Solution

TEST SERIES- MATHEMATICS (041)

Class 12 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(c) − 2

3
,−
2

3
,−
1

Explanation:
2 2 1
− ,− ,−
3 3 3

2.
(c) ^j
Explanation:
To find a unit vector perpendicular to both ^i + k
^
and ^i − k
^
, we use the cross product:
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
( i + k) × ( i − k) = j (−1 − 1) = −2 j

The unit vector is

^
−2 j
^
= −j
2

Thus, the correct answer is ^j .

3.
(d) 1

√6

Explanation:
1

√6

4.
3 6
(c) 2

7
,−
7
,
7

Explanation:
2 3 6
,− ,
7 7 7

5. (a) 90o
Explanation:
90o
6.
(c) linear function
Explanation:
linear function

7.
(b) a feasible region
Explanation:
a feasible region

8.
(b) P (A ∩ B) = 1

2
P (B)

Explanation:
1
P (A ∩ B) = P (B)
2

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 9.
(b) 0.58
Explanation:
Let A and B be independent events with P (A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.4
Since the events are independent, P(A ∩ B) = P(A)⋅ P(B)
Therefore P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) = 0.3 + 0.4 - 0.12 = 0.58

10.
1
(c) 3

Explanation:
Here S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. Let A = {4, 5, 6) and B = {1, 2, 3, 4}.
3
∴ P (A) = = and P (B) = =
6
1

2
4

6
2

Clearly, A and B are independent events.

1 2
∴ P (A ∩ B) = P (A) × P (B) = ( × )
2 3

=
1

3
.

Section B
11. ∵ a, b and c are unit vectors,
→ ∣→∣ →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∵ a = ∣ b ∣ = c = 1
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

→
→ →
Now, a + b + c = 0(given)
2
→
→ →
( a + b + c ) = 0

2 → 2 2 → →
∣→∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ →∣ → → → →

∣
a
∣
+ ∣ b ∣ +
∣
c
∣
+2( a . b + b . c + c . a ) =0
∣ ∣
→ →
→ → → →
​1 + 1 + 1 + 2( a . b + b . c + c . a ) =0
→ →
→ → → → −3
( a . b + b . c + c . a ) =
2
​
12. Given ^ ^ ^
a⃗ = i + j − 2k , b = −^i + 2^j + 2k
⃗ ^
,
^ ^ ^
c ⃗ = − i + 2j − k

Now,
→
→
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
( a + b ) = i + j − 2k − i + 2 j + 2k = 3 j

→ →
( b −
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
c ) = − i + 2 j + 2k + i − 2 j + k = 3k ​we know that , cross product of two vectors give the perpendicular vector to it.
∣ˆ ˆ ˆ∣
i j k
→ → ∣ ∣
→ →
So, ( a + b )× ( b − c ) = ∣0 3 0∣
∣ ∣
∣0 0 3∣

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
= (9 − 0) i − (0 − 0) j + (0 − 0) k = 9 i

​Therefore, the required perpendicular vector is 9ˆi ​.

13. a⃗ 1
^ ^ ^ ⃗ ^ ^ ^
= i + 2 j + k, b1 = i − j + k

^ ^ ^ ⃗ ^ ^ ^
a⃗2 = 2 i − j − k, b2 = 2 i + j + 2k
⃗ ⃗
∣ (a⃗2 − a⃗1 ).( b1 × b2 ) ∣
d = ∣ ∣
∣ ⃗ ⃗ ∣
b × b2
∣ ∣ 1 ∣ ∣

^ ^ ^
a⃗2 − a⃗1 = i − 3 j − 2k

∣^i
^
j
^
k∣
∣ ∣
⃗ ⃗
b1 × b2 = ∣1 −1 1∣
∣ ∣
∣2 1 2∣

^ ^ ^
= i (−2 − 1) − j (2 − 2) + k(1 + 2)

^ ^
= −3 i + 3k
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
∣ ( i −3 j −2k).(−3 i +3k)∣

d = ∣ ∣
∣ ^ ^∣
−3 i +3k
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

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 ∣ −3−6 ∣ ∣ 9 ∣ 3
= = =
∣ √9+9 ∣ ∣ 3√2 ∣ √2

