
substitute for pipette.

4. Carefully remove the pipet from the water-oil mixture. Read the final
volume after introducing air in the water-oil mixture.

Note: If pipette and aspirator are not available, you may instead use
syringe.

5. Perform three trials and write your data on Table 2.

Q1. What happens to the volume reading of the water-oil mixture when air is
introduced to it?

Q2. What does it indicate?

C. Gases and Its Temperature

1. Pour approximately 150 mL of water in a beaker or any tin can.

2. Measure the initial temperature of the air just above the water level.

3. Fill the beaker with crushed ice up to the water level. After 5 minutes,
measure the temperature of the air just above the water level.
4. Assemble the wire gauze, tripod, and alcohol lamp. Set aside the iced water.
Replace the content of the beaker with tap water. Place the beaker with
water on the wire gauze.

5. Heat the water until it boils and get the temperature of the air just above the
water level.

6. Perform three trials and write your data on Table 3.

Q1. Is there a difference in the temperature of air among the three set-ups?

Q2. Explain the difference in temperature of air.

Note: Use the boiling water for the next set-up.

D. Gases and Its Pressure
1. Transfer the hot water into the Erlenmeyer flask.

2. Carefully place the inflated balloon on the mouth of the Erlenmeyer flask
with hot water. Observe what happens.

Q1. What happens to the inflated balloon?

Q2. What causes this phenomenon?

3. Remove the inflated balloon from the Erlenmeyer flask.

4. Get a deflated balloon and place it at the mouth of the Erlenmeyer flask.

5. Assemble the wire gauze, tripod, and alcohol lamp. Heat the Erlenmeyer
flask with a deflated balloon.
Q3. What happens to the shape of the balloon?

Q4. What causes the balloon to change its shape and size?

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 2
Boyle’s Law
Objective:
• Investigate the relationship between volume and pressure of gas at
constant temperature.

Materials:
• 25 mL syringe • 5” by 3” illustration board
• set of weights • 6” by 4” by 0.25” wood
• ruler • candle or glue gun
• glue stick • match (if you opted to use candle)

Procedure:
1. Fill the syringe with air by pulling the plunger. See to it that the volume
reading is at approximately 25.0 mL.

2. Seal the opening of the syringe with the melted glue stick.

3. Bore a hole that is very close to the size of the opening of the syringe in a 6”
by 4” flat wood. Screw the wood on a stable object. Insert in an upright
position the sealed part of the syringe in the hole of the wood, be sure it is
sturdy.
4. Paste a 5” by 3” illustration board at the end of the plunger. This will serve
the holder of the weights. You have just prepared a Boyle’s Law Apparatus.

5. Carefully place a 200-gram weight on the holder and get the volume
reading.

6. Place one at a time different weights to the plunger. If you do not have set of
weights, you may use books of the same kind. Be sure to get the mass of
each book.

7. Record the mass and volume reading using Table 5.

Q1. What happens to the volume of the syringe as the set of weights is added
on top of it?

Q2. What happens to the pressure on the syringe when the set of weights is
added?

8. Plot a graph with the pressure at the y axis and volume at the x axis.

Q3. Describe the graph.

Q4. What is the relationship between volume and pressure of gases at constant
temperature?

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 3
Charles’ Law
Objective:
 Investigate the relationship between volume and temperature at constant
pressure.

Materials:
• rubber balloon • thermometer
• tap water • alcohol lamp
• hot water • tape measure
• ice

Procedure:
1. Prepare 3 beakers (1 for ice water, 1 for tap water, and another one for hot
water).
2. Inflate a balloon.
3. Measure the circumference of the balloon using a tape measure.

4. Get the temperature reading of the hot water.

5. Put the balloon in hot water for 2 minutes, then measure again its
circumference.

6. Do three trials and get the average of the results.

7. Repeat procedures 3 to 6 using tap water.

8. Repeat procedures 3 to 6 . This time use ice water.

OPY
9. Record the results in the Table 7.

Table 7. Data on Determining the Size of the Balloon at Different

Temperatures

Q1. What happens to the size of the balloon as the temperature decreases?

Q2. How does the change in the temperature relate to the volume of gas in the
balloon?

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 4
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Objective:
 Investigate the relationship between temperature and pressure at
constant volume.