14. Min z = 5 x - 2 y

Corner Points Z = 5x − 2y

A(60, 0) 300

B(40, 20) 160

C (60, 30) 240

D(120, 0) 600
Min Z = 160 at x = 40, y = 20
15. We have,
P(atleast 2 balls are green) = 1 - P(at most one ball is green)
= 1 - [P(first green) + P(second green) + P(third green) + P(no green)]
6 8 7 8 6 7 8 7 6 8 7 6
=1-[ 14
×
13
×
12
+
14
×
13
×
12
+
14
×
13
×
12
+
14
×
13
×
12
]

336 336 336 336

=1−[ 2184
+
2184
+
2184
+
2184
]

1344
=1− 2184
840
= 2184
5
= 13

16. Given , ΔABC, whose vertices are A (1, 2, 3), B(2, -1, 4) and C(4, 5, -1).
Let the position vectors of the vertices A, B and C of ΔABC is
→
^ ^ ^
OA = i + 2 j + 3k
→
^ ^ ^
OB = 2 i − j + 4k and
→
^ ^ ^
OC = 4 i + 5 j − k

→ → →
We know that , AB = OB − OA
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (2 i − j + 4k) − ( i + 2 j + 3k)

^ ^ ^
= i − 3j + k
→ → →
also , AC = OC − OA

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (4 i + 5 j − k) − ( i + 2 j + 3k)

^ ^ ^
= (3 i + 3 j − 4k)

∣^ ^ ^ ∣
i j k
→ → ∣ ∣
Now, AB × AC = ∣1 −3 1 ∣
∣ ∣
∣3 3 −4 ∣

^ ^ ^
= i (12 − 3) − j (−4 − 3) + k(3 + 9)

^ ^ ^
= 9 i + 7 j + 12k
→ → −−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2 2
|AB × AC | = √(9) + (7) + (12)
−−−−−−−−−− −
= √81 + 49 + 144

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 −−−
= √274
→ →
∴ Area of ΔABC = 1

2
|AB × AC |

1 −−−
= √274
2

√274
=
2

√274
∴ Area =
2
sq units.
17. The given lines are
y+3
x+1

3
=
5
=
z+5

7
= λ (let) ...(i)
x−2 y−4 z−6
and 1
=
3
=
5
= μ( let ) ...(ii)
Then, any point on line (i) is of the form
P (3λ − 1, 5λ − 3, 7λ − 5) ...(iii)

and any point on line (ii) is of the form

Q(μ + 2, 3μ + 4, 5μ + 6) ...(iv)

If lines (i) and (ii) intersect, then these points must coincide for some λ and μ.
Consider, 3λ − 1 = μ + 2
5λ − 3 = 3μ + 4

and 7λ − 5 = 5μ + 6
⇒ 3λ − μ = 3 ...(v)

5λ − 3μ = 7 ...(vi)

and 7λ − 5μ = 11 ...(vii)
On multiplying Eq. (v) by 3 and then subtracting Eq. (vi), we get,
9λ − 3u − 5λ + 3u = 9 − 7

⇒ 4λ = 2
1
⇒ λ =
2

On putting the value of λ in Eq. (v), we get

1
3 × − μ= 3
2
3
⇒ − μ= 3
2
3
⇒ μ= −
2

On putting the values of λ and µ in Eq. (vii), we get

1 3
7 × − 5 (− ) = 11
2 2

7 15 22
⇒ + = 11 ⇒ = 11
2 2 2

⇒ 11 = 11, which is true.

Hence, lines ( i) and (ii) intersect and their point of intersection is
1 1 1
P (3 × − 1, 5 × − 3, 7 × − 5)
2 2 2

[put λ = 1

2
in Eq. (iii)]
i.e. P (
1

2
,−
1

2
,−
3

2
)

18. First, we will convert the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:
2x + y = 18, 3x + 2y = 34
Region represented by 2x + y ≥ 18 :
The line 2x + y = 18 meets the coordinate axes at A(9,0) and B(0,18) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 2x +
y = 18 Clearly (0,0) does not satisfies the inequation 2x + y ≥ 18 . So, the region in xy plane which does not contain the origin
represents the solution set of the inequation 2x + y ≥ 18.
Region represented by 3x + 2y ≤ 34 :
The line 3x + 2y = 34 meets the coordinate axes at
34
C (
3
, 0) and D(0,17) respectively.
By joining these points we obtain the line 3x + 2y = 34 Clearly (0,0) satisfies the inequation 3x + 2y ≤ 34 . So, the region
containing the origin represents the solution set of the inequation 3x + 2y ≤ 34
The corner points of the feasible region are A(9,0)
C (
34

3
, 0) and E(2,14) and feasible region is bounded

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 The values of Z objective function at these corner points are as follows.
Corner point Z = 50x + 30y

A(9, 0) 50 × 9 + 3 × 0 = 450

34 34 1700
C ( , 0) 50 × + 30 × 0 =
3 3 3

E(2, 14) 50 × 2 + 30 × 14 = 520

Therefore, the maximum value of objective function Z is

1700

3
at the point ( 34

3
, 0) Hence, x = 34

3
and y = 0 is the optimal solution of the given LPP.
Thus, the optimal value of objective function Z is 1700

3
.
19. Let the first observation be from the black die and second from the red die.
When two dice (one black die and another red) are rolled, the sample space S has 6×6 = 36 number of elements.
Let A : obtaining a sum greater than 9 = {(4,6),(5,5),(5,6),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}
and B: black die resulted in a 5 = {(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6)}
∴ A ∩ B = {(5,5),(5,6)}

The conditional probability of obtaining a sum greater than 9, given that the black die resulted in a 5, is given by P(A/B)
2
P (A∩ B) 36 2 1
∴ P (A/B) = = = =
P (B) 6 6 3

36

20. a⃗ + b ⃗ = (i ⃗ + j ⃗ + k⃗) + (i ⃗ + 2j ⃗ + 3k⃗) = 2i ⃗ + 3j ⃗ + 4k⃗

⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
a⃗ − b = (i + j + k) − (i + 2j + 3k = − j − 2k

A vector which is perpendicular to both (a⃗ + b)⃗ are (a⃗ − b)⃗ is given by
∣^ ^ ^ ∣
i j k
∣ ∣
⃗ ⃗
(a⃗ + b) × (a⃗ − b) = ∣ 2 3 4 ∣
∣ ∣
∣0 −1 −2 ∣

^ ^ ^
= −2 i + 4 j − 2k

Let c ⃗ = −2^i + 4^j − 2k

^

−−−−−−− −
∣ ∣⃗ = √4 + 16 + 4
∣c ∣
−−
= √24
–
= 2√6

Required unit vector is

c⃗ 1 ^ 2 ^ 1 ^
= − i + j − k
∣c ∣
⃗ √6 √6 √6
∣ ∣

21. r ⃗ = (2i − j + 2k) + λ (3i + 4j + 2k)

Then, in Cartesian form,we have
x−2 y+1 z−2

3
=
4
=
2
= λ ..... (i)
coordinates of any point on (i) is ,
3λ + 2, 4λ − 1, 2λ + 2

The equation of plane is

→
^ ^ ^
r . ( i − j + k) = 5

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(x i + y j + zk) ⋅ ( i − j + k) = 5

x - y + z = 5 .... (ii)

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 If the point (3λ + 2, 4λ − 1, 2λ + 2) lies on (ii),then
(3λ + 2) − (4λ − 1) + (2λ + 2) = 5

λ + 5 = 5

λ = 0

we get (2, -1, 2) as the coordinate of the point of intersection of the given line and the plane.
Now distance between the points (-1, -5, -10) and (2, -1, 2)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
= √(2 + 1) + (−1 − 5) + (2 + 10)

= 13
22. First, we will convert the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:
2x + 3y = 13, 3x + y = 5, x = 0 and y = 0
Region represented by 2 x + 3 y ≤ 13 :
The line 2 x + 3 y=13 meets the coordinate axes at
A(
13

2
, 0) and B (0, 13

3
) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 2x + 3y = 13
Clearly (0,0) satisfies the inequation 2 x + 3 y ≤ 13 . So, the region containing the origin represents the solution set of the
inequation 2 x + 3 y ≤ 13
Region represented by 3 x + y ≤ 5 :-
The line 3x +y = 5 meets the coordinate axes at
C (
5

3
, 0) and D(0, 5) respectviely. By joining these points we obtain the line 3x + y = 5
Clearly (0,0) satisfies the inequation 3x + y ≤ 5 . So, the region containing the origin represents the solution set of the inequation
3x + y ≤ 5
Region represented by x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 is the 1st quadrant.
The feasible region determined by the system of constraints, 2 x + 3 y ≤ 13,3 x + y ≤ 5, x ≤ 0, and y ≤ 0, are shown in the
shaded portion of the graph.

The corner points of the feasible region are O(0,0)

C (
5

3
, 0) E (
2

7
,
29

7
) and B (0, 13

3
)

The values of Z at these corner points are as follows.

We see that the maximum value of the objective function Z is 15 which is at C
Corner point Z = 9x + 3y

O(0, 0) 9×0+3×0=0
5 5
C ( , 0) 9 × + 3 × 0 = 15
3 3

2 29 2 29
E( , ) 9 × + 3 × = 15
7 7 7 7

13 13
B (0, ) 9 × 0 + 3 × = 113
3 3

(
5

3
, 0) and E ( 2

7
,
29

7
) Thus, the optional value of z is 15.

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23. E1 : Selected person is cyclist
E2 : Selected person is scooter driver
E3 : Selected person is car driver
A : insured person met with an accident

P(E1) = 3

18
, P(E2) = 6

18
, P(E3) = 18
9

P (A|E1 ) = 0.3, P (A|E 2) = 0.05, P (A|E 3) = 0.02

P( E1 )P(A| E1 )
P (E1 /A) =
P( E1 )P(A| E1 )+P( E2 )P(A| E2 )+P( E3 )P(A| E3 )

3 30
×

=
18 100

3 30 6 5 9 2
× + × + ×
18 100 18 100 18 100

= 90

138
= 15

23

Required Probability = 15

23

Section C
24. i. Let F be the combined force,
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗
∴ F = F1 + F2 + F3

= (4^i + 0^j ) + (−2^i + 4^j ) + (−3^i − 3^j )

= (4 − 2 − 3)^i + (0 + 4 − 3)^j
= - ^i + ^j
−−−−− −−−−
⃗ ∣ 2 2∣
∴ F | = √(−1) + 1
∣ ∣
–
= |√2| KN
ii. Magnitude of force of Team B =
−−−−− −−−−
∣ 2∣ −−
∣
∣
⃗ ∣
∣ ∣
2
F 2 = √(−2) + 4
∣
= √20 KN
–
= 2√5 KN
iii. We have,
−−−−−− −
∣ 2∣
∣
∣
⃗ ∣
F 1 = √(4) + 0
∣ ∣
2

∣
= 4 KN
−− −−− −−−−
∣ 2∣ −−
∣
∣
⃗ ∣
F 2 = √(−2) + 4
∣
2
√20 = KN
∣ ∣
−−−−−−−−−− − −−
and ∣
∣
⃗ ∣
F3 = ∣
∣ ∣
√(−3)2 + (−3)2 ∣
∣ = √18 KN
Here, the magnitude of force F2 is greater, therefore team Q will win the game.
OR
We have,
Combined force, F ⃗ = −^i + ^j
tan-1( = tan-1 (
Fy
1
∴ θ ) )
Fx −1

= tan-1(1)
= tan-1(tan 3π

4
)

= 3π

4
radians
25. i. It is given that if India loose any match, then the probability that it wins the next match is 0.3.
∴ Required probability = 0.3

ii. It is given that, if India loose any match, then the probability that it wins the next match is 0.3.
∴ Required probability = 1 - 0.3 = 0.7

iii. Required probability = P(India losing first match) ⋅ P(India losing second match when India has already lost first match) = 0.4
× 0.7 = 0.28

OR
Required probability = P(India winning first match) ⋅ P(India winning second match if India has already won first match) ⋅
P(India winning third match if India has already won first two matches) = 0.6 × 0.4 × 0.4 = 0.096

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