Materials:
• 110°C thermometer
• Erlenmeyer flask/bottle
• cork or rubber stopper
• denatured alcohol
• Liquid dropper

Procedure:
1. Insert the thermometer into the stopper. Precaution: Lubricate the
thermometer with a small amount of grease before insertion.

2. Put 5 drops of denatured alcohol in the Erlenmeyer flask.

3. Cover the Erlenmeyer flask with the stopper that you prepared in
Procedure 1. The size of the stopper should fit the mouth of the Erlenmeyer
flask. Wait for 2 minutes before measuring the temperature.
4. Shake the Erlenmeyer flask for 2 minutes and take the temperature
reading.

CAUTION: Carefully hold the thermometer to avoid breakage.

5. Perform three trials and record the data.

Table 9. Data on Temperature of the Gas Before and After Shaking the
Erlenmeyer flask

Q1. What happens to the drops of denatured alcohol after 2 minutes? after
another 2 minutes ?

Q2. Compare the pressure exerted by the denatured alcohol molecules before
and after shaking?

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 5
Combined Gas Laws

Objective:
 Determine the relationship among temperature, pressure, and
volume of gases at constant number of moles.

Materials:
• liquid dropper
• cylindrical container with cover
• denatured alcohol
• match/candle
• ruler

Procedure:
1. Get a cylindrical container made of hard carton and bore a hole near its
bottom.

2. Remove the cover of the cylindrical container and put 5 drops of denatured
alcohol. Caution: Denatured alcohol is toxic or poisonous. It can cause
blindness. BE CAREFUL!

3. Cover and hold the cylindrical container in such a way that your thumb is
covering the hole near the base.
4. Shake the container vigorously for 1 minute.

5. Place the container on the table or arm rest. As quickly as possible, place a
lighted match/candle near the hole. Observe what will happen. Cautions:
The container of the denatured alcohol should be placed as far as
possible from your working area because it is flammable. Immediately
wash your hands with plenty of water after this procedure.
Q1. What happens to the cylindrical container when a source of heat is placed
near the hole?

Q2. Why do you need to shake the container after putting 5 drops of denatured
alcohol?

Q3. How is the volume of the gases related to its temperature and pressure?

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 6
Squashing the Bottle
Adopted from Apex

Objective:
 Show the relationship among volume, temperature, pressure and
number of moles.

Materials:
• two empty, plastic, 1.5-litre bottles with cover
• hot water
• ice cubes
• hammer
• plastic bag

Procedure for Activity A:

1. Fill one-third of the bottle with hot water.

2. After a few seconds, empty the bottle and put the cover at once.

Q1. What happened when you covered the bottle?

Q2. What caused it to happen?

Procedure for Activity B:

1. Put some ice cubes in a plastic bag. Crush the cubes with a hammer.

2. Put the crushed ice cubes in the bottle. Put the cover on.

3. Shake the bottle so that the inner portion is thoroughly chilled. Observe the
bottle.

Q4. What happened to the bottle?

Q5. Explain the phenomenon.

Conclusion:
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Sec.:___________ Score:_______
Teacher:_______________________________ Date:___________________ Rating:______

Activity 7
A Gaseous Outlook
Adopted from Apex

Objective:
 Determine the application of gas laws in daily occurrences.

Materials:
Activity A Activity B Activity C
string glass bottle bowl
sticky tape medium-sized drinking straw
medium-sized bottle water
balloon sink with hot and
drinking straw cold water

A. Jet-Propelled Balloon
1. Thread a string through the straw and tie its ends tightly between two
points at equal heights in a room (e.g., handles or hooks).
2. Inflate the balloon and keep the neck closed between your fingers.
3. Fix the balloon underneath the drinking straw with the sticky tape and
pull the balloon along to one end of the string.
4. Pull your fingers against the mouth of the balloon then let go.

Q1. Explain why the balloon shoots along the thread at a speed using the
concept of the gas laws.

Q2. What does this prove regarding the compressibility of gases?

B. The Rising Water

1. Put the glass into the water upside down.
2. Lift the glass up, but without the rim going above the surface of the water.
Observe what happens.

Q1. What happened to the level of the water inside the glass?

Q2. What caused this to happen?

Q3. If the rim of the glass was raised above the surface of the water what might
have happened?

Conclusion: